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1、Unit 15 Learning基础落实.高频单词思忆1.n.资格，资历2.v.怀疑3.adj.保守的，守旧的4.n.任务，作业；工作5.adj.杰出的，优秀的6.vt.反映，反射7.n.名誉，名声,qualification,suspect,conservative,assignment,outstanding,reflect,reputation,8.vt.挑选，精选9.v.鼓舞，鼓励10.vt.忽视，不顾11.n.改正，改进 v.改正，纠正12.vt.简化 adj.简单的13.v.教导，指导 n.教导14.n.惩罚,处罚 vt.惩罚,select,inspire,ignore,corre
2、ction,correct,simplify,simple,instruct,instruction,punishment,punish,15.n.保卫，保护 vt.保护，保卫16.v.误解 v.理解17.n.接近或进入之路 adj.易接进的18.vt.假定，假设 n.假定,假设,defence,defend,misunderstand,understand,access,accessible,assume,assumption,.重点短语再现1.frankly 老实说，说实话2.lay 裁员，解雇3.from除之外4.a certain extent在某种程度上5.set off a pla
3、ce动身去某地6.be accustomed 习惯于7.to倾向于，经常做8.of赞成，赞许；同意,speaking,off,aside/apart,to,for,to,tend,approve,9.as a 总的来说10.be angry sb.生某人的气11.start with首先12.put 提出13.conclusion总之14.have access 有进入途径15.in参与,whole,with,to,forward,in,to,participate,.典型句式运用1.Its never too late to learn.too.to.太而不能，一般具 有否定意义。我太累了不
4、能再往前走了。.,考点提炼,句子仿照,Im too tired to go any further,2.I felt as if I had done something wrong！feel as if+虚拟语气意为“感觉好 像”（亦可用feel as though）有事实并 非如此之意；feel as if也可用正常语气，强 调感觉较接近真实情况。他觉得自己仿佛飘浮在空中。.,考点提炼,句子仿照,He felt as if/though he were floating in,the air,3.Anyway,its time for me to go now.Its time for s
5、b.to do sth.“到某人该做某事的时间了，某人该做某 事了”是一固定句型；its time后也可以跟 that从句，但要用虚拟语气。从句的动词常用 过去时。我们该采取行动了。（用两种结构翻译）.,考点提炼,句子仿照,Its time for us to take action,Its time that we took action,(1),(2),4.I found it all so boring and difficult.某人/事”，其中find/think为谓语动词，sb./sth.为其宾语，其后的adj.为宾语补足语 用以说明宾语的情况。此结构也常用it作形式 宾语，后跟不
6、定式作真正的宾语，构成find it+adj.+to do sth.结构。人们发现H1N1流感难以预防。.,考点提炼,find/think,sb.sth.,+adj.意为“认为,句子仿照,People find it difficult to prevent H1N1,Flu,导练互动重点单词1.suspect v.怀疑；不信任；猜想；n.可疑分 子，嫌疑犯；adj.可疑的；令人生疑的 I that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well.（回归课本P36）,suspect,经典例句I suspect the t
7、ruth of her statement.我对她那番话的真实性表示怀疑。She suspected him of taking her money.她怀疑他拿了她的钱。He seems poor,but I suspect that he has quite a lot of money.他看上去很穷，可是我怀疑他很有钱。,归纳拓展suspect sth.怀疑某事suspect that+从句怀疑，猜想suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人（做）某事be suspected of doing sth.被怀疑做某事suspicion n.怀疑翻译句子他被怀疑是一个间谍。.,H
8、e was suspected of being a spy,2.reflect vt.反射（光、热、声等）；显 示，反映 Our school motto the importance we place on good manners,.（回归课本P38）经典例句 The mountains were reflected in the lake.山在湖面上倒映出来。His behaviour reflects his lazy attitude to work.他的行为反映了他对待工作的懒惰态度。The unemployment figures reflect badly on the go
9、vernments policies.失业数字给政府的政策带来很坏的影响。,reflects,归纳拓展be reflected in.倒映在中；被反射在里，映照在里reflect(well/badly)on sb./sth.使某人/某物给人（好的/坏的）印象reflection n.反射，反映，思考完成句子His words(反映出他不诚实).,reflected his dishonesty,3.select vt.选择，挑选 Well,another one then.（回归课本P39）经典例句 She lets her son select his own Christmas prese
10、nt.她让儿子自己选择圣诞礼物。They were selected from many applicants.他们是从许多报名者当中挑选出来的。,select,归纳拓展select from.从中挑选selective adj.选择性的，有选择的selection n.选择，挑选易混辨析choose/select/pick out这组词皆有“选择”之意。（1）choose在这三个词中是最常用的，可以表示进行一般的“选择”，有时也可以表示“抉择”，它较侧重意志和判断。,（2）select和pick out通常指在三者或三者以上 中作出选择。select比pick out更为正式，select通
11、常指经过慎重考虑而作出的选择。用select,choose填空(1)He to stay abroad when he couldnt get a better job in his own country.(2)I decided to a proper gift for my mother for her birthday.,chose,select,4.lack n.&v.缺乏，短缺.，but it was probably because I confidence in myself.（回归课本P40）经典例句 Owing to lack of time,we cannot do mo
12、re than what we have done.由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。Does she lack courage?她缺乏勇气吗？You will not be lacking in support from me.你将得到我的支持。,lacked,归纳拓展lack作名词时，后常接of；作动词时，若用于否定句，常接for。lack作动词时，不用于被动语态。lack sth.缺乏某物lack(for)nothing没有欠缺be lacking in sth.缺乏某物through/from/by/for lack of因缺乏a/the lack of.的缺乏翻译句子那棵小树因缺水枯死
13、了。.,The small tree died for lack of water,5.access n.通道；道路；接近或进入的方法 The thing about being a teacher is that you have to childrens minds when they are open and eager to learn.(回归课本P40)经典例句 Were trying to improve access for disabled visitors.我们正在设法使有残疾的来客能更容易地进入。Citizens may have free access to the li
14、brary.市民可以自由使用图书馆。Few men have direct access to the king.很少有人能直接靠近国王。,access,归纳拓展access在表示“（向场所、人等）接近、进入以及（资料等）取得、利用”时，一般为不可数名词，后接介词to。access to+n.通往的入口have access to拥有的机会或权利get access to使用的机会或权利accessible adj.可到达的；可接近的；可使用的；可进入的,单句改错（1）The only access to go to the farm was a dirt road.（2）The remote
15、 area is accessed only by helicopter.,去掉go to,accessedaccessible,6.acquire vt.取得，获得，得到 It seems obvious now how we knowledge and understanding.（回归课本P42）经典例句 The company has just acquired new equipment.公司刚刚购得了新设备。There are many ways to acquire knowledge.有许多方法获取知识。,acquire,易混辨析 gain/get/earn/acquire(1
16、)gain指在斗争、竞争中作出很大的努力而“获 得”，所得的东西常具有一定的价值。(2)get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能 得到。(3)earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。(4)acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指经过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。,用acquire,gain,get的适当形式填空（1）I managed two tickets for the concert.（2）Im afraid she is a reputation for her careless work.（3）The car speed as it went down the hill.,to
17、acquire/to get,getting,gained,7.worthy adj.有价值的；值得的.，but the search for knowledge.(回归课本P42)经典例句 This phenomenon is worthy of being studied.这种现象值得研究。This problem is worthy to be considered.这个问题值得考虑。The Great Wall of China is worthy of a visit.中国的长城值得一游。,worthy,易混辨析 worthwhile/worth/worthy（1）worthwhil
18、e值得的，指花时间去做某事是值 得的,常用于It is worthwhile doing(或to do)sth.句型中，但不能说：sth.is worthwhile doing。（2）worth值,后接价值数量词；意为“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词(不能接不定式),表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰,即be(well)worth(doing)sth.（很）值得做某事。（3）worthy值得的，用于结构worthy of sth.；worthy to be done,（或接动名词，须用动名词 的被动语态形式）be worthy of being done。,用worth,worthy，wor
19、thwhile填空（1）Its well making the effort to learn how to drive.（2）We had a long wait,but it was because we got the tickets.（3）Their achievements are of the highest praise.,worth,worthwhile,worthy,8.ignore vt.忽视，不管，不理会经典例句 I smiled at her but she just ignored me.我对她微笑但是她不理会我。My advice was completely ig
20、nored.我的忠告完全被忽视了。归纳拓展 ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/某事，不理会某 人/某事 ignorance n.无知，不知 be in ignorance(of/about sth.)（对某事物 的）无知,ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的 be ignorant of/about sth.（某事物的）无知 易混辨析 ignore/overlook/neglect（1）ignore指有意从开始就不理睬。（2）overlook指由于不注意或胸怀宽大而忽略其 他人的过错。（3）neglect忽略，疏忽，指没做到该做的事情 或没尽到应尽的责任。完成句子 Its very
21、 dangerous for a driver to(忽视交通规则).,ignore the traffic rules,9.urge v.催促；怂恿；n.迫切要求；强烈的欲望经典例句 The new law urged that all children(should)be sent to school to receive education.新法律要求所有的儿童必须到学校接受教育。The coach urged on/upon us the importance of teamwork.教练向我们强调团队精神的重要性。His son has an urge to become a foo
22、tball star.他的儿子有做足球明星的强烈愿望。,归纳拓展urge sb.to do sth.=urge sb.into doing sth.强烈要求某人做某事urge sth.on/upon sb.向某人强调某事urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的urgently adv.紧急地，紧迫地urgency n.迫切，急切注意 urge后跟宾语从句时，该从句应用should+动词原形,should可以省略。完成句子The teacher urged that(学生要积极参与社会活动).,students(should),take an active part in social activi
23、ties,10.inspire v.使感动，激发，启示；鼓 舞，鼓励 But even though Aristotle was a great man who many great scientists and philosophers after him,he was wrong at times.(回归课本P43)经典例句 His speech inspired us to try again.他的演讲鼓舞了我们再次作尝试。The news inspired courage in us.那消息给了我们勇气。,inspired,The beautiful scenery inspired
24、the composer.美丽的景色使作曲家灵思泉涌。He tried to inspire them to greater efforts.他尝试鼓励他们更加努力。归纳拓展,inspire sb.,to do sth.to sth.,激起/鼓舞某人（做）,inspire,sb.with sth.sth.in sb.,激起/鼓舞了某人的,inspiration n.鼓励inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的an inspiring speech令人鼓舞的演讲完成句子The teachers words(激励了我们更努力地学习).,inspired us to study,even harder
25、,11.assume v.假定，假设；承担，呈现 Why did Aristotle that the sun moved around the Earth？(回归课本P43)经典例句 Assuming that you are right,what should we do next?假定你是对的，我们下一步该怎么做？I assumed that he had gone for a walk.我想他去散步了。I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.我错了，我愿为此承担责任。,assume,归纳拓展assume.to b
26、e/as认为是当然的assume+n.认为；承担assuming that=supposing/suppose that.假定assumption n.假定；假想；担任（任务等）；承担make an assumption作出假定，认为,用assume的适当形式填空 that you are elected chairman of the committee,what measures will you take to solve the problem?(2)They made the that poverty exists in the Third World.(3)We(that)he i
27、snt coming.,Assuming,assumption,assume,12.adapt vt.使适应；改编经典例句 She adapted herself quickly to the new life.她很快就适应了这种新生活。The author is going to adapt his play for television.作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。,归纳拓展adapt.to.适应adapt.for.将改为adapt(oneself)to.适应adaptation n.改编（本），改造；适应完成句子He tried hard to(使自己适应这种新生活).,adapt h
28、imself to the new,conditions,重点短语与句型13.lay off裁员，解雇；停止 Three months ago,when my manager told me that I would be,my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.(回归课本P36),laid off,经典例句During the financial crisis,they laid us off for three months.在经济危机时期，他们解雇了我们三个月。Why dont you lay off smoking for
29、a while until your cough gets better?你为什么不先戒烟等你的咳嗽好了一些后再说呢？Many laid-off workers have found jobs again with the help of the government.在政府的帮助下,许多下岗工人重新找到了工作。,归纳拓展lay off sb.裁员，解雇（可用lay sb.off）fire sb.for.因而开除某人dismiss sb.解雇某人，使解散，使离开lay-off worker下岗工人完成句子Some workers(被辞退)during those days.,were laid
30、 off,14.aside from除了之外还有 And emailing,its fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam.(回归课本P36)经典例句 Everything was quiet,aside from the occasional sound of a car in the distance.除了远处偶尔有汽车的声响外，四周一片寂静。I didnt accept the job because it was badly paid and aside from that,it wasnt very
31、 interesting.我没接受这个工作，因为工资既少，又非常乏味。,aside from,归纳拓展aside from=apart from=except除之外(别无)aside from=apart from=besides除之外(尚有)nothing but除了，只有in addition to除了之外还选词填空（aside,besides,except）from money,some people choose jobs for some other reasons nowadays.(2)They all went to sleep me.,Aside,except,(1),15.
32、at ones own pace以适合自己的速度 Students study and the teachers seldom set tests.(回归课本P38)经典例句 We encourage all the students to work at their own pace.我们鼓励学生按照自己的节奏学习。The work progressed at a slow pace.这项工作进展缓慢。She works so fast that I cant keep pace with her.她工作得很快，我跟不上她的速度。,at their own pace,归纳拓展keep pac
33、e with跟上set the pace确定速度；领先pace of life生活节奏at a.pace以的速度force/quicken the pace使加速,易混辨析 pace/speed（1）pace步速，步伐，用于比喻时指各种活动、生产效率等发展的速度、节奏。Keep pace with the times.与时俱进。（2）speed速度，常指任何事物持续运动时的速 度，尤指车辆、机器等无生命物体的运动速度。I saw a car speeding away.我看见一辆车急驰而去。完成句子 You(领先)and I try to(跟上你).,set the pace,keep pac
34、e with you,16.to a certain extent在某种程度上 Well,youre right.(回归课本P39)经典例句 To a certain extent,both sides are correct.在某种特定的程度上，双方都是正确的。To a certain extent,to raise wages means increasing purchasing power.在一定程度上，提高工资意味着增加购买力。,to a certain extent,归纳拓展to a certain extent=to a certain degree在某种程度上to a larg
35、e/great extent很大程度上to some extent某种程度上to the extent that达到的程度翻译句子这项新政策在很大程度上起了作用。.,The new policy played a part to a large,degree/extent,17.set off动身，出发；引发，使爆炸.then another student lit a flame to it.(回归课本P40)经典例句 It is our tradition to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival.春节期间放鞭炮是我们的习俗。He se
36、t off for Beijing an hour ago.他一小时前去北京了。The question set off a lively discussion.这个问题引起了热烈的讨论。,set,off,归纳拓展set off for a place动身去某地set off fireworks放烟火，放鞭炮set off a bomb引爆炸弹set off a debate引起辩论set out for a place动身去某地set out to do sth.着手做set about doing sth.着手做,18.be accustomed to习惯于 Although today
37、we more to typing a few key words into a search engine.(回归课本P42)经典例句 You have to train hard to be accustomed to the competition.你要努力训练以适应比赛的需要。She was not accustomed to being away from home for so long.离家这么远太久她不习惯。,are,accustomed,归纳拓展get/become accustomed to.适应/习惯于accustom oneself to.使自己习惯于be used t
38、o(doing)sth.习惯于accustom v.使习惯于完成句子(习惯于早起)she doesnt need others to wake her up.,Accustomed to getting up early,19.approve of赞同，同意，支持 At first,people of his studies and urged him to continue,.(回归课本P42)经典例句 He doesnt approve of our plan.他不赞成我们的计划。The minister approved the building plan.部长批准了该建筑计划。,app
39、roved,归纳拓展approve作“批准”时，常作及物动词；作“赞成，同意”时，常用approve of。approve of(sb.s)doing sth.赞同，支持（某人）做某事approve(doing)sth.批准（做）某事approve a plan/bill批准一个计划/一项法案approval n.赞许，赞成，同意完成句子Her father will never(赞成她同汤姆结婚).,approve of her,marriage to Tom,20.,if someone had worked for a company for over 20 years,they wou
40、ld have stayed there until retirement!如 果一个工人在一家公司工作二十多年，他 们就会在那儿呆到退休。句式分析 本句中if引导了一个虚拟条件句，表示与事实 相反的假设。若与过去事实相反，条件从句的 谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓 语用“should(would,could,might)+have+过 去分词”，表示“本应该/能够/可以/可能 做（却没做）”。其否定形式为should,(would,could,might)not+have+过去分词，表示“本不应该/不能够/不可以/不可能做（却做了）”。If you had come earli
41、er,you would have met him.如果你早点来，你就会遇到他了。If you had worked hard,you wouldnt have failed the exam.如果当初努力学习的话，这次考试你就不会不及格了。If I had had enough time,I would have done it better.如果当时我有充足的时间，我会做得更好。,用所给词的适当形式填空(1)If I had met Li Hua yesterday,I could(tell)him the news.(2)If we(find)him earlier we could h
42、ave saved his life.,have told,had found,21.So many people think that after you retire,all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything youve ever learnt.很多人认为退休后你能做的就 是停止思考，埋藏所学过的任何东西。句式分析（1）So many people think为主句，其后为宾 语从句。在宾语从句中包含一个时间状语从句 after you retire和两个定语从句you can do和 youve ever le
43、arnt,都省去了引导词that。,（2）all（that）you can do is switch off your brain中，is后省去了不定式符号to。不定 式作表语，当其前有do,did或done时，不定式符 号to常可以省略。Since it is raining heavily,all that we can do is stay at home.因为雨下的很大,我所能做的就只有呆在家里了。翻译句子我们所能做的就只有等了。.,All that we can do is(to)wait,22.I decided that it was time I became an Inter
44、net user.我觉得是成为互联网用 户的时候了。句式分析 It is/was(high)time(that).did.到 了的时候了，该做。用来表示建议，其中从句的谓语动词用过去式或“should+动 词原形”（should不可省略），该句型为虚拟 语气中的一种特殊句型。Its time that we took action to stop the spreading of the H1N1 Flu.我们该采 取措施阻止H1N1流感的蔓延了。,Its(high)time that we should start out.我们该动身了。归纳拓展 Its time(for sb.)to do
45、 sth.到（某人）做 某事的时间了 Its the first/second.time that sb.has done sth.这是某人第一/二次做事 单句改错（1）It is high time that we leave.（2）Its the first time that I came to Beijing.,leaveleft/should leave,camehave come,23.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion!有时我真希望 能给他打个电话问问他的意见。句式分析 wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语
46、气，表达不太现实 或不太可能实现的愿望。表示与现在事实相反 的愿望，谓语动词用过去式；表示与过去事实 相反的愿望，谓语动词用had+v.-ed;表示将来 难以实现的愿望，谓语动词用should/would/could/might+动词原形。I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。,I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。用所给词的适当形式填空(1)I wish I(attend)the
47、 meeting last week,but I was ill in hospital that time.(2)How I wish I(be)as young as my students.,could have attended,were,24.Frankly speaking,the last four years have been hard work,but its been worth it!坦白地说，最后四年非常辛苦，但却是值得的。句式分析 Frankly speaking“坦白地说”为独立成分,在句中作状语，表明说话人的态度、判断和一 般看法，不要求与逻辑主语一致。Fran
48、kly speaking,you are right.坦白地说，你是正确的。Frankly speaking,I dont like the idea at all.坦白地说,我一点也不喜欢这个主意。,归纳拓展exactly speaking确切地说generally speaking一般来说honestly speaking坦诚地说personally speaking就个人来说to be frank坦白地说翻译句子(1)Honestly speaking,you are not fit for the job.。(2)Frankly speaking,he did better this
49、time.。,老实说，你不适合这项工作,坦白说，他这次做的更好,25.What will become of.将成为什 么？/将怎么样？句式分析 What will become of.此句型常用于口语，有时态变化。（1）What will become of.?(将来时)询问人/物将来有可能发生什么情况，有何结果（2）What has become of.?(现在完成时)，询问到目前某人/物的情况,（3）What became of.?(过去时)询问过去出现 的结果、情况 I dont know what will become of the earth if we go on pollut
50、ing it.如果我们继续污染这个地球，我真不知道它会变 成什么样。What became of the boy who left home?离家出走的那个孩子后来怎么样了？,I remember putting the book on the desk,but what has become of it?我记得把书放在桌子上了，它跑哪里去了？完成句子I didnt dare to think(如果他们无家可归会是怎样)？,what will become of,them if they lose their home,品味构词1.利用派生法，品句填/选词（1）My mother bought
