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1、教师学科教案 20 20 学年度 第_学期 任教学科：_任教年级：_任教老师：_xx市实验学校(英语)选修八第二单元教学设计Unit 2 CloningI教学内容分析本单元的中心话题是“克隆”，涉及克隆哺乳动物、克隆的历史和是否能够克隆已经绝种的动物所引起的争议等话题。Warming Up部分呈现一组图片，引入有关克隆的话题，要求学生回答有关是否能区分自然与人工无性繁殖克隆的问题，激发学生对克隆话题的兴趣，既能集中学生的注意力，又为他们学习本课话题做准备。因为这部分的问题比较有趣，所以能调动学生讨论的积极性，达到热身的效果。Pre-reading部分要求学生讨论有关克隆的问题，看学生对克隆有多
2、少了解，对这个话题学生想知道什么并有什么启示。这样可以激活学生的背景知识和思维，为下面的阅读文章做铺垫，并培养学生的想象力和判断力。Reading部分介绍了植物与动物克隆之间的区别、多莉羊的诞生与死亡以及由此引发的争论。通过阅读，在训练学生的阅读方法和技能同时，帮助学生进一步认识克隆的意义在于为人类服务。Learning about Language部分突出了词汇和语法的学习与训练。本单元的语法是掌握并运用同位语从句及同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别。Using Language部分中包括了读、讨论和写、听三个部分的内容，通过学习“恐龙回归”的阅读材料，了解是否能克隆已经绝种的动物和讨
3、论哪一种动物是最值得克隆及其理由，然后写成一份报告。听说部分是听一段关于克隆是否对动物残忍的对话并进行讨论，该部分可以激发学生的想象力和语言运用能力。 Learning Tip教导学生要提高英语口语能力，需要长时间地听英国或美国人朗读的磁带，并大声跟读。 I教学重点和难点1. 教学重点(1) 本单元的生词和短语；(2) 熟练掌握同位语的用法；(3) 了解什么是克隆、克隆的利弊及对克隆技术的反思； (4) 进一步熟悉和运用有关接受与拒绝、表扬与鼓励、不关心的表达方式。2. 教学难点(1) 了解克隆技术以及有关的争议； (2) 学会发表评论和表达自己的看法；(3) 学写有关表达观点的文章。II教学
4、计划本单元建议分六课时：第一课时：Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending第二课时：Learning about Language (1)第三课时：Learning about Language (2)第四课时：Reading, discussing and writing (Using Language) & Reading task (Workbook)第五课时：Listening and speaking (1) (Using Language) & Listening task (Workbook)第六课时：Listening a
5、nd speaking (2) (Using Language) &Writing task (Workbook)Period 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading & ComprehendingTeaching Goals: 1. To arouse Ss interest in learning about cloning2. To learn about the procedure of animal cloning and the life of Dolly the sheep3. To develop Ss some basic reading ski
6、lls.Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Leading-inPurpose: To activate Ss and arouse them to want to know about cloning.Look at the following pictures and have a free talk.1. Do you know the name of the most famous sheep and how it is different from other sheep?Suggested Answer: Its name is the Dolly sheep.
7、 It was cloned while the others were born naturally. It is the copy of another sheep. 2. What is cloning? Suggested Answer: Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.Step 2. Warming Up Purpose: To lead Ss to the topic of this unit through the discussionTo get Ss to look at
8、the pictures and discuss how they differ Suggested Answer: The first picture shows “identical dogs”. The smaller of the two dogs must be a man-made clone of the larger one. The other picture is about human twins. They are identical in sex and appearance and are good examples of natural clones. Step
9、3. Pre-reading Purpose: To arouse Ss interest in the text and encourage Ss to predict the content of the text.1. Get students to discuss what the passage talks about and how they understand the meaning of the title “Cloning : Where is it leading us?”2. Ask Ss to talk about the following questions.(1
10、) What is cloning? (2) How is a clone produced? (3) Whats the function of cloning?(4) Whats the effect of the cloning?Suggested Answers: (1) A clone is a group of cells or organisms that are genetically identical and have been produced asexually from the same original cell. They include natural and
11、man-made clones(2) he cloning of plants is simple and relatively easy. It can bee done by taking cuttings (man-made cloning) or letting the plant produce its own runners (natural cloning) . The cloning of animals is more complicated. It was not achieved until 1996 and is fully explained in the first
12、 reading.(3) It is possible to use cloning to cure serious illnesses, and help infertile people have babies.(4) People may want to clone themselves so they can live forever. People may want to clone dead children. People may want to clone their favorite pets.Step 4. Fast readingPurpose: To get Ss to
13、 get some useful information.1. Ask Ss to listen to the text and try to get the main idea of the text. 2. Ask Ss to read the text quickly and answer the following questions.Suggested Answer: (1) How many female sheep participate in the cloning of a new sheep?Three sheep. Suggested Answer: (2) How ma
14、ny major uses does cloning have and what are they? Cloning has two uses. One is to produce commercial quantities of plants and do research on new plants species and medical research on animals.Step 5. Intensive readingPurpose: To get Ss to get a brief understanding of the text.Ask Ss to read the tex
15、t carefully and then decide which statements are true or false. (1) Cloning is a new topic. (2) When a gardener takes cuttings from growing plants to make new ones, we say the new ones are natural cloning. (3) Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. (4) Dolly the sheep was the first suc
