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1、Subjunctive mood,if 引导虚拟条件句,If we have chances,we can have further cooperation.,If I have another chance,I will visit China again.,If you have interest,you can put up your hands and ask me questions,If 引导的条件句,a.真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。,真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思,条件从句一般现在时,主句 will shall+动
2、词原形,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.,The football match _put off if it_.,will be,rains,If I have a chance,I will learn Chinese.,But actually I am too busy to learn Chiese.,If I lived in China now,I would learn Chinese.,If 引导的条件句,b.虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实
3、现的,采用虚拟语气。,If I _(be)the girl,I_(want)a big hug.,were,would want,If I _(meet)Obama,I_ _(shake)hands with him.,met,would shake,1.同现在事实相反的假设,条件从句,主句,过去式(were),should,would,could,might,+do,If I had a lot of money,I would_,donate some to the people in need,If he had driven more carefully,he would not ha
4、ve had the car accident in May,2009.,If I _ time last night,I _ to see the film with you.,had had,would have gone,I was so busy last night.,2.与过去事实相反的假设,条件从句,主句,had done,+have done,If I _(have)realized it then,I _(buy)a lower floor.,had,would have bought,a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(p
5、ass)it already.b.If you _(get)up earlier,you _(catch)the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks.,3.与将来事实相反的假设,did,条件从句,主句,were to do,should do,+do,如果他明天起床早的话,他会准时的.,If he got up early tomorrow,he would be on time.If he were to get up,If he sho
6、uld get up early tomorrow，,a.If there _(be)no natural resource any more in the future,we _(make)use of nuclear power(核动力）.,should be,should make,b.If Robots _(control)the world some day,here _(be)no friendship.,were to control,would be,省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装,If I were Obamas daughther,I would be happy.,Were
7、 I,If I had had another chance,I would have run faster.,Had I had,5.省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装把were,had,should 提到句首,#If you were the manager here,what would you do?,Were you.,#If he should act like that again,he would be fired immediately.,Should he.,Suppose one of you is a student from Fengming High School,and
8、 your partner is the president,Obama!You ask him some questions using the subjunctive mood.,Speaking,Speaking,If Michael Jackson were alive，If you hadnt been elected(选举）the president，If you were to retire（退休）now，,S:Hello!O:Hello!S:Im a student from Fengming High School,I want to ask you some questio
9、ns.If you O:,If you were a teardrop in my eye,For fear of losing you,I would never cry.And if the golden sun should cease to shine its light,Just one smile from you would make my whole world.,A poem,practice,1._ she a man,she might be elected president.If wereWere Be Is,2.If I _ a bee,I _ work much
10、harder.were;would were;shall had;will have;should,3.If my father _ here now,he _ tell me what to do.were;would were;will is;would is;will,4.If I _ in the 22nd century,I _ my vocation in a very different way.,should live;would spend will live;should spend are living;should have spent will be living;w
11、ould have spent,The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is rained,答案B 真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。,二，wish后宾语从句的虚拟,1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。,I wish I _ as tall as Yao Ming,were,I wish I were a bird.,I wish I_,(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。,hadnt eaten,so much wa
12、termelon.,(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would/could/might动词原形”。,有should吗？,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,wish 的宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时（did/were）,过去完成时(had done),would/could/might+do,I wish I a bird.（现在）I wish I _(make)such a mistake.（过去）We wish our parents_(punish)us.（将来）,were,hadnt made,wouldnt punish,Practice,
13、1.I wish I _ to have a word with Danny when he was here last week.,had been able should be able have been able were able,2.How I wish I _ as well as she.shall sing can sing could sing should sing,3.I wish very much you _ manage to come over.will can could are able to,虚拟语气(3),as if/as though,as if/as
14、 though,1.从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生.,过去式(be用were),“had过去分词”。,2.从句所设想的时间先与主句谓语.,It looks as if she were sick.,I feel as if we had known each other for years.,He behaves as if he_(own)the house.,owned,She talks about Rome as though she _(be)there herself.,had been,他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a
15、 stranger.,Wish和as if/though 的虚拟语气只要把被假设情况的时态往前推一个就可以了。比如，与一般现在时相反就推到过去时，过去时推到过去完成时,wish&as if,虚拟语气(4),Would rather,would rather(that),现在:过去:未来:,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,I would rather you _(pay)me now.,paid,I would rather you _ then,too.,Dont come.I would rather you _(come)tomorrow.,had gone,came,虚拟语气(5),表示建议
16、、命令、要求、坚持,表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气,宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。即1).insist 2).order,command 3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire,国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。The king ordered that the prisoners _the next day.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。They requested that we_them to work there.,(should)be killed,(should)send,He de
17、manded that the classroom _ at once.A.should clean B.clean C.should have been cleaned D.be cleaned,我们建议Tom 去休息一下。We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.他坚决要求我到场。He insisted that I(should)be present.,1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she _(be)seriously
18、ill and that _(send)to hospitals at once.,obey,was,be sent,3.He suggested that we _(have)a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he _(be)ill.,have,was,其他情况,Its necessary/strange/natural/important/a pity/no wonder/impossible+that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形,It is important that we(shoul
19、d)master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.,Its(about/high)time+that,你该走了。,Its high time that you went.,Its high time that you should go.,过去时,should+V.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed.,Its time that we should go to bed.,If引导的虚拟语气,wish引导的虚拟语气,As if/as though引导的虚拟语气,would rather引导的虚拟语气,otherwise引导的虚拟语气,
