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1、2010届高考英语（阅读理解）题库1阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。AThe British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals
2、.Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are
3、charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which s
4、erves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitalsmany of which were built in the nineteenth centuryprovide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical sta
5、ff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of
6、some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more
7、easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.56. We can know from the first paragraph that _.A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for ev
8、erybodyB. people didnt have to pay for health care since the NHS was set upC. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers57. What do we know about the NHS?A. Its managed by the central government.B. Its cost is mainly
9、paid for by the National Insurance contributions.C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.58. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _.A. take care of the local peoples hea
10、lthB. often take part in competitions to see who is the bestC. work under high pressure nowadaysD. have more responsibilities than before59. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?A. sufferingB. different C. preventedD. free60. The biggest problem for the NHS is _.A. many hospitals are
11、 too old to be usedB. some services are in the charge of individualsC. more and more patients go to GPs for treatmentD. there is not enough money for further reformBPRINT PRODUCTION MANAGER WANTEDA well-known printing company, now well established in the UK and in the Far East, wishes to set up a ma
12、nufacturing base in Europe. An experienced manager, responsible to the Production Director, is required to assist in setting up the department and will then take charge of the day-to-day work.The successful applicant will have had experience of modern methods and machines especially in the printing,
13、 multicolour work and finishing processes, he / she will have had at least three years experience in cost-effective management. A good working knowledge of English is essential.We offer excellent pay and prospects, with 4 weeks holiday a year plus public holidays, a company car, and a company pensio
14、n scheme(养老金制度).Interviews will be arranged in the nearest city to applicants home. Write, with CV, to the Personnel Manager, Box 32507, Daily News, Kemsworth Street, Comston.United Kingdom SG186 37AH.ASSISTANT PRINT PRODUCTION MANAGERAn internationally recognized printing company is seeking to set
15、up a manufacturing plant in Europe.We are appointing an assistant (male or female) to our Print Production Manager.The job-holder will carry out duties involving the buying of paper and of finishing equipment, will liaise (联络) with the supervisors of the various production lines, and will assist the
16、 Production Manager.At least three years experience on one or more lines as well as supervisory experience is needed.A working knowledge of English is required to communicate with colleagues in the UK.We offer excellent pay, prospects, holidays, pension scheme, sick pay, etc.Write to the Manager, Bo
17、x 3526.Broad Street, Northby, Millshire BK 57PX.61. Both the printing companies _.A. are well-known all over the worldB. require at least three years experienceC. offer excellent pay and sick payD. prefer to hire a man manager62. According to the first advertisement, the applicant living in a small
18、village will _.A. get in touch with the Personal Manager by telephoneB. get the result on TVC. be interviewed in a cityD. write to Box 3526 to get more information63. We can infer from the two advertisements that _.A. the companies want to do business in Europe and Far East.B. cars are necessary for
19、 the successful applicants.C. the companies havent got telephones to save money.D. applicants should write to the company first.CBEIJING, Nov. 26U.S. dollar hit another record low against the euro on Friday, with the European currency climbing above $1.32 for the first time. The green-backfellto its
20、lowest in nearly five years against the yen the same day. By 1943 EST, the dollar was trading at US$1.3265 per euro, compared with US$1.3270 in thin late New York trade. It was at 102.55 yen, little changed from New York after touching 102.37, a level not seen since March 2000, in London. Japanese F
21、inance Minister Sadakazu Tanigaki repeated his warning against dollar weakness, threatening to take action against sudden moves, but market participants said such verbal intervention (口头干涉) had long lost its clout.Traders were expecting market liquidity to remain thin on Friday because of the extend
22、ed U.S. holiday. In such thin trading, many said a fall in the dollar past 102 yen and US$1.33 per euro was a real possibility.Referring to recent currency movements as “brutal”, European Central Bank chief Jean-Claude Trichet, who is the most vocal European policymaker on dollar weakness, is due to
23、 make comments in Rio de Janeiro, along with ECB council member and Spanish central bank governor Jaime Caruana. Introduced in 1999 as the common currency for 12 European countries, the euro initially(最初) dropped against the dollar but has risen some 60 percent since hitting an all-time low of 82 U.
24、S. cents in October 2000.64. What does “the green-back” refer to in the first paragraph?A. U.S. dollarB. Another recordC. The euroD. European currency65. How did Sadakazu Tanigaki feel about dollar weakness?A. ExcitedB. PuzzledC. worriedD. Disappointed66. The underlined word “brutal” probably means
25、_.A. crueltyB. help C. criticismD. apology67. According to some people, it was possible for the dollar to trade _.A. at 1.3265 per euroB. at 1.32 per euroC. at 1.3270 per euroD. at 1.331 per euroDA black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces (
26、熔炉) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.After the explosion gravity pu
27、lls in whats left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so dense that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds.The more the star shrinks, the stronge
28、r the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black
29、hole is born!Thats what we know about black holes. What we dont know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.But if the black hole doesnt keep shrinking, what
30、happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a “white hole” in a different universe. As the black hole swallows l
31、ight, the white hole shines brightlysomewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time many years in the past or future.Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed. So far the time being, black hole
32、 must remain a mystery.Black holes are a mysterybut that hasnt stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earths energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a bl
33、ack hole could some day be used to swallow earthly wastea sort of huge waste disposal(处理) in the sky!68. When the star begins to die _.A. there is no fuel left in itB. its outer layer goes into space firstC. a huge explosion will happenD. it doesnt give off light any longer69. Which of the following
34、 doesnt help produce a black hole?A. The gravity inside the star is very strong.B. The light cant go out of the star.C. The star becomes smaller and smallerD. The dying star shines very brightly. 70. The black hole _.A. continues becoming smaller and smaller all the timeB. goes into another universe
35、 and becomes a white holeC. can pull in everything we know of in the worldD. will appear at another place at a different time71. Whats the best title for this passage?A. A New Scientific Discovery: Black HolesB. How Do Black Holes Come Into Being?C. What Are Black Holes?D. Travel Through A Black Hol
36、eEAnti-bird flu contingency (意外事故) measures, including a proposal to separate poultry from humans and a series oftraffic and logistics (后勤) measures will be discussed at the Legislative Councils Food Safety and Environmental Hygiene Panel meeting next month. Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food Dr
37、 York Chow says the contingency plan would come into force if an outbreak occurred near Hong Kong.Speaking on a radio talk show this morning, Dr Chow said the separation of poultry from humans policy, which will be determined after a decision whether to set up a central slaughtering (屠宰) house or se
38、veral regional ones,would be based on thedemand for live chickens.He pointed out that at present therewere 30,000 live chickens imported from the Mainland and 30,000 supplied locally. If this demand persisted, therewould beno central slaughtering house or wholesale point that could handle such an am
39、ount and regional slaughtering housescouldbe the choice.He added that building of regional slaughtering houses took time, but stressed the need to study the views of the public and the sector before a final decisionwas made.Regarding avian flu vaccination (种痘) for humans, Dr Chow said itwas still be
40、ing developed.He added that it may not be reliable in the case of an outbreak as records show vaccination can only offer 5% protection against a virus.He said Hong Kong had more experience and expertise than neighbouring territories in the fight against viral outbreaks, andwas willing to offer them
41、help.He addedtherewas no “boundary” for infectious diseases and close cooperation among different countries had to be maintained to fight against a possible outbreak.72. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.A. the government is planning to take strong action to fight against bird fluB.
42、 an outbreak which happened near Hong Kong made people very frightenedC. anti-bird flu contingency measures will come into use next monthD. Dr York Chow will organize a meeting to discuss the contingency plan73. According to the passage, the best way to fight against bird flu is to _.A. separate pou
43、ltry from humansB. set up a central slaughtering houseC. set up several regional slaughtering housesD. get avian flu vaccination74. When the final decision will be made mainly depends on _.A. the demand for live chickensB. the views of the publicC. the advice from expertsD. the time when regional sl
44、aughtering houses will be finished75. Which of the following statements isnt Dr York Chows opinion?A. Hong Kong is better at dealing with viral outbreaks than its neighbours.B. Infectious diseases could happen in any country.C. Other territories should ask Hong Kong for help because it has more expe
45、rience.D. Cooperation is quite necessary when danger is coming.参考答案5660 CCBDD6165 BCDAC6670 ADCDC7175 CAABC56. C 细节理解题。根据最后一句可知。建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。57. C 细节理解题。根据第4段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe”可知。从第二段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。58. B 细节理解题。根据最后一
46、段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。59. D 猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。60. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知。61. B 细节理解题。结合第一则广告“he / she will have had at least three years experience”和第二则广告“At least three years experience on”可知。62. C 细节理解题。根
47、据“Interviews will be arranged in the nearest city to applicants home.”可知。63. D 推理判断题。根据两则广告的联系方式可知。64. A 推理判断题。前面讲的是美元贬值，所以此处的green-back应该指的是美元。65. C 推理判断题。日本财政部长反复警告美元贬值，并威胁说要采取行动抵制突如其来的变化，由此可见他非常担心。66. A 猜测词义题。根据上文日本财政部长的反应及下文Jean-Claude Trichet所要采取的行动可判此项正确。67. D 细节理解题。根据第五段可知。68. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二
48、句可知。69. D 细节理解题。D项是黑洞形成前的现象。70. C 根据倒数第二段“Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed.”可知。其余三项都是科学家们的猜测。71. C 主旨大意题。题目的选择应具有高度的概括性、强烈的针对性及一定的醒目性。首先可排除A项，因为黑洞早已不再是新鲜的话题。B、D两项只是短文的两个方面。72. A 推理判断题。根据预防禽流感的一系列措施可判断政府对此非常重视，正计划采取行动抵制禽流感。73. A 推理判断题。根据前两段的第一句话可知。74. B 细节理解题。第4段中提到“but stressed the need to study the views of the public”，可见政府非常重视听取公众的意见。75. C