16、cessful clone of a mammal (5) Scientists were very excited to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. (6) People s opinions on cloning were different. Suggested Answers: (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) T (5) F (6) TStep 6. HomeworkAsk Ss to surf the Internet to find more infor
17、mation about cloning and prepare to present it to the class in the next class. Period 2 Learning about Language Teaching Goals: 1.To get Ss to have knowledge of the grammar point: the apposition and appositive clause.2.To enable Ss to know the differences between the attributive clause and the appos
18、itive clause. Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Leading-in (1) Ask Ss to look at the following sentences and then find out the similarities.1. The news that our womens volleyball team had got the first place made all of us excited.2. The fact that our earth is round is known to us.3. I have no idea when w
19、ell set off. (2) Get Ss to find out all the clauses in the reading text.Part3 Line 1: The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.Part3 Line 2: The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Part3 Line 2:Then came the disturbing
20、 news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Part3 Line 6: Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.Step 2. Grammar point1. 概说英语里同位语也是一种名词修饰语，单词、短语和从句都可用作同位语，最简单而又常见的同位语是位于所修饰的先行词之后，用来说明身份、职务、称号等的名词或名词短语。下面就从同位语的引导方式、同位语的构成来谈谈英语同位语。 2. 同位语的构成 (1) 名词及其短语（有时
21、有逗号隔开） George Bush，the present American president，was the governor of the state of Texas (2) 动名词短语（有逗号隔开） He enjoys the exercise，swimming in winter (3) 不定式短语（有时有逗号隔开） There is one thing hell never dotell lies (4) 形容词及其短语（有逗号隔开） He，short and thin，is unfit for the job (5) 介词短语（有时有逗号隔开） As the head of
22、the company，he had to explain what had happenedHe，the head of the company，had to explain what had happened (6) 名词性从句（其前面的先行词一般都带有定冠词the）。这样的先行词有fact，news，truth，knowledge， idea，hope，question，problem，assumption等。例如： You have yet to answer my question whether you can lend me your bike 3. 同位语从句和定语从句都放在被
23、修饰词的后边，从形式上来看，它们十分相似。从以下几个方面来谈它们的区别。 (1) 从句所修饰词的不同。同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如belief , doubt , fact , hope , idea , news , possibility , thought , order , suggestion , wish , answer , information , conclusion , decision , discovery , knowledge , law , opinion , problem , promise , proof , question ,
24、 report , truth , risk 等。定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。例如： He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实，过渡饮酒对健康有害。(同位语从句) This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。（定语从句） (2) 连接词的作用不同。连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether 和 how 可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作
25、用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as，than, but 等。 The news that he wants to get is whether he will be sent to the countryside.他所想得到的消息是他是否将被派往农村。(定语从句，关系代词that作从句get的宾语。) Do you have a doubt whether she will be dism
26、issed from school? 你怀疑她是否能被学校开除吗？(同位语从句) I have no idea how his parents were sad on hearing that their son was killed in the earthquake. 我不知道他的父母一听到他在地震中阵亡是多么悲伤！(同位语从句) (3) 从句作用的不同。定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点，对先行词起修饰、限定作用，描述先行词的性质或特征，与先行词之间是所属关系。同位语从句具有名词的特点，对中心词作进一步补充解释，是中心词的具体内容。例如： The man that you saw just
27、now is my bother. 你刚才看到的那个人是我的弟弟。(定语从句) The suggestion that the meeting be put off proved right.推迟会议的建议证明是正确得。（同位语从句） (4) 正确理解和使用同位语从句，还应注意以下几点： 分隔同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其先行词被其它成分分隔开来，这种分隔主要出于修辞原因，即为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。 The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheeps clothing . 真相终于大白了，他原来是只披着羊皮的狼
28、。 在某些名词后的同位语从句中，其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式：（should） + 动词原形。常见的名词有advice , idea , order , demand , plan , proposal , suggestion , request 等。例如： The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted . 采纳了在这里修建一座新桥的建议。 同位语从句的先行词往往没有复数形式。例如： 他要来教我们英语的消息昨天我就听说了。 （正）The message that he would teach us English
29、 reached me yesterday . （误）The messages that he would teach us English reached me yesterday . Step 3. PracticePurpose: To get Ss to know how to use the appositive clause1. Get Ss to fill in conjunctions and tell which sentences are apposition clauses and which are attributive clauses (1) Word came _
