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1、【考点综述】：中考阅读理解题部分所选文章题材多样，近年来出题比较多的有人物故事、民族风情、科普知识、健康保健以及一些热点话题。试题形式也日益灵活多变，图标类试题有所增加。主要考查学生的细节理解能力、推理判断能力、词义猜测能力及推断作者意图和态度的能力等。阅读题在中考题中占的比重很大。【中考真题再现】：1. 【湖北咸宁】Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).” But s
2、adly, many of us dont actually get the real meaning of these lines: Dont waste food. A CCTV program, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to the UN World Food
3、 Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year. Chinese people are well known for being hospitable(好客的) and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food
4、 on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, got fired because she took some leftover food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and criticized(批评) the waste of food. What should we do
5、 in our daily lives to waste less food? Here are some tips: 1. Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home. 2. Dont be too picky(挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs
6、it. 3. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Dont buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.51. How many people were hungry in the world in 2010 according to the UN World Food Program?A. 200 million. B. Six million. C. 925 million. D. 625 million.52. What does the writer want to show us
7、 through Li Hongs story? A. Many Chinese restaurants waste a large amount of food.B. Many Chinese people are kind-hearted and ready to help the weak.C. Chinese people feel that they lose face if their guests eat all the food.D. Many Chinese people dont agree with the behavior of wasting food.53. The
8、 underlined word “leftover” means in Chinese.A. 过期的 B. 剩余的 C. 腐烂的 D.难吃的54. According to the passage, we shouldnt waste food because .A. food comes from very hard work B. six million children die of hunger every day C. there is enough food to feed all the people D. Chinese are hospitable and generous
9、55. Which of the following is a good way to save food? A. Ordering more than you need at a restaurant. B. Taking home restaurant leftovers.C. Not knowing what you already have at home when shopping.D. Not eating the food you dont like even if its healthy.2. 【江西】Should we be afraid of sharks? Maybe n
10、ot. New research into the reasons for shark attacks (攻击) suggests that sharks dont like the way humans taste! In fact, most people who are attacked by the shark are still alive after receiving only one bite (咬). Why is this? There are many opinions to explain why sharks sometimes attack people. One
11、opinion is that sharks are just curious (好奇的). We know that sharks are the strongest animals in their environment, so they are not afraid of anything. Naturally, that means they are curious when they meet something unusual. Because they dont have hands or feet., the only way they can find out an obj
12、ect is to bite it! It is thought that sharks sometimes bite humans for this reason, and then swim away. Scientists also say that sharks would not waste energy trying to eat a human, as we have a lot of bones (骨头). It is hard for a shark to eat us because sharks dont have hands, and they cant pull th
13、e meat off our bones. Maybe thats why they only bite us once. Unluckily, one bite from a large shark is serious enough to hurt people greatly! Another opinion is that sharks attack humans by mistake. Some sharks may sometimes mistake humans for a seal. An example of this is when a shark attack attac
14、ks a surfer. A surfer lying on a surfboard looks like a seal when seen from below. Sharks like seals because they have thick fat. Whatever the reason for shark attacks on humans, sharks should be afraid of us. Sadly, we kill almost 40 million of them each year.73. What happens to people attacked by
15、sharks? A. Most of them because blind. B. Most of them because of deaf. C. Most of them died. D. Most of them are still alive.74. How do sharks find out about an unusual object according to the passage? A. By biting. B. By smelling. C. By touching. D. By killing.75. Which sentence about sharks is tr
16、ue? A. Sharks pull meat off bones when they eat. B. Sharks might mistake humans for seals. C. Sharks like to attack surfers because of their thick fat. D. One bite from a shark is nothing serious.76. What would the author write the passage mainly for? A. To tell surfers to stay away from sharks. B.
