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1、课时作业43点与直线、直线与直线的位置关系一、选择题1点(1,1)到直线xy10的距离是()A B C D2已知点A(1,2),B(3,1),则线段AB的垂直平分线的方程是()A4x2y50 B4x2y50Cx2y50 Dx2y503已知直线l的倾斜角为,直线l1经过点A(3,2),B(a,1),且l1与l垂直,直线l2:2xby10与直线l1平行,则ab()A4 B2 C0 D24已知直线3x4y30与直线6xmy140平行,则它们之间的距离是()A1 B2 C D45m1是直线mx(2m1)y10和直线3xmy20垂直的()A充分不必要条件B必要不充分条件C充要条件D既不充分也不必要条件6
2、若点A(3,5)关于直线l:ykx的对称点在x轴上,则k的值为()A BC D7点P是曲线yx2ln x上任意一点,则点P到直线yx2的最小距离为()A B C2 D2二、填空题8已知1(a0,b0),则点(0,b)到直线3x4ya0的距离的最小值是_9直线(2m1)x(m1)y(m11)0恒过定点_10数学家欧拉在1765年提出定理:三角形的外心、重心、垂心,依次位于同一直线上,且重心到外心的距离是重心到垂心距离的一半,这条直线后人称之为三角形的欧拉线已知ABC的顶点A(2,0),B(0,4),若其欧拉线方程为:xy20,则顶点C的坐标是_三、解答题11已知两条直线l1:(3m)x4y53m
3、,l2:2x(5m)y8.当m分别为何值时,l1与l2:(1)相交?(2)平行?(3)垂直?12(1)求点A(3,2)关于点B(3,4)的对称点C的坐标;(2)求直线3xy40关于点P(2,1)对称的直线l的方程;(3)求点A(2,2)关于直线2x4y90的对称点的坐标参考答案一、选择题1C解析:d2B解析:kAB设AB的垂直平分线的斜率为k,由于kkAB1,k2又AB的中点为,故满足题意的方程为y2 (x2)即为4x2y503B解析:l的斜率为1,则l1的斜率为1,kAB1,a0由l1l2,得1,b2,ab24B解析:由直线3x4y30与直线6xmy140平行可得m8,直线6x8y140可化
4、为3x4y70d25A解析:由直线mx(2m1)y10与3xmy20垂直可知3mm(2m1)0,m0或m1m1是两直线垂直的充分不必要条件6D解析:设A(a,0),则AA的中点在ykx上又kAA,k1或故答案为D7B解析:当点P为直线yx2平移到与曲线yx2ln x相切的切点时,点P到直线yx2的距离最小设点P(x0,y0),f(x)x2ln x,则f(x0)1f(x)2x,2x01又x00,x01点P的坐标为(1,1),此时点P到直线yx2的距离为二、填空题8解析:da0,b0,dba11212,当且仅当且1,即a3,b时等号成立9(4,7)解析:(方法一)原方程可化为m(2xy1)(xy1
5、1)0由得直线恒过定点(4,7)(方法二)给m两个随意不同值,把得到的两个方程组成方程组,方程组的解即为定点坐标不妨令m0和m1,得解得直线恒过定点(4,7)10(4,0)解析:AB的中点坐标为(1,2),线段AB的垂直平分线方程为yx,将其与欧拉线方程联立,解得外心(1,1).设C(a,b),则重心,有2与(a1)2(b1)2(21)2(01)210,联立方程得或(不合题意,舍去)即C(4,0)三、解答题11解:(1)当m5时,显然l1与l2相交但不垂直;当m5时,两直线l1和l2的斜率分别为k1,k2,它们在y轴上的截距分别为b1,b2由k1k2,得,即m7且m1当m7且m1时,l1与l2
6、相交(2)由得得m7当m7时,l1与l2平行(3)由k1k21,得1,m当m时,l1与l2垂直12解:(1)设C(x,y),解得故所求的对称点的坐标为C(9,6)(2)设直线l上任一点为(x,y),它关于点P(2,1)的对称点(4x,2y)在直线3xy40上,3(4x)(2y)403xy100所求直线l的方程为3xy100(3)设B(a,b)是A(2,2)关于直线2x4y90的对称点,根据直线AB与已知直线垂直,且线段AB的中点在已知直线2x4y90上,则有解得所求的对称点的坐标为(1,4)高考资源网版权所有!投稿可联系QQ:108459180129C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C
7、91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFEDD1B6C87D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF95AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795A1AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AFC91FE4CE
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11、AFE4CED1B6CD1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF8795AD9C91FE4CED1D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C87D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C8795AD29C91AF5D1B6C8795AD9C91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD91AFE4CED1B6C8795AD9C91FE4CED1B6C879
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