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1、根据音标写单词,/hum/bks/si:/hil/teik/s d/gu/taid/kt/s/laik/hi:/nt/ju:s/,home box see,hill take,sad go tide,cut us,like he not,use,取得英语语法成功的基石,句子成分,Parts of Speech(词类),名词：n.代词:pron.数词：num.动词:v.形容词:adj.,副词：adv.冠词：art.介词：prep.连词:conj.感叹词：interj.,什么是句子？,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有？！,I am
2、 a teacher.Are you a student?How beautiful the girl is!,句子的成分,主语谓语表语宾语定语 状语,补语,1.I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.,主语,谓语,定语,宾语,同位语,状语,句子包括哪些成分？,主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句,it形式主语充当它的位置一般在_,The girl is pretty.Reading is useful.To see is to believe.They are good friends.I
3、t is interesting to learn English.,句首,当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。,什么情况下用it作形式主语？,你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得翻译下列句子吗？1)It is wrong to tell a lie.()2)It is no use crying over spilt milk.()3)It is uncertain who will come.(),说谎是错误的。,覆水难收。,谁要来还不确定。,指出下
4、列句中主语1.The teacher is walking into the classroom.2.The dictionary was useful.3.To do todays homework is very difficult.4.It is very difficult to do todays homework.,谓语：,谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成,They are teachers.She looks well.He studies hard.He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.
5、,(二)选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall.A.dont B.like C.picture D.wall Do you usually go to school by bus?A.Do B.usually C.go D.bus,Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A.Tom B.didnt C.do D.his homework,表语：,表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面,I am a teacher.,My job i
6、s to teach English.Seeing is believing.,其 它系动词,状态：seem,appear,感官：smell,feel,taste,sound,look-变化：become,get,turn,go,come,grow-持续：remain,stay,keep,-终止：prove,turn out,挑出下列句中的表语The old man felt very tired.The leaves have turned yellow.Soon They all became interested in the subject.,The apple tastes swee
7、t.It sounds a good idea.The weather remains fine.,宾语,宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后,挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework.People all over the world speak English.He wont hurt us.I asked a question.Chris will sing a song.,Review,It sounds a good idea.The food in the r
8、oom went bad.It is hard to remember all the faces and names.Going to a British high school is an enjoyable and exciting experience.I miss Chinese food.My father bought me a bike.,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.He gave me some books.,间接宾语,直接宾语,注意：有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有give,hand,show,send,bring,pass
9、,lend,teach,tell,write,throw,sell,email等，Can you lend us your car?=Can you lend your car to us?,注意：有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有buy,play,get,make,order,choose,sing,pay等，表示动作是为谁做的。My uncle bought me a watch.=My uncle bought a watch for me.,补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份或特征。,五、补语,Everyone calls him Jack.（宾补）He is c
10、alled Jack.（主补）,它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当,If you let me go,Ill make you king.Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived.Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall.The boss keeps them working all day.I heard my name called.,挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She wants the children to read newspaper
11、s.They call me Lily sometimes.She found the book interesting.I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.,状语,状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度一般由副词，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当,He did it carefully.Without his help,we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.I was born on
12、June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen.,挑出下列句中的状语 The girl is very beautiful She loves English very much.He lived in London.With the teachers help,I passed the exam.Every night he heard the noise upstairs.He learned English when he was eleven.,定语,定语用来修饰名词或代词形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句
13、都可以充当定语,The black bike is mine.Whats your name?A broken vase.I have 5 books.A sleeping boy.They made paper flowers.The boy in the room is Jack.I have something to do.,(五)挑出下列句中的定语She is a good singer.What is your given name?The man downstairs was trying to sleep.Old people need care.,同位语,对前面的名词或代词做进
14、一步的解释；通常由名词、数词、代词或从句等担任。,This is Mr Zhou,our headmaster.We,the Chinese people,are hardworking.,指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.The students got on the school bus.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.They went hunting together early in the morning.,主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补.,We made him monitor.,He was made monitor.,He pushed the door open.,The door was pushed open.,