17、To ask people to stop killing sharks. C. To let us know the reasons for shark attacks on people. D. To show that humans are much stronger than sharks.76.这篇短文中作者主要解释了鲨鱼为什么会袭击人类的原因，故选C。3. 【浙江杭州】In the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual for people to travel by air because it
18、 was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers. Young men ,or “stewards” helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers luggage(行李)but they did not provide food and drinks. But then in 1930,a woman called Ellen Church inv
19、ented the “stewardess”.Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didnt want to work on a farm or marry a farmer she wanted a more adventurous(冒险的)life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few
20、years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilots license.Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a mans world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famou
21、s, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot .But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because. flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays(延误),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thoug
22、ht nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. agreed.The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses. In 1940 there were arou
23、nd 1000 of them working for different airlines. The early “stewardesses” had to be under twenty-five-year-old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get married or have children. It was hard job and not well paid. They worked long hours and earned 1 an hour.In th
24、e 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy in their job and airlines had to make some changes. Since the 1970s, “stewardesses” have been called flight attendants. They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.51.( )The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests that _.A. the word “stewardess”
25、was made up by Ellen ChurchB. Ellen Church was the first woman who flew a planeC. Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a planeD. Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane52.( )From the second paragraph, we learn that _.A. Ellen did not behave in the same way as most as other gi
26、rlsB. Ellens family was not rich enough to support her educationC. Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospitalD. Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her completely53.( )The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job was _.A. her flying experienceB. her university ed
27、ucationC. her nursing experience D. her life attitudes54.( )According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to _ if she wanted to be a stewardess.A. be a nurseB. be marriedC. be a motherD. be young55.( )The passage mainly talks about _.A. the background of early flying pilotsB. the experience of
28、flying passengersC. the history of early flight attendantsD. the development of airplanes文章主旨大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍Ellen如何成长为空姐，从而介绍了介绍了早期空姐的发展史。4. 【重庆】San Francisco has many museums. You can visit one and learn something new. We have art, science, history and other special museums. Some museums are ope
29、n every day. Some are only open on certain days. Many museums are expensive, and others are free. But some of the expensive ones have free days . Many museums have websites. The websites usually have information about the things you can see in the museums. On a museums website you can get informatio
30、n about ticket prices and free days. You can also know where the museum is and when it is open. Sometimes the information is on the first page, and its very easy for you to find. But sometimes you have to click（点击） on the words like Visit Information, or About to find the information. That will be h
31、ard work for you.( )51. San Francisco has many museums for you visit and_. A. learn something new B. play computer gamesC. watch the movies D. click on Information( )52. Some museums in San Francisco are open every day, but some are only open _. A. on weekdays B. on weekendsC. on certain days D. on
32、holidays( )53. Many museums have_ with information about the things you can see in them. A. ticket prices B. their websites C. open hours D. free days 5. 【四川雅安】One day when Jack was walking inthe park, he saw a woman he knew sitting on a bench(长椅)with a dog beside her. The dog was looking up at the
33、woman. Jack walked up to the woman and said, “Hello. Sue, how are you? May I sit and talk with you for a while?”“Of course, please sit down,”Sue said.Jack sat down next to Sue on the bench, and they talked quietly together.The dog continued to look up at Sue, as if waiting to be fed. “Thats a nice d
34、og”Jack said, pointing(指向)at the animal. “Yes, hes handsome. Hes a bit of a mixture(混合) but thats not a bad thing.Hes strong and healthy” “And hungry,” Jack said. “He hasnt taken his eyes off you. He thinks youve gotsome food for him.” “Thats true,”Sue said, But I havent.” The two friends laughed an
35、d then Jack said, “Does your dog bite?” “No,” Sue said. “Hes never bitten anyone. Hes always gentle and good-tempered(好脾气).” Hearing this, Jack decided to pet the dog. He put out his hand and touched theanimals head. Immediately it jumped up and bit him. “Hey!” Jack shouted. “You said he didnt bite.
36、” “No, I didnt,”Sue replied. “You asked，if my dog bit, and I said no.51. What did Jack do when he saw the woman? A. He walked past her. B. He asked to sit next to her. C. He spoke angrily to her. D. He spoke to her dog.52. The dog looked_. A. angrily at Jack B. sick C. as if he would bite Sue D. hun
37、gry53. Jack thought that the dog A. was ill B. belonged to Sue C. was terrible D. belonged in a zoo54. The underlined word “pet” should be _in Chinese. A.宠物 B.喜欢 C.敲打 D.抚摸55. From the story, we can know_. A. Jack and Sue talked about the same dog B. Jack asked Sue a right question C. Jack was bitten
38、 by Sues dog D. Jack asked Sue a wrong question【热身练习】：1. John has a pet dog named Sunlight. He loves him very much. He ever told others that Sunlight was one of his family members.One midnight, Johns house was on fire suddenly. John was sleeping and didnt know what was happening. At that time, Sunli
39、ght noticed the fire and woke up John. John called the police. Soon the fire was put out by the police.Now John often says to others, “ The dog is really my good friend. In the thick smoke and big fire, he could have run out of the house first, but he didnt. No matter how dangerous it is, he first t
40、hinks of his owner.”Today more and more dogs are wandering ( 流浪 ) in the street. Many people dont want to keep their dogs because they move to another place. Even some people say that they cant stand the dogs dirtiness. Animals are one part of our society. Maybe our pets will give us a hand like Sun
41、light someday.【小题1】36.We knew Sunlight is Johns son from the passage.【小题2】37. The police put out the fire that night.【小题3】38. Sunlight ran away because he was afraid of the fire.【小题4】39. Some people dont want to keep dogs because they move to another place.【小题5】40. The passage mainly told us when so
42、mething is on fire, you must call the police first.【小题4】细节理解题。根据第四段Many people dont want to keep their dogs because they move to another place.描述可知，故选A。【小题4】归纳理解题。根据第四段可知，作者想告诉大家，动物是人类的朋友，也许有一天他会给我们帮助。而不是着火后先报警。故选B。考点：故事类短文阅读。2. In the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual f
43、or people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers(乘客). Young men ,or “stewards” helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers luggage(行李)but they did not provide food or drinks. But then
44、 in 1930,a woman called Ellen Church invented the “stewardess”.Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didnt want to work on a farm or marry a farmer she wanted a more adventurous life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a
45、job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilots license.Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a mans world. Although women like
46、 Emelia Earheart were becoming famous, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot .But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because. flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays(延误),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. agreed.The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewarde
