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1、高三英语专项练习（完形填空）一、为什么学生普遍认为完形填空是一种比较难的题型？1.完型填空是一种综合性很强的题型。它全面考查学生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括识词能力、阅读能力、理解能力和进行逻辑推理和判断的能力。2.完形填空要求在四个选项中确定一个最佳答案，其他三个是干扰项。这三个干扰项通常不一定是错误的，而是不适合其所在语篇的特定的语言环境。近年高考题中的完形填空题越来越偏重对学生识词能力的考查。学生只有明确每个选项所表达的意义，才能找出最佳的判断。3.完形填空所考查的内容多集中在名词、动词、形容词和副词等实词上。学生选择答案时，要结合文章中出现的具体人物或事件，根据文章所提供
2、的时间、地点和语境去体会人物的动作和情感，只有这样才能作出正确的判断。二、做完形填空应从那几方面入手？ 1. 首先要对文章的语言表达形式和文章的措词与作者的意图有一个全面的了解。有的同学或是急于求成，总想“一步到位”，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，没有通览全文就匆匆忙忙边读边填，结果是就句论句，就空填空，无法形成连贯的思路，或是“见木不见林”，导致自己的理解偏离了文章的主旨，欲速则不达。浏览全文是要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who,when,where,what.完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境；因
3、此要一定认真阅读这句话。例如： Dear Laura,I just heard you tell an old story of giving unselfish love in your program. You doubted whether such unselfish love would happen in todays world. Well, Im here to give you 36(hope) . (2005年北京卷)通过文章开头的几句，我们可以对全文的内容做出大致的推断，对全文进行比较准确的定位，即：本文是书信，信的作者写信告诉Laura一个无私奉献的故事，消除她的疑虑，
4、为她开始她的节目一个信心上的支持。Jenkins was a jeweller,who had made a large diamond ring worth 57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop.从这句话我们可以知道文章的主人公是一个jeweller，而且文章与 diamond ring 有关。Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next?这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热胀冷缩的物理现象有关。It
5、was my uncle who taught me how to box.这是一个强调句。句子强调了uncle（而非他人）teach me how to box.Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady who lived with her only son John in a smell house.这里应注意对Ella Fant 的两点描述：一是middle-aged，二是lived with her only son.按照常理，她会对独生子非常钟爱。另外，要给文章进行准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时还要注意一下文章的结尾，首尾结合起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
6、因为有些文章到最后才点出出乎意料的结局，揭示生活的哲理。只有读懂了故事的结局，吃透了文章深处所含的哲理，我们才能对文章进行准确定位。如：I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 48(wanted) . “Well,” he said, “that man was a detective. He 49(followed) you here because he thought you were the man he 50(was looking for) .” “What?” I said, showing
7、my 51(surprise) . The owner continued, “He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I 52(must) say he looked very much like you! Of course, since we know you, we told him that he had made a 53(mistake) .” “Well, its really 54(lucky) I came to a restaurant where Im known,” I sai
8、d. “ 55(Otherwise) , I might have been in trouble. （2005年全国卷）文章一开始讲述作者在饭馆里吃饭，发现有人盯梢，作者十分困惑。直到最后，餐馆老板“道破天机”，原来盯梢者是个侦探，他把“我”错当成了罪犯。直到结尾，我们才知道作者是在讲述自己生活中的一场“虚惊”。所以，只要我们抓住文章的主旨大意，围绕着主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会取得事半功倍的效果。抓住了大意，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的题目就会迎刃而解。2.根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词语与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简
9、单地互译命题者深知我们在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查我们的基本功和灵活运用语言的能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的“语感”，不要受母语的影响。“I think its every young journalists 44 to be a foreign reporter,” says Michael Nicholson, “thats 45 you find the excitement.” （2005年湖北卷）44.A. belief B. dream C. duty D. faith45. A. why B. what C. when D.
10、where仅凭汉语思维，我们可以理解成为一个战地记者是每一个记者的责任，而选duty, 而正确的理解应该是他们的梦想。后面一句我们根据汉语思维我们很可能理解为“而这正是你觉得刺激的东西”而错选为 “what”, 但此处是一个由where 引导的定语从句，意思是“在其中你能找到刺激”。3.试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。三.具体操作中应注意的问题1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词和句。这些词有时可能是同义词和反义词。例如：1）Traveling _, today becomes yesterday; travelling west ,it is tomorrow.
11、A. southB. eastC. northD. west这是两个句式相同的并列句，可以根据第二句来确定第一句的内容。 yeaterday 与tomorrow相对，所填的词应与west 相对，因此答案是B。2) Many old people dont have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.A. hearingB. healthC. eyesightD. time句中与cant watch TV信息有关的词是eyesight， 因此答案是C。3) Some pa
12、rts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very _.A. deepB. highC. coldD. dangerous.根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案是A.4)Someone had taken the _ diamond and put a faulty one in its place.A. realB. pureC. rightD. exact这里连词 也表示一定意义的转折，所填的词应与faulty 相对，因此答案是A.5) Mrs. ONeil asked
13、 _ questions. and she didnt scold us either.A. noB. certainC. manyD. moreand是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。6 (1 the wallet , found in the street, be put into a pocket _ turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or returned
14、?1) A. ShouldB. MustC WouldD. Need2)A. and B. orC. thenD. but这两个句子句式完全相同，很容易在第二句中找到第一句所缺的词，答案分别为should 和or。2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。 例如1) The city （Washington）was named _ George Washington, the first president of the United States.A. byB. forC. asD. afterbe named aft
15、er 意为“以。命名”，答案为D。2）Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself _ so much money.A. forB. byC. toD. of表示“自取，随便拿“这个意义的短语是help oneself to 故答案为C.3) They can build oyr bodies, prevent us _getting too fatA. offB. awayC. fromD. in短语prevent sb. from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”. 因此答案是C.4)It was 4
16、 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _ tea at the time.A. cookingB. makingC. burningD. serving“沏茶“的英语表达是make tea， 答案为D。5)It wasnt long _ the police caught the thief.A. beforeB. sinceC. untilD. when“不久”的英语表达是 It isnt long before. 答案为A.6. Behind the dancer there was a woman _a large di
17、amond ring.A. carryingB. dressing C. wearingD. holding表示“穿着。带着。”用动词wear,答案为C。7.They are properly guided to use the knowledge _.A.seenB.noticedC. learnedD. metknowledge 只能通过learn来获得，因此答案为C。3。注意同义词的辨义1）Soon I heard a _ like that if a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.A. soundB. cryC. voiceD. sho
18、ut选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案为A.2)The boy was _ the water and his canoe was _ away.1)A. onB. withinC. inD. under2)A.runningB. floatingC. flowingD. pulling这句话描写的是一个孩子落水的情景。考虑到当时的情景，第一空应填in;第二空的选项中B和C容易混淆。float 意为漂浮，flow意为“流动”，根据句意，答案应选B。3)”Give me a hand,”he shouted
19、_ he got near the boat.A. whileB. tillC.forD. as四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D.表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。4)It was a pleasant way of passing the time for and old woman who lived _.A. lonely B. aloneC. awayD.busilylonely 和alone意义相近。lonel
20、y 是“孤独”的意思，alone指的是“独自一人的”。这里应选B，意思是“一个人住的老太太。”5)The back door and the windows were all closed and there was no _ of forced entry.此句意为后门和窗户都锁着，而且也没有破门而入的迹象。scene意思是“风景”，sign 的意思为“痕迹”，sight为“景色”因此答案为C。6) Jenkins was a jeweler, who had made a large diamond ring worth 57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery
21、 shop. When I was ready, he made a copy of it which looked exactly like the first one but worth only 2,000. This he took to the shop, which _ it without a question.从句后的without a question 可以知道，这家商店最终还是收下了，因此应在选项A和B之间进行选择。accept表示主观上接受，receive指客观上的收到.答案应选为A。7)There is nothing really new about _in exam
22、s.A. lyingB. cheatingC. guessingD. discussing指“考试中作弊”用cheat,lie指“撒谎”答案应选B8)”Get up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, go to our _ at the counter. Well be opening in a few minute.A. businessB.jobC. placeD. spot选项C和D都有地点的意思，但place指particular space occupied by someone or something; spot的意思是particular place.因此答案
23、为C.4. 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词1)And video cameras can be used to _ peoples actions at home.A. keepB. makeC. recordD. watch 句中动作的发出者是video camera ，因此答案是 C，意思是“记录”.2) The watch, which Mrs Smith had _ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.A. seen B. droppedC. foundD. laid从句中可以看出，手表是Mrs Smith 的，为讲课
24、方便，她把表放在桌上，所以不能选A 和C 。 因此答案是D.3) When the papers were _she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collectedB. completedC. markedD. answered句中she 指老师，paper指试卷。老师给试卷打分，因此答案为C.4) Japan is an island country and its 1 go all over the Pacific looking for the fish to
25、 2 .1.A. fishing boatsB. lifeboatsC. planesD. trains2. A. buyb. catchC. holdD. weigh只有fishing boat能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此空1 答案为捕鱼用动词catch,空2答案为B.5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。1) and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange _ quite pleasant taste.A. besidesB.butC. andD. or句中stra
26、nge和pleasant 两词的词意是矛盾的，所以答案应选转折连词but.2) A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry _,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. YetD. Sometimes句子前一部分说的是transistor radio 的好处，后一部分还说的是好处。因此答案为A，表示除此之外，还。”3) It has been many years since I was last in Lo
27、ndon, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. forC. butD. as根据句前的many years 和后句的still remember,答案应选表示转折的连词but.4) At first nothing happened, suddenly a large rat rushed out of the holdA. thenB. and C. orD. so句子开头有At first,后面就应该用then 表示时间顺序。5)_ solids expand much less th
28、an liquids or gases, the small increases can add up to a lotA. AlthoughB. IfC. BecauseD. After这句话的意思是“虽然固体不如液体和气体膨胀得厉害，但把小的量加起来也不小了。”所以应用although来引导这个让步状语从句。6） The other girls rushed 1 me. I felt 2.（ ashamed ） as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest 3 I
29、had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line. When I finished, I heard a cheer- 4. louder than the one Id heard earlier.1. A. from behind B. ahead of C. next to D. close to3. A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项1) (Imme
30、diately,) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the _ hospital.A. animalB. biggestC. plantD. nearest在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D.2) , You 1 the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day _2_ .1 A. crossB. seeC. are onD. are stopped by 2. A. is coming B.
31、 beginsC. is discoveredD. is inventedthe international line 是”国际日期变更线“，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为A和B.3) “Dont be afraid, “ he said and started to swim towards the river bank, _ the boy with him.A. pushingB. draggingC. holdingD. catching根据下水救人的常识，答案为B。4) The space is left to let the rai
32、l expand(膨胀) when it gets _. A. hotB. wetC. coldD. dry根据热胀冷缩的原理，答案为A.5) But the ring had fallen off and been damaged in the great _ of the fire.A. pileB. heatC. powerD. pressure真金不怕火炼，假的宝石戒指被火烧坏了。答案为B.6)It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, headin
33、g towards their _.A. jobsB. homesC. housesD. offices从early morning in summer和sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly可以得知人们是赶着上班去的；但上班的人们不一定都在office工作，因此答案应选A.7) There, 1,350 feet above the street, a _ figure was walking on air.A. great B. strangeC. publicD. tiny从地面看，人在一千多英尺高的地方应该是很小的，答案为D.8) A slave
34、named Androcles once escaped from his master and fled to the ark_. As he was wandering about there, he came upon a lionA. streetB. parkC. forestD. field根据常识和所提供的选项，能遇到狮子的地方只能是forest.9）I had seen an agency advertised in a local newspaper. I rushed out of the 1 in search of it. I was wildly excited, a
35、nd as 2 as if I were going on the stage.1. A. bed B. house C. agency D. office2. A. proud B. pleased C. nervous D. worried四、练习.基础练习1. Many Africans are very _ and so they cant afford to eat much meat with their cereal.A. healthyB. poorC. richD. weak2. These floating things are very _. It is hard to
36、see them.A. bigB. fastC. small D. dangerous3. Many people know that their companies watch them _ work.A. inB. offC. atD. for4. Some people in India do not eat meat or fish _. A. after all B. in the endC. at allD. no longer5. He 1 his words but I didnt 2 him well. 1) A. spokeB. toldC. repeatedD. shou
37、ted2) A. listen toB. hearC. rememberD. react to6. He then thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there. Just for _, of course.A. jokeB. funC. playD. exercise7. Washington, D.C. _ between Virginia and Maryland on the Potomac River.A. lays B. liesC. stays
38、D. seats8. The brain then has to decide what to do, and _ its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on.A. sendB.sendsC. reachD. reaches9. He 1 lost his job as a postman 2 he sent off all the letters he should have taken to peoples houses.1) A. thusB. evenC. onceD. only2) A. even ifB. so th
39、atC. becauseD. though10. Hands up _ get out.A. orB. andC. butD. to11. The earth _ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.A. givesB. is drawnC. is dived into D. shows12. Switzerland is famous for its watches. However, this country didnt _1_ the watch. It was the British who _2_ it.1) A. discoverB. se
40、llC. makeD. invent2)A. madeB. bought C. didD. produced13. We had just _1_ t o Holliswood, New York. We had our own house for the first time. It had some land around it, even _2_. One, in particular, was a great blue spruce (云杉) that must have been 40 feet tall.1）A. come B. leftC. gotD. moved2) A. ya
41、rdB. fieldC. flowersD. trees14. Now liberal education has a great effect on the world. Much work has been done to _1_ better ways of teaching. Students are _2_ to have their own thoughts and their own ideas when they have lessons, which are often held in the form of group discussions.1) A. masterB.
42、findC. makeD. hold2)A. orderedB. encouragedC. usedD. driven15. An old friend of mine from abroad, whom I was expecting to stay with, telephoned me from _1_ telling me that he had arrived. I was still _2_ at the time, but I had made arrangement for his arrival.1) A. the bus stopB. the airportC. his h
43、omeD. a post office2)a. at workB. at homeC. having my lunchD. on my way home16. When I returned to the hotel, I was _1_ out; but I couldnt sleep because I _2_ hearing the fire and police sirens (警笛) during the night. I lay awake and thought about the big and interesting cityNew York.1) A. givenB. le
44、tC. wornD. broken2) A. keptB. lovedC. enjoyedD. continued1.B 2.c 3.c.4.c.5c,b 6.b 7.b 8.b 9.a,c 10.b11.c 12. d,c 13.d,d 14.b,b 15.b,a 16.c,a 英语完形填空练习及答案Jane raced onto the train platform and asked a porter, “Is this the train to Rochester?”“Yes,” said the porter. “but only the Hey! Wait.” He was too _1_ .Jane had raced off_2_ he had finished speaking.She had just _3_ herself in a seat when the train_ 4_ out of the station. Ja
