广联达操作规范及注意事项(经验总结).doc

《广联达操作规范及注意事项(经验总结).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《广联达操作规范及注意事项(经验总结).doc（22页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、广联达操作规范及流程（2012版）目 录1 总括22 工程设置33 钢筋构件绘制5 3.1 轴网 5 3.2基础5 3.3柱 5 3.4砼墙6 3.5梁 7 3.6板 8 3.7砌体墙 9 3.8档水、压顶9 3.9 单构件 9 3.10 检查94图形装饰绘制 105 工程量的输出与归档 136 软件中常用快捷键 147 操作中常见问题解答161 总 括1.1 软件使用整体流程 1.2 针对不同的结构类型，应采用不同的绘制顺序，对不同结构类型，推荐的绘制流程如下：剪力墙结构：剪力墙门窗洞暗柱/端柱暗梁/连梁；框架结构：柱梁板；框剪结构：柱剪力墙板块梁板砌体墙板块；砖混结构：砖墙门窗洞构造柱圈梁

2、。1.3 根据结构的不同部位，推荐使用的绘制流程为：首层地上地下基础。2 工程设置2.1 工程名称栏中“计算规则”必须先根据设计图说明明确03G还是11G，因目前广联达建图后11G与03G之间不能互相切换，故第一步应准确设置。2.2 “汇总方式”中应设置为“按外皮计算钢筋长度”，需清楚清单计算规则为按图示尺寸计算，设计图中图示了构件的几何尺寸和保护层厚度，而保护层的定义为受力主筋外皮到构件边的尺寸，故应按外皮计算钢筋长度。2.3 工程信息栏中显示为蓝色字体的信息必须按设计图准确设置。2.4 比重设置栏中应将直径为6的钢筋重量调整为直径6.5的钢筋重量即0.2604881kg/m。2.5 计算设

3、置中常需调整软件默认设置的项如下：2.6 计算设置中需注意的问题：2.6.1 钢筋根数的计算应按默认设置为“向上取整加1”而不应为“四舍五入加1”，因为必须保证不大于设计间距（设计给出的是最大间距值）。2.6.2 梁下部纵筋及侧面通长筋应按默认设置为“遇支座连续通过”不应调整为“遇支座断开”，应遵循能通侧通的原则，钢筋在支座处搭接锚固对支座是削弱的，接头越少对结构的破坏就越小。2.7 节点设置中常需调整软件默认设置的项如下：剪力墙中2.8 楼层设置中应根据设计图修改砼标号、锚固值、保护层厚度，将搭接值调整为0。2.8.1 在楼层设置中需注意的问题：楼层设置中的基础层：是指在软件中绘制基础构件的

4、楼层，实际工程中没有基础层的这个概念。基础层的层高是指基础底标高至上一楼层底标高之间的高度，如图：在基础层需注意的是无论基础层层高有好高，柱箍筋均只计算了柱在基础插筋锚固区内的箍筋数量的，基础顶标高以上的柱箍筋已并入在首层柱箍筋量里。3 钢筋构件绘制在定义各构件时为方便快速提量应将各构件根据清单项按名称区分如：，最后提量时根据图形软件中查看同名构件工程量来快速汇总提量。绘制各构件需注意的事项：3.1轴网3.1.1 无CAD图时绘制轴网一般会用到的功能：设置插入点、旋转点、修改轴号、修改轴号位置，两点辅轴。3.1.2 如用识别轴网则在识别完轴网后一定要用测量两点间距检查轴网的间距是否与图上标注的

5、尺寸一致。3.2基础3.2.1 承台识别时往往标高识别有误，正确的修改方法为：在定义界面修改标高后再到绘图界面按名称批量选择承台将其调整为另一个承台后再调整回来。3.2.2 在设置柱墩时必须在其他属性中根据设计图设置是否扣减筏板面筋或底筋，如之前忘记调整，布置完构件后再来调整则应在绘图输入界面选中所有构件在属性中调整。3.3柱3.3.1 对于不能识别的异形柱绘制时可用两功能来快速绘制，布置异形柱钢筋时无边线的位置的纵筋时应用“对齐”命令来准确定位纵筋的位置，否则会影响箍筋的量。3.3.2 对于顶层的柱我们需记得判断其边角柱这会影响钢筋的搭接与锚固，钢筋软件中有自动判断边角柱的功能。3.3.3

6、注意广联达中不会自动根据图集判断柱箍筋是否全高加密：柱净高与柱截面长边的比值4时，箍筋沿柱全高加密，如设计图中存在此情况应手动调整柱箍筋间距。3.4砼墙3.4.1剪力墙结构的绘制顺序为：先绘制墙体，再绘制暗柱，暗柱一般用自适应绘制的方法来做，这样的话速度比较快速。剪力墙结构的识别顺序为：先识别平面图中的剪力墙，再识别柱大样图中的柱大样（然后再调整好钢筋配置），然后再识别柱平面图。3.4.2绘制时有柱的地方应该也绘制上墙体，（如果只画至暗柱边，剪力墙的水平筋均计算弯折，而正确的计算应是外层钢筋连续通过内侧钢筋计算弯折）这样不仅仅保证钢筋的计算正确，更保证了导入图形当中布置装修计算的准确,在布置砌

7、体墙时均应贯通柱布置。3.4.3剪力墙布置完后应仔细检查设计说明中是否在剪力墙上还设置了暗梁，不要忘记了布置暗梁，暗梁的类别中新增了边框梁，用来处理工程中遇到的剪力墙中的边框梁，布置时应该严格根据类别修改软件属性编辑里的梁类别，以保证计算的准确性。3.4.4 软件中如果暗梁布置了侧面纵筋，则剪力墙的水平筋就不再计算，根据图集06G901暗梁侧面纵筋应为剪力墙水平筋连续布置，故剪力墙暗梁侧面纵筋在暗梁属性中不应输入，软件才会按墙的水平筋连续布置计算。3.4.5 剪力墙钢筋内外侧不一样的情况，软件怎么处理？外侧钢筋输在前，内侧输在后，中间用加号连接3.4.6剪力墙钢筋钢筋隔一布一的布置情况输入方式

8、3.4.7 当剪力墙的钢筋按下图设计时，在软件里不能将图中的大箍筋布置在暗柱里，而应布置为剪力墙的水平筋，再在其他钢筋里输入箍筋与水平筋锚固的差值，如果该大箍筋在暗柱里布置了剪力墙里只布置竖向受力筋的话就不能计算其拉筋的量。另外对于图中双层钢筋直径级别不同时如一层为A10200二层为C10200,在软件里则可以用另外一种不用的级别钢筋来输入如N10100来布置。3.4.8 布置剪力墙时应注意根据设计图对以下钢筋进行录入，避免漏算该部分钢筋3.5梁运用广联达软件必须正确的选择梁类型，各梁的图示如下：3.5.1在框剪结构中，框架梁应画至剪力墙的端部锚固，以剪力墙为支座锚固laE而不能画至柱边。3.

9、5.2设计图中有时连梁与框架梁标注有误，我们在布置时应准确判断，连梁与框架梁的区别是：连梁的箍筋是通长加密不分非加密，洞口跨高比小于5应设计为连梁，大于5的设计为框架梁，双洞口处连梁布置时应拉通布置这样箍筋跟受力筋才是贯通布置计算的。3.5.3在布置连梁的时候需注意根据设计图调整连梁的顶标高，软件默认为“洞口顶标高加连梁高度”，否则会影响过梁的量。3.5.4 相同楼层梁复制上去后，必须再批量识别梁支座。3.5.5在所有梁及楼板布置完后记得生成梁侧面钢筋。3.6板3.6.1布置板时应注意检查板厚与板名称是否对应，有时会忘记调整属性中的板厚，飘窗板的布置应采用按相对标高（即层底+*或层底*分）分别

10、建立好顶板及底板后复制到其他楼层，飘窗侧板有时设计图上注明的为构造柱，此时我们应用剪力墙构件来布置将名称取为*构造柱，最后按名称提量，这样布置方面导入图形里布置抹灰，如用构造柱布置则还要布置上砌体墙后才能布置抹灰，飘窗处框架梁上节点也应用剪力墙布置，如为连梁抬起标高，则在该连梁处应布置上砌体墙才能计算到抹灰。3.6.2布置板钢筋前检查计算设置中是否按图设置分布筋的配置及负筋标注长度位置的设置。3.6.3布置完板钢筋后运用查看受力筋布置情况，检查板受力筋是否漏布置3.6.4板负筋的布置可自动识别板负筋再修改，这样更快速，布置完后应检查板筋标注位置的设置是否（支座内边线还是支座外边线）与设计图示说

