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1、Unit 15 Learning 语法讲座 虚拟语气().用所给词的适当形式填空1If I had time, I would_attend (attend) the meeting.2If you had_taken (take) my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 3If it were_to_rain (be, rain) tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.4If Tom had studied hard before, he would_be (be) a college no
2、w.5He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would_have_known (know) about it.6Had you come (come) earlier, you would catch the first bus.7If he had_not_been (not be) ill, he would done something to help us.8If I were (be) a bird, I would fly in the sky.单项填空1(2010陕西高考)If we_ the other road,
3、we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.Atake Bhad takenCtook Dhave taken解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我们走了那条路的话，我们能及时到达这里赶上会议。所填词作虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用“had过去分词”形式，选B。答案：B2 Did you make it at last? Yes.But for your help, it _ a serious loss.Awould cause Bmust have
4、 causedCwould have caused Dmay cause解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：“你们最后成功了吗？”“成功了，要不是你的帮助，我们的损失就大了”。but for .“要不是”，此处引起一个含蓄的条件，从而构成一个含蓄虚拟条件句。答案：C 3If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, we _ there by now.Awould be BareChave been Dhad been解析：句意：如果不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话，我们现在就到那里了。本题为错综时间条件句，从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，但主句与现在
5、情况相反，故选A项。答案：A4 Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I _ late yesterday. Dont mention it.Ashould be Bwould beCwill have been Dwould have been解析：考查虚拟语气。从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用wouldhave done。第一句句意：谢谢你提醒我时间，不然昨天我就迟到了。答案：D5(2010安徽高考)Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he _.Awas busy Bis busyCha
6、d been busy Dwill be busy 解析：考查虚拟语气与时态。句意：Bob昨天会帮助我们的， 但他太忙了。前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态，所以选A。答案：A6If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould followChad followed Dwould follow解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要是他接受了我的忠告的话，他就不会失去了工作。根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。答案：C7_，
7、 he would have been fired.AHad he lied to the bossBDid he lie to the bossCIf he has lied to the bossDIf he lies to the bass解析：句意：如果他对老板撒了谎，他会被开除的。由主句的would have been .判断，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，谓语应用had done形式，条件从句省略if，应把had提到句首形成倒装。答案：A8This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year,
8、 we would repair it at our expense.Awould BshouldCcould Dmight解析：句意：这种打印机质量优良。如果它在第一年中出了毛病，我们将无偿维修。这是在条件句中对将来情况的虚拟，用should动词原形。答案：B9But for their help, we _ the program in time.Acan not finishBwill not finishChad not finishedDcould not have finished解析：考查虚拟语气。but for相当于without，可以用if引导的非真实条件句替换。由句意可知，这里表达的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以用could nothave done，表示“过去不可能做了某事”。答案：D10_ anyone call, please tell him Im not free.AMust BCanCMay DShould解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：如果有人给我打电话，就告诉他我很忙。第一个分句是省略了if的虚拟条件句，补充完整为：If anyone should call，please tell him Im not free.当if 省略时，句子要倒装，故D项正确。答案：D
