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1、Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点)How to Develop Supporting Points from a Thesis Statement主讲教师：胡大为,Last Weeks Topics,T 1:Bike riding in ChinaT 2:Honeymoon and marriageT 3:Gender discrimination at workT 4:Educational equality in China,Four types of mistakes in writing thesis statement(中心论点句常见错误类型):,1
2、.Announcements instead of statements.2.Statements are too broad.3.Statements are too narrow.4.Statements develop more than one idea.,Quick Review of Thesis Statement,Three major aims of speaking or writing-New to inform(Quantum physics enables quick travel.)-Important to persuade(Happiness is more i
3、mportant than financial success.)-Interesting to entertain(Classic words from Sha Wujing in Journey to the West.),Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Three major aims of speaking or writing-New to inform(Objects,process,events,concepts,etc.)-Important to persuade(Questions of fact,value,policy,etc.)-
4、Interesting to entertain(Hilarious things of all kinds),Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),General orders of arranging supporting points1)Chronological(Time)Order-To inform on events2)Spatial Order-To inform on scenic spots3)Problem-Solution Order-To persuade on a serious issue4)Topical Order-subtop
5、ics,to inform/persuade5)Emphatic Order-“Saving the best till last.”,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Title(Topic)of the Essay,Opening remarks to catch readers interestThesis statementPlan of development(optional),Topic sentence 1(supporting point 1)Specific evidence,Topic sentence 2(supporting poi
6、nt 2)Specific evidence,Topic sentence 3(supporting point 3)Specific evidence,Summary(optional)General closing remarks(Or both),Introduction(Beginning Part),Body,Conclusion(Ending Part),How to combine 3 aims and 5 orders to develop supporting points in the right way?1)Your thesis statement2)Your purp
7、ose(to inform/persuade)3)Your audience,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Informative speech Persuasive speech,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),About informative speech(信息型演讲)1)Not to support a cause2)Is the information communicated accurately?3)Is it communicated clearly?4)Is it meaningful and in
8、teresting to the audience?5)Is it new or unique?,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),About persuasive speech(说服型演讲)1)Get listeners to agree with you and to act.2)Listeners may argue,inside their own minds,with the speaker.3)Put yourself in the place of the audience.
9、4)DO NOT expect all the audience to agree with you.,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),1)Persuasive speeches on questions of fact:,The English plays attributed to William Shakespeare were actually written by someone else.1.Biographical and textual evidence suggest that Shakespeare did not write the
10、plays.2.Historical evidence indicates that those plays were probably written by either Francis Bacon or Edward de Vere.3.Modern computer technologies also found out the sharp difference between his early works and the more famous ones.,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),2)Persuasive speeches on ques
11、tions of value:,-Argue about what is right or wrong(not too specific)-Order of development:Being organized topically-Strategies:(Supporting point 1)Establish the standards for your value judgment.(Supporting point 2)Apply those standards to the subject of your speech.(Supporting point 3)Offer more s
12、upporting evidence besides the standards.,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),3)Persuasive speeches on questions of policy:,-Specific actions.-Something should or should not be done.-Orders and strategies:(A)Problem-Cause-Solution order(Supporting point 1)The seriousness of the problem(Supporting poi
13、nt 2)The causes of the problem(Supporting point 3)The solution of the problem,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),3)Persuasive speeches on questions of policy:,-Specific actions.-Something should or should not be done.-Orders and strategies:(B)Comparative Advantage order(Supporting point 1)Comparison
14、 one(Supporting point 2)Comparison two(Supporting point 3)Comparison three,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Tips for writing supporting points:,1.Limit the number of supporting points(2-3).,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Tips for writing supporting points:,Limit the number of supporting points
15、(2-3).Keep supporting points separate.,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Tips for writing supporting points:,Limit the number of supporting points(2-3).Keep supporting points separate.Use the same pattern of wording for supporting points.(voice and structure),Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),Tips for writing supporting points:,Limit the number of supporting points(2-3).Keep supporting points separate.Use the same pattern of wording for supporting points.Balance the number of words devoted to each supporting points.,Chapter 3 Supporting Points(提炼分论点),