11、明稳和.3.6.5布置跨板受力筋时应手动根据设计图纸范围调整布置范围。3.7 砌体墙砌体墙应根据设计说明分材料名称及部位布置，方便最后提量，应记得根据设计说明配置砌体通长筋或砌体加筋。3.8 用水房间档水应用圈梁（注意调整其标高）布置不宜最后手算，能用软件布置的尽量用软件布置，压顶也应用圈梁布置这样方便计算钢筋量。3.9单构件输入适用于楼梯钢筋的布置及其他零星钢筋不能布置的如：楼板转角处附加钢筋、隔墙下加筋及梁洞口加筋。3.10在导入图形前需仔细检查好模型（经复核人复核后）特别是构造柱及过梁的布置要到位，避免导入图形后两边都来调整，能布置的构件均应布置在模型里。4图形装饰绘制4.1 有标准层的

12、工程可单独只导标准层及非标准层来布置装饰单独存个装饰工程，方便最后快速计算提量，图形构件如砼等量应在钢筋模型复核完后导入全部楼层提量。4.2将钢筋工程导入图形时，不应将暗梁导入，如导入后还要单独加上该部分的量归为剪力墙或板，提量时有时会忘记。4.3导入钢筋工程后必须进行合法性检查，调整检查出的问题。4.4计算规则设置中应修改外部墙及内部墙构造柱及圈梁部位钢丝网的计算方法设置为计算钢丝网。最后钢丝网的量应用报表里钢丝网总长的量剩以设计图中钢丝网的总宽。4.5智能布置垫层后应在垫层绘图界面内自动生成土方来准确布置土方，注意在设置里按设计图调整好室外高差。4.6在布置装饰时，楼地面、墙面、踢脚、天棚

13、等应按设计做法表中的名称来命名，名称后加主要材质如：内1（腻子）、内2（涂料）、内3（面砖）、地1（水泥砂浆）、楼1（卷材防水）等这样可以根据各房间做法来反检查房间是否布置正确，布置有保温的内墙面应定义为内1（保）、内2（保）不应用软件里专门的保温命令来布置，其计算有误。新建房间时每个房间均应单独建立如：厨、卫、客、卧、走道、前室、电梯间等，预防设计做法调整后单独提量。4.7在布置完房间后必须三维检查墙面天棚是否布置漏，因为软件常会出现房间布置起了，但部分墙面或天棚并未布置上。4.8在布置楼梯间房间时楼梯与楼层板平台楼面应单独来布置，根据楼梯计算规则，应分楼层板楼面面积及楼梯面积计算，楼梯面积

14、不应包括楼层板楼面面积。4.9某些结构上的构造柱是不需要计算马牙槎的，导入图形后需调整该构造柱的设置。4.10在设置防水上翻高度时，矮墙高度不足上翻高度如飘窗处，此部位的防水高度时候要进行单独设置立面高度，否则防水要多算，在防水的汇总表上软件中的“水平防水面积”是指地面平面面积+上翻高度小于500mm的量（在软件中称为“立面防水面积小于最低立面防水高度”），而软件中的“立面防水面积大于最低立面防水高度”是指防水上翻高度大于500后的所有上翻的量，在提量时注意正确提取。4.11 护窗栏杆等可用自定义线分名称布置。4.12布置外墙面砖或抹灰时，阳台处梁侧面及挑板侧面软件不能布置，应记得手算，独立梁

15、装饰面积计算可选中该梁在属性中半将“是否计算单梁装修量”设置为是。4.13 在布置阳台栏板时不应用软件里的栏板来布置，而应用砌体墙来布置，如用栏板布置不能计算抹灰的量，此时如再在栏板上布置砌体墙来代替栏板，砌体量不会扣除栏板的量从而易导致砌体多算，故栏板应用砌体墙布置。4.14软件里的抹灰必须要布置墙后才能计算，如未用墙布置的构件需计算抹灰的需记得单独手动计算。4.15块料踢脚线软件中的清单工程量有误未扣门洞的量，应用定额工程量里的块料面积。5 工程量的输出与归档5.1 应在按“工程量”“分类查看构件工程量”“设定范围（全选）”“设置分类及工程量” 如砼可按砼标号统计，设置完成后导出所有报表，

