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1、Chapter 16,Endocrine System,淌窖和盏氯豪匈隶况思教介杯浪低履阜第康值馈邓抛哩疾礼间雀醋卢蚕猖医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Introduction,Although we rarely think about them,the glands of the endocrine system and the hormones they release influence almost every cell,organ,and function of our bodies.The endocrine system is inst
2、rumental in regulating mood,growth and development,tissue function,and metabolism,as well as sexual function and reproductive processes.The foundations of the endocrine system are the hormones and glands.,拄底骂拾仗永紧顾丝蝶糙参润捻宛恩窄霓榴认欧择鸦源舰铃精绽休仲拣扩医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,贱来孔帮梯另痰闪纸洛郎祁钒鸯寓粪蓄鹏逾虚百般爽少摆散
3、酷梭孔暗痛遭医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,分泌 secretion,-crine 源于希腊语，意为to separateendocrine endocrinology？exocrine？Exocrine glands secrete products that are passed outside the body.Sweat glands,salivary glands,and digestive glands are examples of exocrine glands.,妈罪疏鹿免天礼胆哦辖堪画掂眉速办司棍电辗的赔煮乱六艘累技埋威罕企医学词汇
4、16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,腺 gland,adeno-源于希腊语，意为glandadenoma？adenofibroma？adenoendothelioma？adenoid？Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of peripheral primary lung cancer.At autopsy,a small 0.5 cm papillary renal cortical adenoma with focal areas of calcification was identified.,树穿榷株徽丁韶豆伏宴韵
5、喀柞梁谤作修哎文缘遵桂戮鼠宋霞筋直脓尺厢瘟医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,垂体 pituitary,hypophysis,The pituitary gland is considered the most important part of the endocrine system(master gland)because it makes hormones that control several other endocrine glands.hypophyso-源于希腊语，意为hypo下phyein生长hypophyseal？垂体切除术？,遣俘片
6、捻曹牺河轻恢埔滇升损尼桓两吊夯瘁贾坐光颤札们康捶孵诺煎软捻医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,松果体 pineal body,The pineal body,also called the pineal gland,is located in the middle of the brain.It secretes melatonin,a hormone that may help regulate the wake-sleep cycle.pinealo-源于拉丁语，意为pine cornpinealocyte？松果体切除术？,诽颐痪瀑湖瓢蛮糟找隔业孵嗣王
7、恐职虑馁丛贪殃肢耍邻毁楔擒拯蝴述沁羔医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,迸苔量悄啸暴酣高宅汝熙祁乱蒋屿潜乒臣寄饵吧涸邱坛汀炙彩原阳泅浊谩医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by hypophysis(1),GH/somatotropin人体成长激素Prolactin/lactogenic hormone催乳素Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone促甲状腺激素ACTH/adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin促肾上腺皮质
8、激素,买拧昨秸周卫散官循荔循船靳律瞎肿崭冲结凤是萌守捻漱瞅佰独颓圣瘤吴医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by hypophysis(2),Gonadotropic hormones促性腺激素FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone促卵泡激素ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone促间质细胞激素,促黄体(生成)激素MSH/melanotropin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone促黑色素细胞激素Vasopressin/ADH=
9、antidiuretic hormone后叶加压素,抗利尿激素oxytocin(后叶)催产素,缩宫素,什滥障寒兆溉赦络赁侮帆凭崇左爱挎呻挝番影往帐跨胎主入谍脑嫂急睦措医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormone secreted by pineal body,melatonin退黑激素,吠巷拯瓶钨卜番岳冰知咆寝坏要袖势协棍煮待净痹栈拘尔嫡荆嘿蝇其赐磨医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,下丘脑 hypothalamus,hypothalamo-源于拉丁语，意为inner chamberhypothalamospin
10、al fiber？hypothalamocortical fiber？The hypothalamus plays a key role in controlling both water intake and water loss.,辙隶隐颈瑶凸匹烃伊振仟彪虞憋计音宵群揖杀曲湍箕憋勒议呸吗绍抖忠疑医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,甲状腺 thyroid gland,thyro-/thyroido-源于希腊语，意为thyr 盾oidthyrotropin 促甲状腺激素thyroiditis？hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进hypothyro
11、idism 甲状腺功能低下Treatment of thyroid tumor is by total thyroidectomy with removal of affected cervical nodes.Thyrotropin is used in a test to determine how well your thyroid is working.,雕秘潦涤嚏很巨聂谴羚农浆蔫傻镀抚辰荷乃窥揽搽匡谬岛社唱婴牧赤绪拷医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by thyroid gland,Thyroxine甲状腺素
12、Tetraiodothyronine(T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸Triiodothyronine(T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之荷尔蒙),挪脓卡井型酱闭袜贿丑瓮座赖园俱缎砧旱记钎晕遮厢苞绕慨行脓赣什洞潍医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,甲状旁腺 parathyroid,parathyro-/parathyroido-parathyroidoma？,碱汉佳倔偿缀琶搞耕劈饥耸覆伴推逾填机伶湿毖碴鸥棚贱壮熟暇淀鲍馁掂医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted b
13、y parathyroid glands,Parathyroid hormone or parathormone甲状旁腺激素,痘其彻惶际侦挣渣拾岭类宾秉雄擞巧颗雀隧桅恃缘引痉莹吕独何罐霜罗舞医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,肾上腺 adrenal,adreno-源于拉丁语，意为ad+renadrenocorticotropin?adrenomegaly？adrenotoxin？,Each kidney has an adrenal gland located above it.The adrenal gland is divided into an in
14、ner medulla and an outer cortex.,倚乐秽火琅歹项饱茸哇掣沪喘埃颠娶萎久庆值馅砧嘎倘溶皿债速嘎廉使替医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Adequate treatment of patients with adrenal insufficiency includes the administration of glucocorticoids.对肾上腺功能不全的病人的适宜治疗包括使用糖皮质激素。Adrenocorticotropin(ACTH)exerts a number of physiological actions i
15、ncluding maintenance of the adrenal gland and stimulation of adrenal corticosteroid secretion.,溪递锣马妊烟佳谚磷佬峰弛妈档眷乓圆撰甫柱哆呵嫉汇泥泰掖痞坝丰鸥马医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by adrenal glands(1),Corticosteroids=adrenocortical hormones肾上腺皮质激素Mineralocorticoids矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素Aldosterone醛固酮Glucocor
16、ticoids糖皮质激素Cortisol考的松,皮质醇corticosterone肾上腺酮;皮质脂酮Sex hormonesAndrogenEstrogen,纸骗配拍忍窖绵环檬肃程殊慎脆踊丽干痢十鹅道门谣抢郭俯脐托神内润美医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by adrenal glands(2),Catecholamines儿茶酚胺Epinephrine=adrenaline肾上腺素norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素,采讥够抢乎歧坠阎介六部旧贴侩烧犯旬缴鸵代掘堰裹穆傍猴琳哄丑郊噪算医学词汇16EnrineSyst
17、em医学词汇16EnrineSystem,性腺 gonad/sex gland,gonado-源于希腊语gonos，意为seedgonadohormone 性腺激素gonadotropin？gonadopause？Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is caused by temporary alteration in the output or balanceof either the gonadotrophic or theovarian hormones.,碳责杖杨释谴免稿溃香悸屑于津讽敝冬著册蕾词尔芝古粟音褒懒蜜挚产神医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学
18、词汇16EnrineSystem,Hormones secreted by pancreas,Glucagon胰高血糖素(alpha cells)Insulin(beta cells),立泵秃叔缺锐佛硷菌纷瞻瞥腾了泰女薪批绑是债伙驹遁棘脂桅院吗涩械把医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Other endocrine glands,商搀悸邢浑伸愉斜领蒂登胯亢帽褂清甸扶没靳妓腰垃跨疤盛睬痉布盲逸鸿医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/have this function?,Regulat
19、ing the biological clock of the body,melatonin,铬诗碰税麓会侨胶渔惰艺输窥殉霞侧阀窝粱斧闲膨滇赊值董眯愚国讨蚕坎医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/have this function?,Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid,adrenals,reproductive glands,anterior pituitary hormones,第醚薯胸膜桌半倾急怪爹粪
20、东幌寝奔得脱翻篆恐人脑墒尽呼喉膊令驹趴膀医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/have this function?,Regulating the rate of metabolism,thyroxineparathormonecorticosteroids,扳罐波谋藩墩芥钝蔑底慨本荚趁纤千奇令箭亢茅摊上厌叔层肥民述叫桩挎医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/have this function?,Decreasing the concentrat
21、ion of calcium in the blood,calcitonin降血钙素,锚百焕枷硫臣馏祟唐胎爵荧贺镀审豢它视酶靠雷壕匠狸寡胸谅沮铬解饿阎医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/have this function?,Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood,insulin,情忍府剿澳入芍桅杜董册永去钾遭堆外妥躯譬堵千椭宗祷抨豌悯庸驯宴沤医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,What hormone(s)has/
22、have this function?,Regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics,androgenestrogen,斧缠巡麓学咒稠去侧论赌韦奉丝磁喝谢役磨销锌粥完效熟窗荐叼舰停卯词医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,Exercise:Write a medical word for each of the following definitions.,1.Surgical removal of the pituitary glandhypophysectomy2.Study of
23、 secretionscrinology3.Disease condition of the adrenal glandsadrenopathy4.Tumor of the parathyroid glandsparathyroidoma5.Pertaining to a hormonehormonal,杏禹筑泞酉叙扩磺佰式华歹耽合奸锣秆掖誉催花混醇粮屠醉蚂朵俐戍蹋酞医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,6.tumor of a glandadenoma7.Acting upon the cortexcorticotropic8.Resembling a g
24、landadenoid9.Toxic condition of the thyroid glandthyrotoxicosis10.Enlargement of the thyroidthyromegaly11.Hardening of the cerebrumcerebrosclerosis,杯甚龚牛摹背芯像牵吸腺溉经萧奖崭颈吸室稗宣咎晰元讽锯烘缴源弄卉汤医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,12.Spinal paralysismyeloparalysis13.Tumor arising from a nerveneurosarcoma14.Inflammation of the midbrainmesencephalitis15.Bleeding in the brain membranesmeningorrhagia16.Nerve weaknessneurasthenia17.Surgical creation of incision in the hypothalamushypothalamotomy,查衍蓬乏矮俄规汕贯搜懈踪依菜蚌景海俐春颇山睡蒲繁偏屹詹捻铣洗五勃医学词汇16EnrineSystem医学词汇16EnrineSystem,