30、 our army had won the battle. A. that B. what C. why D. which (2) The fact _ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why (3) The news _ he heard yesterday surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when (4) The next thing _ must be done is to make a plan.A. what B. tha
31、t C. why D. when (5) I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ (6) This is the problem _we are going to discuss.A. if B. that C. whether D. how(7) The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that (8) I will never forget the first day _ I spent i
32、n the country.A. when B. which C. what D. that(9) You have no idea _ anxious I was.A. How B. which C. what D. that(10) He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when Suggested Answers: (1) A 同位语从句 (2) A 同位语从句 (3) B 定语从句 (4) B 定语从句 (5) A同位语句 (6) B 定语从句
33、(7) D同位语从句 (8) D 定语从句 (9) A 同位语句 (10) A同位语从句Step 4. Homework Ask Ss to make some sentences including an apposition.Period 3 Reading, discussing and writing(Using Language) & Reading task (Workbook)Teaching Goals: To get Ss to learn more about cloning. To get Ss to think about the development of the
34、cloning. Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Reading, discussing and writing (Using Language)1. Leading-in( Purpose: To lead Ss to the topic and arouse the Ss interest in reading.)Ask Ss to discuss the following questions.(1) Do you like dinosaurs? Where have you seen them? Can you see them in our real life
35、? Why?(2) Do you think it is possible to clone dinosaurs? Why?2. Fast reading(Purpose: To get a brief understanding of the text.)(1) Ask Ss to read the text in two minutes and try to get the main idea of the text.(2) Ask Ss to discuss the following questions and then answer them in pairs. Why should
36、nt you clone an extinct animal unless there is enough diversity in the group? Why is it wrong to clone an extinct animal if it would have to live in a zoo? Why cant you clone the DNA of animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years? 3. Intensive reading (Purpose: To get Ss to have some det
37、ails in the text.)(1) Ask Ss to read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to complete each sentence. Who are interested in cloning fierce and extinct wild animals? A. Film makers B. Ordinary people C. Film makers and ordinary people D. No one We are a long way from being able to clone ex
38、tinct animals because _. A. scientists are not experimenting with cloning mammals B. the cloning of mammals is not difficult C. scientists have not succeeded in cloning any mammals D. the cloning of mammals is a new field The cloning of mammals began seriously _ A. 1950 B. 1996 C. 1n the ninety cent
39、ury sixty years D. in the twenty century fifty years What is the meaning of diversity in a group ? A. It means passing on the ability to resist that disease to their children B. It means having animals with their genes arranged in different waysC. It means all of them would be left to continue the s
40、pecies if there is a new illness D. It means all of them might die of the same illnessSuggested Answers: C D D B Step 2. Reading task (Workbook)1. Leading-in: Divide Ss into groups and ask them to discuss the following questions.(1) Do you know something about “ Medical cloning” ?(2) What do you thi
41、nk of the “Medical cloning ”?Suggested Answers: (1) “Medical cloning ” is a medical cure using cells from an embryo to cure very serious illnesses(2) Different people have different opinions.2. Fast reading(1) Ask Ss to read the text quickly and try to get the main idea of the text.(2) Ask Ss to ans
42、wer the following questions. What is a debate? What should you pay attention to when you have a debate? What is the topic of the debate? When will everyone in the room vote and we can see who has won the debate?3. Intensive reading(1) Arrange a competition according to the following steps. Divide th
43、e class into boy groups and girl groups. Boy groups read the part “Team A”, while girls group read the part “Team B”. Each group read carefully, have a discussion and write down at least three questions about the part they read Ss close their books, and each group ask questions for the other group t
44、o answer. Each correct answer will win one point for his/her group.(2) Ask Ss to red the text again and finish the exercise under the text.Step 3. Feeding back 1. Ask Ss to ask some questions about the two passages learnt in this class.2. Ask some Ss to answer the questions first, and then teacher makes a conclusion.