16、以后每次更改都以本次报表为最终出量底稿以方便最后查量归档。6 软件中常用快捷键俯视图Ctrl+Enter批量选择构件图元 F3 全屏 Ctrl+5绘制点式构件时，水平翻转 F3绘制点式构件时，上下翻转 Shift+F3 绘图和定义界面切换 F2显示跨中板带 F6改变点式构件插入点 F4 合法性检查 F5 三维/二维切换 Ctrl+3/ctrl+2 缩小 Ctrl+I放大 Ctrl+U汇总计算 F9 三维楼层显示设置 F8查看构件图元钢筋量计算式 F11 构件图元显示设置 F12，点击构件前面的复选框，通过打上或去掉“”，可以控制当前图层中是否显示该构件和构件名称，点击“确定”完成操作显示隐藏C

17、AD 图 F10 查找图元 Ctrl+F 选择所有构件图元 Ctrl+A 动态输入关闭开启 Ctrl+Q 动态输入时切换输入框 Tab上一楼层 Ctrl+下一楼层 Ctrl+-待添加的隐藏文字内容37 操作中常见问题解答部分7.1、软件中跨板受力筋和负筋的区别？跨板的钢筋应该用什么来定义和绘制？答：在软件中，跨板受力筋和负筋的布置范围不同，其次是马凳筋的计算方法不同。负筋位置的马凳筋按照负筋属性中的排数计算，输入几排就计算几排。跨板受力筋的马凳筋，除了计算左标注和右标注范围的排数外，所跨过的板的位置，会按照受力筋的马凳筋计算方法计算马凳筋的个数。所以，跨板钢筋应该按照跨板受力筋来定义，这样马凳

18、筋的计算才和实际情况相符。7.2 A、如果基础连梁遇到所有的独立基础上部钢筋都需要锚入，则可以在框架梁的计算设置中进行调整，如下图：B、如果基础连梁只是遇到部分独立基础上部钢筋需要锚入，则可以在绘图界面-梁图层-【绘图】菜单下选择【设置上/下部纵筋遇承台】： 7.3问：GGJ2009中，二层柱子到三层截面变小，有一部分钢筋不能真接伸上去，需要在当前层锚固，软件如何处理？答：对于不能伸到上层的柱钢筋，在其前面加“*”表示：此钢筋在当前层锚。例如二层的角筋4B25到三层由于截面变小，有两根钢筋不能正常伸上去而要截断，我们可以输入：*2b25+2b25，上一层钢筋会自动下插1.5lae。7.4问：框

19、架梁中的架立筋如何输入？答：有两种输入方法：1）、新建梁构件时，在梁上部通长筋位置输入，如：2B25+(2B12)，2B25是通长筋，2B12是架立筋。2)、在梁的原位标注里面输入，在梁的跨中钢筋位置输入(2B12)。这里要注意的是：在梁属性里输入的架立筋是针对整条梁的，在原位标注里输入的架立筋只是这一跨的。7.5问：GGJ2009中，女儿墙上构造柱钢筋正确的计算设置?答：构造柱画上之后，如果下层有梁软件会默认按梁上柱来处理,会计算出插筋,插筋和角筋会有一个搭接长度,实际这个搭接长度是不需要的,而是直接伸入下层一个锚固长度,软件处理时需要在构造柱的属性编辑中将“插筋信息”改为纵筋锚固即可。7.

20、6问：GGJ2009中，当保护层厚度设计两侧不同时,如迎水面是40内侧是25,在软件中应如何填写保护层厚度？答：输入内外侧的平均厚度。7.7问：GGJ2009中，板底筋图纸给出的钢筋信息为：A8/A10200,我该如何绘图？答：软件中，分别建两个受力筋：A8400,A10400，画到图上即可。7.8同一跨梁中若有不同的箍筋原位标注，如何计算和设置? 答：原位标注编辑如：A8100(2)2000;A10200(2) 6000; A10100(2)2000。Employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and emplo

21、yees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You

22、can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must

23、 make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from

24、 one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking a

25、bout making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the c

26、ase. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might

27、be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up the

28、re Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told

29、BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also or

30、dered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing

31、 a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life traje

32、ctory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my chil

33、dhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni i

34、n peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again sto

35、od on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句

36、点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is

37、clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself gi

38、ve oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just

39、rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗

40、的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no prec

41、ipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the c

42、ruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space

43、 at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be lik

44、e diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches

45、 the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph