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1、水资源规划与利用课程设计说明书学号班级水利与环境学院学院指导老师：徐刚2014年6月20日1. 设计目的对流域上一水库进行水资源规划及利用的相关工作，通过本次课程设计，学 生应该掌握如下要点：(1) 水能计算目的：进行径流调节计算，确定保证出力和多年平均发电量等 动能指标，为选择水电站的装机容量等主要参数及确定其在电力系统中的运行方 式等提供依据；(2) 掌握保证出力计算和多年平均发电量计算的基本原理、方法、步骤及各 自的特点；(3) 了解工程设计所需径流调节计算要解决的课题；(4) 掌握电站财务评价计算的基本原理、方法、步骤；(5) 培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。2. 设计基本资料(1)
2、设计水平年和设计保证率雾渡河一级电站规模小，工期短，根据小水电水能设计规程(SL76-2009) 相关规定及黄柏河西支流域规划梯级电站开发建设进展情况，拟定雾渡河一级电 站设计水平年为2020年。雾渡河一级电站装机规模小，仅3000KW，在系统中所占比重很小，在省电力 系统电源构成中，有调节能力的水电站占系统容量在50%以上，根据小水电水 能设计规程(SL76-2009)，水电站设计保证率取用85%。(2 )径流特性及设计代表年雾渡河一级电站坝址位于小河口，下距雾渡河水文站约10公里。雾渡河水 文站为当然的水文参证站，具有1972-2005年共34年系列的实测水文资料，并 根据降雨量径流相关(
3、相关系数为Y=0.91)，延长了 1960-1971年共12年的径 流系列，计算采用的径流系列为46年,雾渡河水文站多年平均流量3.47m3/s)。 以雾渡河水文站为参证站，用水文比拟法按流域面积进行径流移植，并采用流域 多年平均降雨量修正，求得雾渡河一级电站坝址多年平均流量2.61 m3/s，年径 流量8216.9万m3。雾渡河一级电站，水能计算按日平均流量计算，丰、平、枯三个典型年按P丰=15%, P平=50%, P枯=85%选定，丰水年为1980年，平水年为 1977年，枯水年1995年。三个代表年的逐日流量成果如下。表1雾渡河一级电站坝址处p=15%（1980年）设计逐日平均流量（单位
4、：m3/s）月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月10.700.620.831.580.905.912.4623.903.781.341.000.8920.700.560.801.320.872.319.6218.763.221.370.950.8530.690.570.891.140.851.265.7811.392.991.350.980.8040.690.541.060.970.720.9526.9357.883.021.611.010.7650.690.540.941.810.650.9812.5821.885.082.361.000.7660.650.541.1
5、02.780.6234.756.589.635.782.050.940.7870.650.521.191.831.747.894.426.059.131.571.030.7680.630.521.081.501.223.507.374.6111.971.420.910.7390.650.531.031.220.862.596.363.7813.241.830.840.74100.620.570.951.050.724.145.163.337.652.330.870.72110.600.590.921.030.703.164.493.265.272.780.810.72120.570.570.8
6、80.990.652.815.013.284.312.500.780.71130.570.570.880.950.622.015.002.593.582.120.780.69140.550.630.851.070.711.533.972.093.161.640.740.69150.540.590.870.940.661.233.001.932.881.640.800.71160.560.630.840.880.714.912.701.992.612.400.850.72170.560.630.810.800.7029.1017.471.912.371.890.790.72180.560.620
7、.830.660.5915.3817.273.032.301.570.750.72190.560.680.810.590.7230.1350.412.852.181.430.770.70200.550.870.840.620.6716.1527.922.331.991.330.810.68210.560.731.980.610.537.1911.7532.311.831.340.780.72220.530.672.500.590.434.356.7622.412.021.790.790.75230.530.742.170.640.395.544.5812.382.491.520.800.692
8、40.530.812.071.850.6168.553.6511.432.241.451.790.66250.520.811.852.400.9427.082.9516.831.851.301.280.66260.550.952.501.990.6210.872.939.231.721.150.990.63270.570.863.051.780.466.162.436.231.631.090.920.65280.660.762.871.390.354.402.0918.951.441.050.920.63290.720.762.281.240.243.471.9611.261.401.041.
