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1、（医疗药品管理）药理专业名词中英文对照6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenaseJanbon综合症JanbonssyndromePPB浓度partsperbillionconcentrationpphm浓度partsperhundredmillionconcentrationPPH浓度partsperhundredconcentrationppm浓度partspermillionconcentration安全范围safetyrange安全试验法innocuitytestmethod安全系统safetycoefficient安慰剂placebo螯合剂ch
2、elatingagent靶细胞targetcell白蛋白微球制剂albuminmicroballoons百分浓度percentageconcentration半合成抗生素semisyntheticantibiotics半抗原haptene半数致死剂量halflethaldose;medianlethaldose;LD50半衰期half-lifeperiod;halflifetime包衣片coatedtablet薄膜衣film-coating饱和溶液saturatedsolution贝克勒尔Becquerel被动免疫passiveimmunity被动转运passivetransport崩解度di
3、sintegration崩解剂disintegrants必需氨基酸essentialaminoacid必需脂肪酸essentialfattyacid变态反应allergy;allergicreaction表面活性surfaceactivity表面张力surfacetension丙种射线gammarays补体complement补体系统complementsystem不良反应adversereaction不完全抗原incompleteantigen搽剂liniments长期毒性实验longtermtoxicitytest长效制剂prolongedactionpreparation肠肝循环ente
4、rohepaticcirculation肠溶控释片entericcontrolledreleasetablets肠溶衣entericcoating处方prescription;recipe穿透促进剂penetrationenhancers磁性控释制剂magneticcontrolledreleasedosageform磁性药物制剂magneticmedicinalpreparations大分子macromolecule单克隆抗体monoclonalantibody胆碱酯酶cholinesterase当量equivalentweight当量定律equivalentlaw当量浓度normality
5、当量溶液normalsolution等张溶液isotonicsolution低聚糖oligosaccharides低密度脂蛋白lowdensitylipoprotein滴定titration滴定曲线titrationcurve滴丸剂pill递质transmitter电解electrolyzation电解质electrolyte酊剂tincture定向药物制剂directedpharmaceuticalpreparations毒理学toxicology毒性反应toxicresponse;toxicreaction短期致癌实验shorttermcarcinogenictest对因治疗etiolog
6、icaltreatment对映体antipode对症治疗symptomatictreatment多功能酶multifunctionalenzyme多剂量给药multipledoseadministration多糖polyose多肽polypeptide儿茶酚胺catecholamine二重感染superinfection发酵fermentation法定处方officialformula芳族化合物aromaticcompound放射毒理学radiotoxicology放射药剂学radiopharmaceutics非必需氨基酸non-essentialaminoacid非去极化型肌松药nondep
7、olarizer分子病moleculardisease分子溶液molecularsolution分子生物学molecularbiology分子药理学molecularpharmacology辅基prostheticgroup辅料excipients辅酶coenzyme副作用sideeffect附加剂additive干燥剂desiccant;dryingagent肝首过效应firstpasseffectofhepar感受器receptor高敏性hyperreactivity个体差异性individualdifferences;individualvariation给药方案或给药速度dosager
8、egimenordoserate给药间隔dosinginterval工业药剂学industrialpharmacy共价键covalentbond光量子lightquantum广谱抗生素broad-spectrumantibiotic过滤filtration过敏毒素anaphylatoxin过敏性药物反应anaphylacticdrugreaction过氧化物superoxide含量均匀度contentuniformity核糖核酸ribonucleicacid;RNA核苷酸nucleotide合并用药drugcombination合成药物syntheticdrugs合剂mixture痕量元素tr
9、aceelement化学分析chemicalanalysis化学物理学chemicalphysics化学消毒法chemicaldisinfection化学药物治疗chemotherapy环境药理学environmentalpharmacology基本药物essentialdrugs基因gene激活剂activator激活作用activation激素hormone激素原prohormone急性毒性实验acutetoxicitytest己糖醇细胞毒剂cytotoxichexitols剂量dosage;dose剂量或浓度的依存性doseorconcentrationdependency剂型dosag
10、eform间接致癌indirectcarcinogenesis间歇灭菌法discontinuoussterilization碱中毒alkalosis;alkali-poisoning胶体溶液型药剂medicalcolloidalsolution嚼用片chewabletablets酵解glycolysis拮抗作用antagonism解毒作用detoxication介质mediator;transmitter;medium精神依赖性psychicdependence剧药powerfuldrug绝对致死剂量absolutelethaldose;LD100抗毒素antitoxin抗菌谱antibact
