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1、高三英语专题复习,英语阅读理解技巧-事实细节题,推理判断题,猜测词义题,阅读五大题型,事实细节题,主旨大意题,篇章结构题,阅读答题的基本步骤,1.先看问题，再读文章：带着问题阅读短文，确定主攻方向，特别要注意首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题和脉络，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，有的放矢，高效省时。,2.细读全文，认真推敲：针对题目的要求，细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词，它们既是检查的重点，也是把握全文意思的突破口。因此必须准确判断，仔细斟酌，以便选出最佳答案。,3.复读全文，验证答案：在选出全部答案后，应将答案带入问题中重读全文，看前后意思是否贯通，有无矛盾，若前后不
2、一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。,20082012年阅读理解试题分类情况,1、细节题的题干分析,2、细节题解题方法,教学内容,设题特点：,题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇，由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义近义或反义转换来考查同学们对英语语言的理解能力。,细节理解解题方法三大法宝：顺序寻找法、定位词、排除法1.把握解题的顺序原则：按顺序寻找答案2.通过定位词寻找出题点 题干关键词定位法：疑问词,名词(人名/地名),数词(时间,数字,百分比),动词 选项关键词定位法：各个选项中的不同之处(去同存异),【2010全国II】A篇Brownie turned out to be more
3、 than just our family pet,she went everywhere with us.She was just the most lovable dog.Funny thing is she would smile.This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth.Far from the truth,she loves everyone.44.Some people got frightened by Brownie when she_.A.smiled B.barked C.ru
4、shed to them D.tried to be funny,原文词：frightened,When I was six,Dad brought home a dog one day,who was called“Brownie”,My brothers and I all loved Brownie and.Brownie,in return,loved every one of us.One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.W
5、e always felt better when she was around.41.What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?A.Look at them sadly.B.Keep them company.C.Play games with them.D.Touch them gently.,同义改写：sick,【2010广东】A篇 When I was growing up in America,I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English.Because of her E
6、nglish,she was often treated unfairly.People in department stores,at banks,and at restaurants did not take her seriously,or even acted as if they did not hear her.41.Why was the authors mother poorly served?A.She was unable to speak good English.B.She was often misunderstood.C.She was not clearly he
7、ard.D.She was not very polite.,同义改写：treated unfairly,【2010江西】CConfucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of life:“Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.”He assumed that all men were equal at birth,.and that it was knowledge that set men apart.66.What made some
8、people different from others according to Confucius?A.Family B.Potential C.Knowledge D.Community,形容词转化为动词短语,通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：,1 对原文中的关键词进行替换词性或者语态的变化语言简化4 正话反说：适用于寻找错误选项的题目,1.According to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect/true?（三误一正）3.Which
9、of the following is not mentioned in the text?（三正一误）4.The author(or the passage)states that_.5.The followingstatementsarecorrect/true except_.,常见设题方式：,细节题类型,1 wh-细节题,2 是非题,3 计算题,4 图表题,5 排序题,6 其它题,分析往年四川卷的阅读细节题分别考查哪些信息？40.Who earns most according to the text?(08)47.What can you do first if you want t
10、o go?(08)56.When the writer was a child,he/she(07)38.Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?（08),事件,人物,时间,因果,1.wh-细节题,(New York)A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didnt think twice before diving into the freezing East River.Tuesdays Daily News said
11、29-year-old Julien Duret from France is the man who He lifted the little girl out of water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum.He handed the girl to her father,David Anderson,who had dived in after him.,Reading material 1,1.wh-细节题,Q:Who dived after Duret into the river to
12、save the little girl?A.David Anderson B.A passer-by C.His girlfriend D.A taxi driver,Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things.A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning.Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poisoning us
13、ually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Feveris one of the most common symptoms.,第一段,_,_,2010年广东高考阅读C篇,Q Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food poisoning means death.C.Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serio
14、us.,2010年广东高考阅读C篇,扩大范围,三正一误：“非”型细节题,3、数字计算题 常会出现几个数字，要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。数字计算理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等简单计算。要先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等得出正确答案。4、图表图画题 图表图画题通常有地图、人体实物、统计表等三种形式：简易地图考查考生方位感；人体实物图考查考生根据文字叙述进行形象再造能力。仪器仪表统计表考查考生基本读图读数读表能力。要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。,Reading material 3 The h
15、uman body is a living machine,and like all machines,it needs fuel to supply it with energy.That is the food we eat.But how much do we need to stay healthy?The energy value of food is usually measured in calories.A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1.T
16、he number of calories people need per day is different,as the chart shows,练习题,Q1)_ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A.55 B.175 C.325 D.275,Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A.A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calo
17、ries that a baby does.B.A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.D.A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.,文章,【解析】答案为
18、D。根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：(90-35)51=275,3 计算题,根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确。很易找出 C 符合图表内容。,4 图表题,Somali pirates(海盗)robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l，200 Miles off the Somali coast，the farthest-off-shore attack to date，an officer said Tuesday.This is the farthest robbing to da
19、teThey are now operating near the Maldives and India,”said another officer The three ships-the MV Prantalay 11，12，and l 4had 77 members on board in totalAll of them are Thai,the spokesman saidBefore the Sunday robbing，pirates held l l ships and 228 sailors56How many sailors were held by the pirates
20、up to the time of the report?A228.B77.C383.D305.,数字,索马里海盗应劫持水手77+228=305人。,5、排序题 可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，再“存同排异”，从而快速选出正确答案。,Back in the fifteenth century,in a tiny village near Nuremberg,lived a family with eighteen childrenIn spite of the hopeless condition,two of the children,Albrec
21、ht Durer and Albert,had a dreamThey both wanted to pursue their talent for artAfter many long discussions,the two boys finally worked out an agreementThey would toss a coinThe loser would go down into the nearby mines and,with his earnings,support his brother who attended the academyThen,when that b
22、rother who won the toss completed his studies,in four years,he would support the other brother at the academy Tossing a coin,Albrecht Durer won and went off to NurembergAlbert went down into the dangerous mines and,for the next four years,supported his brother,whose work at the academy was almost an
23、 immediate sensation（轰动）When the young artist returned to his village,the Durer family held a festive dinner to celebrate Albrechts triumphant（胜利的）homecoming To show thanks to Albert for all that he had sacrificed,Albrecht Durer painstakingly drew his brothers injured hands with palms together and t
24、hin fingers stretched skyward,Reading material 4,_,_,_,_,_,练习题,Q1 Which of the following is the correct order of the story？aAlbrecht went to Nuremberg bAlbert supported his brother cThe Durer family held a festive dinner dAlbrecht drew his brothers injured hands eThe brothers tossed a coin Ab,a,c,d,e Ba,e,c,d,b Ce,a,c,b,d De,a,b,c,d,解题思路：先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案,文章,_明显不是文章的信息,干扰项的特点与概括:,(事实细节题的考点),正误并存,扩大(缩小)范围,偷换概念,以偏概全,无中生有,_信息部分正确，部分错误,_ 是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节,_张冠李戴、移花接木,_与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动,_是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容,答非所问,Practice makes perfect!,
