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1、1 Describing graphs,Part 1 Describing graphs,时间：2530分钟字数：120140字考查能力：是否具有把视觉信息转化为书面文字表达的能力,Graph types of BEC higher writing test,Table 细目表,Graph types of BEC higher writing test,Pie charts 圆形图、饼图,Graph types of BEC higher writing test,Line charts 线形图,Graph types of BEC higher writing test,Bar chart
2、s 条形图,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully,including the title,legend,the bars or lines,find out what they represent respectively and the main figures.,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.The vertical line usually represents da
3、ta(such as percentage,volume,number,etc.)whereas the horizontal line usually represents time points.Pay particular attention to the points where sudden changes occur.,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.Organize your writing.(fixed format),Organization,引言部分主体部分结论
4、部分,1.引言部分,两句话改写题干第一句，叙述图表描述的内容和时间段。,1.引言部分,The bar chart below shows the number of complaints made by consumers about different products and services in the years 1994 and 1997.,1.引言部分,The bar chart below shows the number of complaints made by consumers about different products and services in the y
5、ears 1994 and 1997.The bar chart displays the changes in the number of complaints made by consumers about five kinds of products and services in 1994 and 1997.,1.引言部分,两句话改写题干第一句，叙述图表描述的内容和时间段。用一句话概述图表的大概走势，不出现具体数字。,1.引言部分,According to the diagram,there was an increase in the complaints about most of
6、 the products and services.,2.主体部分,1)根据图表数据作出合理分类,2.主体部分,根据图表数据作出合理分类每一类写一段，每段第一句概述这一类的特征，不含具体数据从第二句话开始用具体数据来描述这一特征如大类下分小类则仍按上述方法来写,2.主体部分,The number of complaints about package holidays and financial services increased over the period.The complaints made about the package holidays abroad rose by 12
7、.7%from 15,000 in 1994 to about 18,000 in 1997.And there were about 52,000 complaints about the financial services in 1997,5.2%up on 1994.,2.主体部分,There were also complaints about electric goods and second-hand cars in 1997 than in 1994.The complaints about the two products rose by 9.2%and 6.7%respec
8、tively.The former increased from 66,000 in 1994 to about 70,000 in 1997 and the latter went up from 80,000 to 86,000.And clothing is the only sector where the number of complaints dropped over the period.In 1994,there were around 45,000 complaints while the figure decreased by 4%to around 43,000 in
9、1997.,3.结论部分,再次用一句话概括和总结图表，和引言部分的第二句话很相似，但更加具体（不含数据）。In conclusion we can see there were more complaints about the products and services in 1997 than in 1994 with the only exception of clothing.,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.Organize your writing.(fixed for
10、mat)Be familiar with related expressions for graph description.,语言,语言的变化性,描述不同的图,chartgraphdiagramtablebar chartpie chartlinegraph,Referring illustration,Remember to be clear about referencing the illustrations in the text of the report.e.g.From the chart we can see that As is shown in Figure 1/in T
11、able 2 As can be seen in The first column/row Of particular note The figure above/below The figure on the left/right,Referring illustration,e.g.The chart shows,displaysreflectsillustratesindicates,Complete the text below by using the related expressions,The table _ illustrates develop-ments in produ
12、ctivity during the period 1996-2002._ the first _,for the year 1996,represents a base year.The four _,one for each department,demonstrate that productivity has risen steadily through-out the company,except for a slight drop in 2000 when there was an unusually high wage increase._ is the marked impro
13、vement for our sales force from 2001 to 2002.,Of particular note As can be seencolumn above/below rows,小幅上升/下降,To go up a little Verbs:to increase/to rise/to grow/to improve/to go up toNouns:an increase/a rise/a growth/an improvement/an upturn/an upward trend of To go down a little,大幅上升/下降,To go up
14、a lotTo go down a lot,变化,保持水平不变 稳定下来波折变化，上下变化,变化,回升,变化,到达最高点 到达最低点,变化的速度/幅度,速度幅度,Modifying changes,To indicate the degree of quantity To indicate the degree of impactTo indicate the degree of accuracy,Modifying changes,Please look at the following graphs below describing the speed/degree of change.U
15、se the information in this graph to complete the sentences that follow.,As the graph shows,there was an _ in sales.In January,sales _.In February,sales _,before they _ again _.There was a _ in April,then a _ toa _ of 20 000 in May.,Modifying changes,注意事项,起点终点最高点高低点发生重大转折的点题目所规定的点,Representing number
16、s,For numbers below ten,words are preferable to numerals.e.g.There were five files missing from the cabinet.(NOT 5 files)Use numerals for page numbers,dates,figures,and addresses and with%.e.g.-1-,23 July,fig.6,7 New Street,6%.(NOT-One-,Twenty-third July,fig.Six,Seven New Street,six%),Representing n
17、umbers,Do not use numerals for ordinate numbers.e.g.This is the second report on the subject in six months.(NOT 2nd report,in 6 months)Do not use two numerals in succession.e.g.Twelve ten-man teams(NOT 12 10 man teams),Representing numbers,Do not use numerals at the beginning of the sentence.e.g.Fif
18、teen people were injured in the accident.(NOT 15 people were.)Do not use numerals for round number estimates.e.g.Roughly two hundred employees were made redundant.(NOT Roughly 200 employees),Classification,Main and sub parts,Classification,Hierarchical structure,Classification,Additional parts,How t
19、o describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.Organize your writing.(fixed format)Be familiar with related expressions for graph description.Use suitable tenses and voices.,Active or passive voice,Active:The Promotion Review Panel meets and discusses each candidate.Passive:Each
20、 candidate is met and discussed(by the Promotion Review Panel).Compare these two sentences:Notice how the passive is used to emphasize the candidate instead of the Promotion Review Panel.,Put the verbs in the following description in the active or the passive.,The Information Services Department _(d
21、ivide)into two sections.The first,Statistical Data,_(provide)information from a data bank for all other departments.The second,Support Services,_(deal)with requests for specific information.When a request _(receive),one member of the team _(allocate)to the task and then _(carry out)all the necessary
22、 research.,Put the verbs in the following description in the active or the passive.,The department _(staff)by five information officers who _(work)as a team.A team leader _(appoint)for a six-month period.He or she is responsible for allocating tasks within the group.The position of team leader _(rot
23、ate)so that each member of the group _(act)as leader at some stage.,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.Organize your writing.(fixed format)Be familiar with related expressions for graph description.Use suitable tenses and voices.Write formal,concise yet simple a
24、nd varied sentences.,How to describe a graph?,Study the instructions and the graphs carefully.Organize your writing.(fixed format)Be familiar with related expressions for graph description.Use suitable tenses and voices.Write formal,concise yet simple and varied sentences.Adhere to the requirements.
25、Be objective and impersonal.,Exercise,The graphs below show the performance of a European countrys manufacturing and agricultural sectors in terms of exports and imports between 1991 and 2001.Using the information from the graphs,write a short report describing the general movements in exports,imports and the resulting balance of trade.,Exercise,