11、erialspectrum抗体antibody抗血清antiserum抗药性resistancetodrugs抗原antigen克当量gram-equivalentweight克当量数gram-equivalentnumber克分子gram-molecule;gram-mol克分子分数molarfraction克分子量grammolecularweight克分子浓度molarcomcentratin;molalcomcentration克原子gram-atom控释制剂controlledreleasepreparation口腔内给药oraladministration快速耐受tachyphyl
12、axis扩散diffusion扩散系数coefficientofdiffusion累积尿排泄曲线cumulativeurinaryexcretioncurves累加效应additiveeffect类毒素anatoxin;toxoid类固醇停药综合征steroidwithdrawalsyndrome冷藏cold-storage冷冻freezing;refrigeration量子药理学quantumpharmacology临床药理学clinicalpharmacology临床药学chlinicalpharmacy卤化物halogenide埋植剂implants慢通道slowpathway慢性毒性实
13、验chronictoxicitytest;longtermtoxicitytest酶enzyme酶原proenzyme免疫抑制剂immunosuppressant;immunoinhibitor免疫原性immunogenicity免疫增强剂immunoenhancement敏感性sensitivity摩尔mole摩尔分数浓度molfractionconcentration摩尔分子体积molarvolume;molevolume摩尔浓度molarity默克索引theMerckindex耐受性tolerance耐药性drugtolerance内毒素endotoxin内毒素鲎试剂测定法Limulus
14、AmebocyteLysateassayforendotoxin内消旋体mesomer浓度concentration皮肤、粘膜表面给药skinandmucocutaneousadministration片剂硬度tablethardness气凝胶aerogel气溶胶aerosol气体分析gasanalysis气雾剂aerosol前体药物prodrug鞘内注射intrathecalinjection全酶与辅基holonzymeandprostheticgroup人工合成抗原artificialantigen人工免疫artificialimmunization人种药理学ethnopharmacolo
15、gy日内瓦命名法Genevanomenclature溶剂solvent;dissolvent溶解dissolution;dissolving溶菌酶lysozyme溶血hemolysis溶质solute三羧酸循环tricarboxylicacidcycle杀菌活性bactericidalactivity杀菌作用bactericidaleffect身体依赖性physicaldependence神经毒素neurotoxin肾上腺素能神经adrenergicnerve肾上腺素能受体adrenergicreceptor渗透压osmoticpressure生长曲线growthcurve生物胺biogeni
16、camine生物半衰期biologicalhalflife生物化学biochemistry生物碱alkaloid生物利用度bioavailability生物统计学biometrics;biometry生物药剂学biopharmacy生物制品biologicalproduct生药crudedrugs时辰药理学chronopharmacology时间感受性chronosusceptability时间治疗chronotherapy时效关系time-effectrelationship时值chronaxia;chronaxy时滞lagtime世界卫生组织WorldHealthOrganization;
17、WHO噬菌体bacteriophage收敛药astringent手性药物chiraldrug首过效应first-passeffect受体receptor受体激动剂receptorstimulant受体拮抗剂receptorantagonist双盲法double-blindtechnique水解（作用）hydrolysis糖异生作用gluconeogenesis体表面积bodysurfacearea体积比浓度volumebyvolumeconcentration体液bodyfluid体液免疫humoralimmunity天然抗体naturalantibody天然抗原naturalantigen天
18、然免疫naturalimmunity天然药物crudedrugs;naturaldrugs调剂学dispensingpharmacy同位素isotope突变mutation吞噬作用phagocytosis外毒素exotoxin外消旋体raceme完全抗原completeantigen王水aquaregia;nitrohydrochloricacid微粒体酶microsomalenzyme微量元素traceelement稳态血药浓度steadystateplasmaconcentration物理药剂学physicalpharmaceutics吸入法inhalation吸收速率常数absorpti
19、onrateconstant细胞免疫cellularimmunity腺苷磷酸adenosinephosphate限制性剧药restrictiveholagogue相对给药间隔relativedosageinterval相加作用additiveeffect;addition向靶给药targetabledrugdelivery消除速率常数eliminationrateconstant效价potency效价单位potencyunit效价强度potency效应effect效应器effector效应物effector协定处方cipherprescription协同作用synergism兴奋性excita
20、bility序贯设计sequentialdesign悬浮液suspension选择性selectivity血管内给药intravascularadministration血管外给药extravascularadministration血浆plasma血浆代用液plasmasubstitute血浆蛋白结合率plasmaproteinbindingratio血脑屏障blood-cerebralbarrier血清serum血容量扩充剂bloodvolumeexpander血药浓度bloodconcentration血液凝固bloodcoagulation血液制品bloodproducts亚急性中毒s
21、ubacuteintoxication;subacutepoisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitritepoisoning眼用膜剂ocularinserts药时半对数曲线semi-logarithmiccurveofdrug-time药时曲线drug-timecurve药峰浓度peakconcentrationofdrug药峰时间peaktimeofdrug药剂等效性pharmaceuticalequivalence药剂学pharmaceutics药理学pharmacology药敏试验drugsensitivetest药品负责期allotteddateofdrugqualityensuringby
