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1、Unit 2Robots【美文阅读】Robotic age draws closer随着科技的发展，机器人时代的到来已经指日可待了。These days，robots are more common than you might think.Consider the Roomba，a robotic vacuum(吸尘器)which cleans floors on its own.“We wanted to make something simple that people could use every day，”says Greiner，cofounder of IRobot，the c
2、ompany that makes the smart vacuum.“And thats what inspired us to build the Roomba.”Some robots like the Roomba are already very common in many US households.IRobot makes everything from the Roomba to robots that someday might become a part of us.“You can have robotics equipped into your body，to get
3、 back that arm or leg that youve lost，either in some accident or disease，”says Greiner.Although robots have been developed mainly for military(军用的)applications，civilian uses for the technology are growing，according to Michael Toscano，president of the Association for Unmanned(自控的)Vehicles Internation
4、al.“Unmanned systems allow human beings to do their task with an extension of their hands，their eyes and their ears.”“We can put them in the ocean and theyll swim for eight or nine months，collecting data and monitoring ocean pollution，”says Hudson of IRobot.Recently the US Governments Defense Advanc
5、ed Research Projects Agency(DARPA)displayed a“robotic man”Instead of depending on remotecontrol，DARPAs“robotic man”can actually look at some blocks，find one with a special pattern，and move it to a new location.Mandelbaum，DARPAs project manager，says more challenging tasks lie ahead.Some day，a DARPA r
6、obot might find a hidden bomb or help a disabled person select a shirt and button it.To advance the technology，DARPA plans to let members of the public write software for the“robotic man”，then sign onto the Internet and watch a model of“robotic man”perform the task.Its one of the ways that robots wi
7、ll help humankind to extend its reach.【诱思导学】1What does the company IRobot do according to the passage?_2What can you imagine the robot will do for us in the future?_【答案】1.It makes the smart vacuum.2.略Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课
8、文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元话题是“机器人”、 “科幻文学作品”、 “科幻小说作家”。内容主要涉及著名的科幻小说作家艾萨克阿西莫夫的生平简介和他所创作的有关机器人的科幻小说。可以向学生介绍机器人的制造、种类、功能等，再让学生分组列表，把自己所熟悉的科幻文艺形式(科幻故事、电影、电脑游戏、电视剧、卡通)写出来，并进行简单交流。目的在于让他们了解科幻文学作品的一些基本特征和写作方法，自己尝试写简单的科幻小说，并学会欣赏这些优美的文学作品。 (教师用书独具)新课导入建议首先让学生列举机器人与我们日常生活之间的联系和它给我们带来的便利和不利处。然后通
9、过分组讨论教材第10页的三幅图画，回答图画下面的三个问题，为下面的阅读做好铺垫。 老师要尽量给学生自主学习的时间和空间，通过自学、自做、自悟、自助等方式，让学生更好地体会和理解文章的内容。教学流程设计导入新课学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第18页)。学生就“美文阅读”进行讨论，统一答案。学生再次阅读课文(课本第 1112页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第19页)。师生共同讨论并统一答案。让学生快速阅读课文(课本第1112页)，并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第19页)。学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第 1112页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写
10、”(见学案第19页)。老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第20页)。学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第19页)。老师布置作业，让学生看课本并完成课本第12页1、2、3题，预习学案Period (见学案第20页), 写一篇简单的想象类作文。.篇章结构阅读文章，然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3词)TitleSatisfaction GuaranteedEventA household robot was going to be 1._ by Claire.ProcessWhen she first
11、saw the robot，she felt 2._.Claire thought it was 3._to be offered 4._ by a robot.As a 5._ Tony helped Claire make herself smarter and her home more 6._.Claire was 7._by the women at the party.ResultTony was just a 8._.She shouted“9._ me alone”and cried all night because she had 10._ in love with him
12、(the robot).【答案】1.tested out2.alarmed3.ridiculous4.sympathy5.favour6.elegant7.envied8.machine9Leave10.fallen.语篇理解阅读P1112的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案1From the text we can infer that both Claire and Gladys were _.AenviousBconfidentCgenerous2What kind of robot was Tony according to the text?ATony is ug
13、ly and active.BTony is elegant and unambitious.CTony is capable and helpful.3What happened to Tony at last?AHe was bought by Claires friend.BHe continued doing the housework.CHe was taken away.4Who did Claire turn to for help when a salesman was rude to her in the shop?ATony.BHer husband.CThe manage
14、r of the shop.5Why should Tony be rebuilt according to the text?ABecause he harms people who are beautiful.BBecause we cant let women fall in love with machines.CBecause he is too frightening.【答案】15ACCAB.课文缩写用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写 A household robot called Tony was taken home by Larry Belmont so that he
15、 could 1._.He wanted it to 2._ his wife，Claire，when he was absent on business.Seeing Tony，Claire felt 3._ by his handsome appearance.On the second morning，when Tony brought her breakfast and asked whether he could help dress her，Claire felt embarrassed.When she told Tony her trouble，Tony showed 4._
16、for her and promised to do her a(n)5._.He did her hair and redecorated her house；they were completely 6._.Then he asked Claire to invite Gladys and her friends to a party that was to be held the night before he was to leave.Suddenly，Tony folded his arms around Claire and 7._ that he didnt want to le
17、ave her.Her guests all happened to see the scene.Claire felt very proud 8._ by the other women.But she remembered that Tony was only a machine，so she was sad and wanted to 9._.The next morning，Tony was taken away.We cant have a woman 10._ a machine.【答案】1.test it out2.accompany3.alarmed4sympathy5.fav
18、our6.transformed7.declared8to be envied9.be left alone10.falling in love with.词义搭配1desireAthe good feeling that you have when you have achieved sth.2satisfaction Bthe feeling of being sorry for sb.3alarm Ca thing that you do to help sb.4sympathy Dto make someone feel worried or frightened5elegant Ea
19、 strong hope or wish6favour Fto say sth.officially or publicly7accompany Gto travel or go somewhere with sb.8declare Hbeautiful，attractive or graceful【答案】1.E2.A3.D4.B5.H6.C7.G8.F.短语填空in favour of；ring up；have sympathy for；or rather；protect sb.from.；test out；leave sb. alone；turn around1It strikes me
20、that nobody is _ the changes.2He is in a temper today，so _.3After Boeing(波音公司)had the plane built，it was _ thoroughly.4A man who often _ others will be done favour to.5Some women especially enjoy passersby _ to see them.6My classmate _ me _ saying that the school football team had had three victorie
21、s this month against other schools.【答案】1.in favour of2.leave him alone3.tested out4.has sympathy for5.turning around6.rang；up.句型背诵1On the second morning Tony, wearing_an_apron,_brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.第二天早晨，托尼系着围裙，给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣。2It_was disturb
22、ing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。3How awful to_be_discovered by her.被她发现了，这多么难为情啊4What a sweet victory to_be_envied by those women!被那些女人羡慕是多么甜美的胜利！5It_was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.也就是在这个时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。Pe
23、riod Warming Up & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。3通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次地理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。4通过对本课文的理解，要求学生根据自己的想象描述一下未来的机器人会为人类做哪些工作。因此，只要学生们留心观察、感悟人生，就会产生创作的灵感，把学习与学生的日常生活结合起来， 以提高学生的书面表达能力。教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确
24、使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议It is known that many different kinds of robots appear in our daily life, and they help people do various work.Now I want to ask to say some kinds of work that robots can do for us. (老师让同学说说机器人为人类所做的工作)。教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第20页)进行讨论
25、，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生再次阅读课文(课本第1112页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第26页)。布置作业。让学生完成课本第13页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第26页)。1desire n渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs
26、and desires？(教材P10)你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和欲望吗？There are several things that I desire to say.有几件事我想讲一下。have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事desire that.渴望(从句中谓语动词用should动词原形，其中should可以省略)desire sth.希望得到；想要She has a strong desire for knowle
27、dge and wants to go to college very much.她对知识有强烈的渴望，很想上大学。We all desire happiness and health.我们大家都想要幸福和健康。The teacher desired that all the exercises (should)be handed in before school was over.老师要求所有作业放学前交上来。【提示】当desire后接同位语从句、表语从句或者宾语从句时，that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气should动词原形，且should可省略。He has a desire that h
28、is books should reach as many people as possible.他有一个愿望，即他的书能够被尽可能多的人阅读。My desire is that I should come to China again soon.我的愿望是能很快再来中国。同义句转换He desires success very much.He _ very much.He _ success.He _ succeed.【答案】desires to succeed；has a strong desire for；has a strong desire to单项填空It is everybody
29、s desire that every effort _ to reduce the pollution in our city.Awas madeBbe madeCwill be made Dwould be made【解析】句意：大家的愿望是要尽一切努力来减少我们城市的污染。desire后跟同位语从句时要用虚拟语气，即(should)动词原形，every effort与make之间为动宾关系，故选B。【答案】B2satisfaction nU满意；满足C令人满意的事物satisfaction guaranteed (教材P11)包君满意It is a great satisfaction
30、to know you are well again.获悉你身体康复非常欣慰。He agreed with me with satisfaction.他欣然同意了我的观点。to sb.s satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb.令某人满意的是with satisfaction满意地satisfy v满足，使满意satisfied adj.满意的(修饰人)be/feel satisfied with.对感到满意satisfactory adj.令人满意的(修饰物)satisfying adj.令人满意的Im satisfied with my job.我对我的
31、工作很满意。The girl satisfied her mother by winning the first prize.那个女孩得了一等奖，她妈妈对此非常满意。satisfactory/satisfiedsatisfactory“令人满意的”，常用来修饰事物。satisfied“满意的”，常用来修饰人。His performance was far from satisfactory.他的表现远远不能令人满意。The lady leaving just now is a satisfied customer.刚刚离去的女士是位满意的顾客。翻译句子我们对试验结果感到满意。_他的工作令人满意
32、。_你的成功让我非常满意。_【答案】We are satisfied with the outcome of the experiment.His work was satisfactory.Your success gave me great satisfaction./Im very satisfied with your success.3test out 试验；考验It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife，Claire.(教材P11)这项试验将由拉里的夫人克莱尔来尝试。They tested out the new cars before
33、 they put them on the market.他们对新车进行了充分检验，然后将它们投入市场。This new switch mechanism hasnt been fully tested out.这种新开关装置尚未经过充分检验。test sb.on sth.就某事(物)测试某人test sth.on sb./sth.在某人/某物身上做试验test sb.for sth.为某事检查某人test paper试纸，测验的试卷have/take a test进行考试They have decided to test the medicine on cats.他们已决定在猫身上试验这种药
34、。Mr.Li will test us on grammar next week.下周李老师要测验我们语法。完成句子长跑比赛考验游泳者的耐力。The long race _ the swimmers endurance.我奶奶上周接受了心脏病检查。My grandma _ last week.【答案】tested outwas tested for heart disease4alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n警报；惊恐However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.(教材P11)然而当她初次见到机器人的时候，她害怕了。H
35、e was one of the first scientists to sound the alarm about the destruction of the Amazon rainforest.他是最早对亚马逊雨林遭到破坏而发出警报的科学家之一。in alarm惊恐地sound the alarm发出警报alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的be alarmed at/by被吓一跳；因而恐慌be alarmed to do.做感到恐慌alarming adj.令人担忧的；令人恐慌的“Whats up？”he asked in alarm.“出什么事了？”他惊恐地问道。Were much
36、alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火令我们大为恐慌。【助记】She was alarmed at the sudden alarm.突如其来的警报让她惊恐万分。完成句子A small boy saw the smoke and _(发出警报)_(我们感到惊恐)the news that war might break out.He jumped up _(惊慌地) at the sight of the snake.【答案】sounded the alarmWe were/felt alarmed at/byin alarm用alarm的正确形式填空I
37、am rather _ to hear that you are planning to leave the company.I dont want to _ you，but there is a strange man in your garden.The rainforests are disappearing at an _ rate.“What have you done？”Mary cried in _.【答案】alarmedalarmalarmingalarm5On the second morning Tony, wearing_an_apron,_brought her bre
38、akfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.(教材P11)第二天早晨，托尼系着围裙，给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣。句中有两处现在分词(短语)，其中wearing an apron 作方式状语，修饰brought；dressing作时间状语，修饰needed，相当于when she dressed。Talking and laughing, the children walked one by one into the classroom.孩子们有说有笑地走进了教室。Going down town I met
39、a friend.我到市区时遇到了一个朋友。【提示】现在分词作状语为历年常考项目，高考主要从以下方向命题：(1)与过去分词、不定式作状语的区别；(2)分词的逻辑主语和主句主语一致的问题；(3)分词的时态与语态问题。【对接高考】(2013北京高考)_the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level.AFind BFindingCTo find DFound【解析】题干的意思是：发现这门课程很难，她决定转向难度低一些的课程。本句的主语为she，与find之间为主谓关系，要用现在分词短语作状语，故正确答案为B项。考生可能会受
40、思维定式的影响而选C项，理解成动词不定式作目的状语。由语境可知，此处不是为了发现这门课程很难，故C项不正确。分析清楚主语与非谓语动词之间的关系是解题关键。【答案】B完成句子The students came in，_(跟着他们的老师)They burst into laughter _(看到这个滑稽的电影)【答案】following their teacherseeing the funny film6It_was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.(P11)机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。句中it是形式主语，真正的主
41、语是that he looked so human。动词不定式、动名词和从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放到句末。Its possible that some of the professors may not think much of it.有些教授可能会对它评价不高。Its no use talking to her.和她说没用。it作形式主语的常见结构如下：Its a pity/a shame/good news/an honour/a good thing that.Its strange/natural/surprising/true/funny/wonderful
42、/likely/possible that.It seems/happened/suddenly struck me that.It is said/reported/announced/expected/arranged that.It is doubtful/not decided/not made clear/to be decided/a question连接代词或连接副词引导的从句It doesnt matter/doesnt make too much difference连接代词或连接副词引导的从句It seems that Lao Wus idea is more practi
43、cal.看起来老吴的意见更实际一些。It happened that I wasnt there that day.恰巧那天我不在那里。 【教师备课资源】it作形式主语可代替的成分还有：it作形式主语可以代替主语从句、动词不定式、动名词等，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。例如：Its a pity that she refused to accept the suggestion.真遗憾，她拒绝接受这个建议。Its no use complaining about it.抱怨是没有用的。Its very important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。【对接高考】(2012江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether BwhereCwhich Dthat【解析】考查it的用法和固定句型。句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It occurs to sb.that.意为“某人突然想到某事”，其中it作形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。其他选项没有此用法。【答案】D(2013陕西高考)It remains to be seen_the newly formed committees poli
