高考英语试题分类汇编——单项选择(完整解析版).doc

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1、2015年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择1. 代词1.【2015天津】2. The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this【答案】A【解析】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教肓质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education,故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。本题考查代词辨祈。代词it, one和that都指代前面提到的名词。2.【2015重庆】2. Th

2、e meeting will be held in September, but _ knows the date for sure.A. everybodyB. nobody C. anybody D. somebody【答案】B 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：会议将在九月举行，但没人知道确切日期。由but表达转折可知没人知，故选B。不定代词的运用要根据题中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。somebody般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody 用于肯定句；nobody表示没人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。3.【20

3、15福建】21. The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but _ contained any useful suggestions.A. allB. noneC. eitherD. neither【答案】D【解析】考查代词。该句中A.all全部；B.none没有一个；C.either两个中任何一个；D.两者都不。根据该句意思：那个研究小组在调査的基础上得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面都没有任何有用的建议。故选D。4.【2015陕西】13. To warm himself, the sailor sat in

4、front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _.A. another B. the other C. other D. either 【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意：为了让自己暖和暖和，这个水手坐在炉火前用一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。因为人有两只脚，一只是one，另一只是the other，故选B。5.【2015四川】Niki is always full of ideas, but _ is useful to my knowledge. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none【答案】D【解析】考查不定

5、代词。A什么都没有、没有东西，不和of连用，故排除； B只可以指人，故排除。C两者都不，与语意不符。项D可指人也可指物，相当于no+名词，故选D。句意：妮基总有很多点子，但据我所知没一个有用。6.【2015浙江】12. How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A. them B. one C. those D. it【答案】D【解析】考查代词。句意：当你正在看一

6、个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？ it作形式宾语，指代后面的句子。2015年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择2. 名词与主谓一致1.【2015安徽】30. There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some _ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】考查名词。句意：现在没必要就给我答复。思考一下，然后告诉我。A思考；B支持；C保护；D权威，当局。这里指让对方再好好想想，故选D。本题考査名词辨

7、祈。要求学生有一定的词汇重，其次，做题时需要结合句意进行综合考虑。根据第一句和and then let me know.可知，没有必要现在就给“我”答复，由此可知是让对方再想想。2.【2015湖北】21. When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his _ and had a bad fall.A. balance B. chance C. memory D. place 【答案】A【解析】考查名词。句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。A平衡；B机会；C记忆；D地方。lose ones balance “失去平衡”

8、。故选A。3.【2015福建】24. The failure was a big _ to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A. blowB. issueC. excuseD. factor【答案】A【解析】考查名词。A打击；B问题；C借口；D要素。句意：这个失败对他来说是一个打击，但是他没有泄气，很快振作恢复了原来的热情。故选A。4.【2015湖北】22. He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out t

9、he secret task. A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure 【答案】C【解析】考查名词。句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来隐瞒自己的身份。A情绪；B才能；C身份；D财富。故选C。5.【2015江苏】32. Some schools will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements【答案】B【解析】考查名词。句意：为了与国家的足

10、球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A判断，决断；B调整；C评价，评论；D成就。故选B。本题侧重考査在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四选项都能跟前面的动词make搭配。因此，除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。另外还可利用固定搭配排除C.make comments on对做出评价评论，缩小正确答案的范围。6.【2015江苏】35. Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _.A. requests B. excuses C.

11、 apologies D. regrets【答案】C【解析】考查名词。句意：Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。我想这样做，但我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A请求；B借口；C道歉；D遗憾，后悔。故选C项。7.【2015浙江】15. One of the most effective ways to reduce _ is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.A. production B. stress C. energy D. passive【答案】B【解析】考查名词。句意：一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人说说你的感受。A产品，B压力，C能源

12、，D力量。考查4个名词的词义辨析，需要正确理解该句的语义。根据常识可以知道，和别人谈心应该来说是减压。故选B压力。8.【2015湖南】27. It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years to achieve.A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致原则。主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：that su

13、ccess _ a sum ofday.的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：often _ years to achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。句意：成功是将每天一点一点的努力积累起来，需要多年的努力才能实现的。记住这些道理很重要。2014年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择3. 介词与介词短语1.【2015重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 _ the average.A. belowB. on C. at D

14、. above【答案】D 【解析】考查介词。句意：去年是有纪录以来最暖和的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。with 的宾语global temperature，宾语补足语above the average(在平均值之上)。below the average 意为“在平均值之下”。2.【2015安徽】33. They believe that there are transport developments _ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.A. out of dateB. out of orderC. around the c

15、lockD. around the comer【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。句意：他们相信这里即将会有带来更好变化的交通发展。A过时；B发生故障；C昼夜不停；D即将来临。故选D。解答本题需结合四个选项的意思和句意综合考虑，由will可知是将要发生的事情，D项表示将来时间。3.【2015福建】22. A common memory they all have _ their school days is the school uniform.A. ofB. onC. toD. with【答案】A【解析】考查介词。A. of表示关于，表示从属关系；B. on表示在之上；C. to表示对于；D.

16、with表示和在一起。该句意思为：他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。故选A。这是词组“have a common memory of.(对有共同的记忆)”的变形，将“a common memory”变成了先行词。4.【2015福建】32. Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live _ nature.A. in view ofB. in need of C.in touch with D. in harmony with【答案】D【解析】考查介

17、词。A由于，鉴于；B需要；C和接触； D与和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，该句意思为：人类的生活被认为是自然的一部分。因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。根据句意，故选D。5.【2015湖北】30. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _ that if you smoked here you would be fined. A. in advance B. in detail C. in total D. in general 【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。句意：这个会议室是

18、无烟区。我想提前警告你：若你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A提前；B详细地；C总计；D大体上，笼统地。故选A。6.【2015江苏】34. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for【答案】D【解祈】考查介词短语。句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存在。A“多亏”，具有很强迷惑性，如将题干改成Thomas Edison； now we can benefit fro

19、m many of the things around us则选A；B不管，不顾；C除了； D要不是，常用于隐藏式(含蓄式)虚拟条件句。故选D。7.【2015陕西】12. The little pupil took his grandma _ the arm and walked her across the street. A. on B. by C. in D. at【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意：这个小学生挽着他奶奶的手臂和她一起穿过了街道。take sb. by the arm挽着某人的手臂，所以选B。8.【2015浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the t

20、rees that are homes _ animals both on land and sea?A. about B. to C. with D. over【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？ home to sth固定搭配“是什么的家园” 意思。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是 trees are homes animals

21、 both on land and sea.根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。9.【2015浙江】10. Most people work because its unavoidable. _, there are some people who actually enjoy work.A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语。句意：大部分人工作是因为工作无法躲避。相比之下，有些人工作是因为的确喜欢工作。根据句意，可知前后是表示对比。A结果，B此外，C相比之下，D总之。“不可避免”表述

22、到无奈，也就是说，很多人不得不工作。后句表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种比较，故选C。10.【2015浙江】17. These comments came _ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语。句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻记者问到的具体问题的回应。A纪念， B回应，C联系，D拥有。分析句子成分知道空格处充当介词短语作状语的作

23、用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。故应选B。2014年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择4. 形容词与副词1.【2015安徽】26. Im so _ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. A. specialB. superiorC. gratefulD. attractive【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意：我对所有的那些志愿者非常感激，因为有了他们的帮助使我原本糟糕的一天终以快乐而结束。A.特殊的；B.优秀的，比好的；C.感激的；D.有吸引力的。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表

24、达感激之愔，故选C项。本题考査形容词辨祈。首先，要理解四个词的意思，其次要结合句意。根据“they helped.”可知，“我”是在表达感激之情。2.【2015安徽】31. They gave money to the old peoples home either _ or through their companies. A. legallyB. sincerelyC. personallyD. deliberately【答案】C【解析】考查副词。句意：他们把钱要么亲自要么通过他们的公司送到那些老人的家里。A.合法地；B.真诚地；C.亲自，当面地，个人而言；D.故意地。根据“or thro

25、ugh their companies”可以判断空白处指的是“亲自”。故选C。3.【2015福建】23. It was _ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.A. carelessB. considerateC. patientD. generous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。A不小心的；B体贴的；C有耐心的；D慷慨的。该句意思为：麦克真是体贴，他通知我们他会迟点来以防我们担心。故选B。4.【2015湖北】27. Even though the conference hall is near his apa

26、rtment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _.A.accurate B.punctual C.efficient D.reasonable 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A精确的；B守时的；C有效率的；D合理的。故选B。5.【2015湖北】28. I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.A. faithful B. parallel C

27、. relevant D. similar【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与平行”；C项“和相关”；D项“和相似”。be relevant to“和相关”。故选C项。6.【2015湖北】29. The girl used to be shy, but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely 【答案】A【解析

28、】考查副词。句意：那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在在团队合作中渐渐地积极起来，(比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。A逐渐地；B通常；C以前；D仅仅。故选A。7.【2015江苏】31. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.A. comprehensiveB. complicated C. conscious D. crucial【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。句意：警方决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A综合的，全面的；B复杂的；C有意识的；D至关重要的。故选A。8.【2015四川】7. A

29、ndy is content with the toy. It is _ he has ever got.A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best【答案】D【解析】考查最高级和比较级。根据上一句话可知，安迪对这个玩具很满意，故选择D。句意：安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他拥有的最好的一个(玩具)。9.【2015浙江】13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mo

30、uths was _ alive.A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently【答案】C【解析】考查副词。句意：就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。A稳定地， B立即地，C先前地，D永久地。在做题的时候，只需要理解最后一句话就可以了was_alive. 根据句意及常识不能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。10.【2015浙江】14. Listening is thus an active, not a _, behavior consisting of hearing, und

31、erstanding and remembering.A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive【答案】D【解析】考查形容词。句意：听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为。它包含听、理解和记忆。A考虑周全的，B敏感的，C可靠的，D被动的。根据not可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。此题的关键是有一个not这是表示否定的，这表明跟前面的active是反义的关系，根据4个选项的意思不难得出答案是 D.被动的。2014年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择5. 动词与动词短语1.【2015天津】10. Tom had to _ the invitation

32、 to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A. turn inB. turn downC. turn over D. turn to【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A上交；B拒绝；C移交；D求助。根据句意可知选B。2.【2015天津】11. If you have any doubts about your health, youd better _ your doctor at once. A. convinceB. consultC. avoidD. affect【答案】B【解析

33、】考查动词。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻咨询你的医生。A说服；B咨询；C避免；D影响。根据句意可知选B。3.【2015天津】14. See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt _ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. A. haveB. makeC. displayD. bring【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。句意：看看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考查动词短语的固定搭配：make

34、 sense有意义。根据句意可知选B。4.【2015安徽】22. If you come to visit China, you will _ a culture of amazing depth and variety.A. developB. createC. substituteD. experience【答案】D【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你来中国旅游，你将会体验到一种博大精深的文化。A.发展，培养；B.创造; C.代替；D.经历。故选D项。本题考査动词辨析。四个选项都是常见的动词，考生不难理解其意思，另外，句意也较为简单，结合句意不难看出是“体验中国文化的深度和多样性”。5.【201

35、5福建】25. It is said that body language _ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.A. lies inB. accounts forC. consists ofD. goes with【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。A在于；B说明、引起；C包括；D相伴。句意：据说体态语言占了第一印象的百分之五十五，而你所说的话只占百分之七。故选B。6.【2015湖北】23. The team are working hard to _ the problem so that

36、they can find the best solution.A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze 【答案】D【解析】考查动词。句意：团队正在努力分祈这一问题一遍找到解决问题的方法。A面对；B阻止；C提出，举起；D分祈。故选D项。7.【2015湖北】24. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to _ that someone was moving about upstairs.A.whisper B.signal C.declare D.complain【答案】B【解析】考

37、查动词。句意：为了不被他人听到，她手指指上面，示意有人正在楼上走动。A低声说；B发信号，(用手势)示意；C (正式)宣称；D抱怨。故选B。8.【2015湖北】25. There is no doubt that this candidates advantage _ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.A.leaves out B.goes against C.lies in D.makes up 【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A遗漏，省略；B违背，和作对；C

38、在于；D编造，组成，化妆，和好。故选C。9.【2015湖北】26. Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will _ sooner or later.A. stand out B. break up C. get out D. turn up 【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语。句意：别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现。A突出；B结束，解散，分；C出去，出版，被泄露；D出现，露面。故选D。10.【2015江苏】22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to

39、 _ to their greatest potential.A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop【答案】D【解析】考查动词。句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A加速，加快；B改善，提高；C表现；D发展。故选D。11.【2015江苏】27. The university started some new language programs to _ the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. hunt for【答

40、案】B【解祈】考查动词短语。句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，以满足国家丝绸之路经济带之需。A向申请，适用于；B迎合，满足的需要，为提供服务；C对有吸引力，呼吁；D猎取，寻找。故选B。12.【2015江苏】29. The whole team _ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多，他很少让他们失望过。A服侍，等；B集中(注意力)于；C指望；D呼吁，拜访。故选C。13.【2

41、015陕西】25. Peter will _ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.A. take up B. put up C. add up D. break up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语。句意：彼得在这个月底将从事旅行社负责人的职位。A拿起，开始从事；B竖立；搭建；C加起来；D结束，分解。故选A。14.【2015浙江】5. Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.A. produce B. pr

42、onounce C. process D. download【答案】C【解析】考查动词。句意：研究已经表明，左右耳处理声音的方式是不同的。A生产或制造，B发音，C处理，D下载。该题考查词义辨析，4个选项的意思都不一样，所以在作答时，要每个单词都代入空格进行翻译，找出最佳答案。根据常识，耳朵不能生产或制造，不能发音，更不可能下载。所以答案只能是处理，即C。15.【2015浙江】16. If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to _ on the sea?A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split【答案】

43、A【解析】考查动词。句意：如果钢重于水，那为什么船可以浮在水面上？A漂浮，B淹死，C收缩，D洒出。此题考査的是4个动词的词义辨析，正确理解这4个动词及结合常识可以得出答案。16.【2015浙江】7. Body language can _ a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.A. take away B. throw away C. put away D. give away【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语。句意：肢体

44、语言在很大程度上可以暴露你的情绪。所以手折起来站着，表示你是有防范的。A拿走；B扔掉；C放好；D泄露，而且和send out同义。该题考査动词短语搭配，这是动词加副词的搭配，其中四个副词都是一样的(away)，不同的是动词，正确理解四是个搭配其实只需要理解四个动词即可。17.【2015浙江】11 . We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or _ our emotions than for straight facts.A. block off. B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. come across【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。句意：与毫无渲染的事实相比，我们更容易记住那些能使我们感官兴奋或者感染我们情绪的事情。A封锁，阻挡， B吸引，有感染力，C订阅， D遇到。该句的句式用到了一个比较句式及一个定语从句，看来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句。所以our emotions表达是跟前面excite our senses(让我们激动)意思相同，根据句意不难得出答案是B。2014年高考英语试题分类汇编单项选择6. 动词的时态和语态1.【