22、manufacturer药品管理法drugadministrationlaw药品批号drugbatchnumber药品使用期limitdateofusingadrugafteritsproduction药品有效期expirydate;dateofexpiration药品质量标准drugstandard药物代谢drugmetabolism药物代谢酶drugmetablicenzyme药物的体内过程intracorporalprocessofdrugs药物动力学模型pharmacokineticsmodel药物反应drugreaction药物分布drugdistribution药物分析pharma
23、ceuticalanalysis药物化学pharmaceuticalchemistry药物排泄drugexcretion药物吸收drugabsorption药物相互作用druginteraction药物消除drugelimination药物蓄积drugaccumulation药物学pharmacology;materiamedica药物遗传学pharmacogenetics药效动力学pharmacodynamics药源性疾病drug-induceddiseases乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase抑菌活性bacteriostatica
24、ctivity抑菌作用bactriostasis异构酶isomerase营养素nutrient硬膏剂plaster有效半衰期effectivehalt有效率effectiverate有效浓度effectiveconcentration右旋糖dextrose右旋体dextrorotatoryform阈剂量thresholddose载体carrier皂甙saponins脂质体liposome直肠给药rectaladministration直线相关linearcorrelation纸型片剂oralmedicaedsolublepaper致癌实验carcinogenictest致癌物carcinoge
25、n致畸试验teratogenictest致畸物teratogen致敏试验sensitizationtest致敏作用sensitization致死量fataldose;lethaldose制剂preparation制剂学technologyofpharmaceutics制药化学pharmaceuticalchemistry治疗等效（值）therapeuticequivalence治疗量therapeuticdose治疗药物临测therapeuticdrugmonitoring;TDM治疗指数therapeuticindexTI治疗作用therapeuticaction中毒intoxication
26、;poisoning中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准DrugStandardofMinistryofPublicHealthofthePeoplesRepublicofChina中间体intermediate助滤剂filteraid助溶剂complexsolubilizer助悬剂suspendingagent自身免疫autoimmunity组胺histamine最大耐受剂量maximaltolerabledose;LDO最大无作用剂量maxialnoneffectivedose;EDO最小显著差数leastsignificantdifference最小有效量minimaleffectivedose
27、最小致死剂量minimallethaldose;MLD左旋糖levulose左旋体levorotatoryform佐剂adjuvantabsolutelethaldose绝对致死剂量absorptionrateconstant吸收速率常数acetylcholine乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholinesterase乙酰胆碱酯酶activation激活作用activator激活剂acutetoxicitytest急性毒性实验addition相加作用additive附加剂additiveeffect累加效应；相加作用adenosinephosphate腺苷磷酸adjuvant佐剂adrener
28、gicnerve肾上腺素能神经adrenergicreceptor肾上腺素能受体adversereaction不良反应aerogel气凝胶aerosol气溶胶；气雾剂albuminmicroballoons白蛋白微球制剂alkali-poisoning碱中毒alkaloid生物碱alkalosis碱中毒allergicreaction变态反应allergy变态反应allotteddateofdrugqualityensuringbymanufacturer药品负责期anaphylacticdrugreaction过敏性药物反应anaphylatoxin过敏毒素anatoxin类毒素antago
29、nism拮抗作用antibacterialspectrum抗菌谱antibody抗体antigen抗原antipode对映体antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素aquaregia王水aromaticcompound芳族化合物artificialantigen人工合成抗原artificialimmunization人工免疫astringent收敛药autoimmunity自身免疫bactericidalactivity杀菌活性bactericidaleffect杀菌作用bacteriophage噬菌体bacteriostaticactivity抑菌活性bactriostasis抑菌作
30、用Becquerel贝克勒尔bioavailability生物利用度biochemistry生物化学biogenicamine生物胺biologicalhalflife生物半衰期biologicalproduct生物制品biometrics生物统计学biometry生物统计学biopharmacy生物药剂学bloodcoagulation血液凝固bloodconcentration血药浓度bloodproducts血液制品bloodvolumeexpander血容量扩充剂blood-cerebralbarrier血脑屏障bodyfluid体液bodysurfacearea体表面积broad-s
31、pectrumantibiotic广谱抗生素carcinogen致癌物carcinogenictest致癌实验carrier载体catecholamine儿茶酚胺cellularimmunity细胞免疫chelatingagent螯合剂chemicalanalysis化学分析chemicaldisinfection化学消毒法chemicalphysics化学物理学chemotherapy化学药物治疗chewabletablets嚼用片chiraldrug手性药物chlinicalpharmacy临床药学cholinesterase胆碱酯酶chronaxia时值chronaxy时值chronic
32、toxicitytest慢性毒性实验chronopharmacology时辰药理学chronosusceptability时间感受性chronotherapy时间治疗cipherprescription协定处方clinicalpharmacology临床药理学coatedtablet包衣片coefficientofdiffusion扩散系数coenzyme辅酶cold-storage冷藏complement补体complementsystem补体系统completeantigen完全抗原complexsolubilizer助溶剂concentration浓度contentuniformity含
33、量均匀度controlledreleasepreparation控释制剂covalentbond共价键crudedrugs生药；天然药物cumulativeurinaryexcretioncurves累积尿排泄曲线cytotoxichexitols己糖醇细胞毒剂dateofexpiration药品有效期desiccant干燥剂detoxication解毒作用dextrorotatoryform右旋体dextrose右旋糖diffusion扩散directedpharmaceuticalpreparations定向药物制剂discontinuoussterilization间歇灭菌法disint
34、egrants崩解剂disintegration崩解度dispensingpharmacy调剂学dissolution溶解dissolvent溶剂dissolving溶解dosage剂量dosageform剂型dosageregimenordoserate给药方案或给药速度dose剂量doseorconcentrationdependency剂量或浓度的依存性dosinginterval给药间隔double-blindtechnique双盲法drugabsorption药物吸收drugaccumulation药物蓄积drugadministrationlaw药品管理法drugbatchnumb
35、er药品批号drugcombination合并用药drugdistribution药物分布drugelimination药物消除drugexcretion药物排泄druginteraction药物相互作用drugmetablicenzyme药物代谢酶drugmetabolism药物代谢drugreaction药物反应drugsensitivetest药敏试验drugstandard药品质量标准DrugStandardofMinistryofPublicHealthofthePeoplesRepublicofChina中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准drugtolerance耐药性drug-indu
36、ceddiseases药源性疾病drug-timecurve药时曲线dryingagent干燥剂EDO最大无作用剂量effect效应effectiveconcentration有效浓度effectivehalt有效半衰期effectiverate有效率effector效应器；效应物electrolyte电解质electrolyzation电解eliminationrateconstant消除速率常数endotoxin内毒素entericcoating肠溶衣entericcontrolledreleasetablets肠溶控释片enterohepaticcirculation肠肝循环enviro
37、nmentalpharmacology环境药理学enzyme酶equivalentlaw当量定律equivalentweight当量essentialaminoacid必需氨基酸essentialdrugs基本药物essentialfattyacid必需脂肪酸ethnopharmacology人种药理学etiologicaltreatment对因治疗excipients辅料excitability兴奋性exotoxin外毒素expirydate药品有效期extravascularadministration血管外给药fataldose致死量fermentation发酵film-coating薄
38、膜衣filteraid助滤剂filtration过滤firstpasseffectofhepar肝首过效应first-passeffect首过效应freezing冷冻gammarays丙种射线gasanalysis气体分析gene基因Genevanomenclature日内瓦命名法gluconeogenesis糖异生作用glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glycolysis酵解grammolecularweight克分子量gram-atom克原子gram-equivalentnumber克当量数gram-equivalentweight克当量g
39、ram-mol克分子gram-molecule克分子growthcurve生长曲线halflethaldose半数致死剂量halflifetime半衰期half-lifeperiod半衰期halogenide卤化物haptene半抗原hemolysis溶血histamine组胺holonzymeandprostheticgroup全酶与辅基hormone激素humoralimmunity体液免疫hydrolysis水解（作用）hyperreactivity高敏性immunoinhibitor免疫抑制剂immunoenhancement免疫增强剂immunogenicity免疫原性immunos
40、uppressant免疫抑制剂implants埋植剂incompleteantigen不完全抗原indirectcarcinogenesis间接致癌individualdifferences个体差异性individualvariation个体差异性industrialpharmacy工业药剂学inhalation吸入法innocuitytestmethod安全试验法intermediate中间体intoxication中毒intracorporalprocessofdrugs药物的体内过程intrathecalinjection鞘内注射intravascularadministration血管
41、内给药isomerase异构酶isotonicsolution等张溶液isotope同位素JanbonssyndromeJanbon综合症lagtime时滞LD100绝对致死剂量LD50半数致死剂量LDO最大耐受剂量leastsignificantdifference最小显著差数lethaldose致死量levorotatoryform左旋体levulose左旋糖lightquantum光量子limitdateofusingadrugafteritsproduction药品使用期LimulusAmebocyteLysateassayforendotoxin内毒素鲎试剂测定法linearcorrelation直线相关liniments搽剂liposome脂质体longtermtoxicitytest长期毒性实验；慢性毒性实验lowdensitylipoprotein低密度脂蛋白lysozyme溶菌酶macromolecule大分子magneticcontrolledreleasedosageform磁性控释制剂magneticmedicinalpreparations磁性药物制剂materia