9、020.64300.651.851.010.283.275.686.781.401.030.930.58310.631.747.435.974.940.970.59表2雾渡河一级电站坝址处p=50%（1977年）设计逐日平均流量（单位：m3/s)月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月21.910.800.720.711.7101.931.476.851.040.684.640.8113.320.720.730.711.5041.371.234.181.190.672.370.8545.930.700.730.741.51429.31.001.362.741.190.551
10、.770.8340.720.750.671.6510.961.302.120.890.491.460.7750.670.710.631.8916.8 00.751.312.010.909.471.400.7660.740.710.633.649.630.801.181.721.306.091.840.7270.680.720.6310.796.330.911.161.473.572.603.100.7180.770.600.5912.519.391.291.971.282.061.712.940.8290.770.570.587.328.561.331.071.321.541.342.210.
11、78100.700.750.824.436.500.940.781.981.231.021.950.75110.770.761.522.994.930.7713.752.630.990.981.450.67120.710.821.792.513.880.606.822.440.960.911.170.73130.680.872.492.403.780.642.772.820.960.961.110.68140.640.851.553.993.981.161.732.351.000.881.090.75150.530.791.467.433.691.441.512.221.070.791.100
12、.77160.630.761.815.572.901.192.321.851.280.851.080.83170.700.692.265.842.491.0548.741.520.980.771.180.77180.680.723.444.002.570.9822.071.251.260.961.140.76190.650.683.002.992.831.2919.351.150.990.890.950.78200.680.742.312.532.511.037.881.140.910.801.130.77210.680.571.752.182.270.854.060.990.860.741.
13、070.80220.660.601.512.061.890.732.791.020.750.700.960.80230.650.631.563.331.840.692.101.280.740.640.800.86240.650.711.422.842.500.805.271.270.730.660.680.80250.700.691.212.242.570.8218.691.280.630.740.690.78260.670.681.133.491.900.8216.381.560.651.840.730.75270.630.751.019.631.571.3711.531.300.952.5
14、40.960.71280.600.711.108.091.401.337.931.651.002.840.890.73290.543.285.201.362.8716.381.370.754.980.680.77300.602.544.091.314.099.391.040.744.340.720.92310.772.201.448.560.9310.70.940表3雾渡河一级电站坝址处p=85% （1995年）设计逐日平均流量（单位：m%）月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月10.920.760.970.630.710.811.361.140.880.751.360.
15、9220.900.770.970.590.741.851.290.860.891.161.290.8630.880.800.960.480.701.160.980.770.865.241.270.8140.900.750.900.470.590.940.903.980.962.661.250.8050.890.740.850.470.520.810.844.841.041.551.200.7960.880.760.830.470.571.120.794.221.021.251.170.7570.840.710.790.470.711.493.864.180.991.561.160.7426.5
16、15.580.770.690.740.470.630.89100.931.611.140.7415.890.940.720.820.400.600.769.5620.911.321.120.7422.9100.960.760.820.350.604.123.8471.401.170.870.7430.2110.920.820.740.350.606.432.4281.521.100.760.7425.0120.930.800.680.350.602.601.7861.201.040.760.74130.900.790.690.760.601.562.169.241.182.750.770.74
17、140.860.730.690.890.603.041.496.111.136.580.960.74150.840.690.680.710.606.182.264.251.082.160.860.79160.860.710.690.690.602.694.573.071.081.430.890.99170.840.840.711.330.571.892.145.511.001.870.920.95180.820.980.691.120.491.331.477.090.885.200.930.85190.810.940.671.072.011.191.263.480.875.340.930.84
18、14.3200.790.950.600.872.401.361.172.350.8580.930.84210.910.950.550.831.252.631.072.510.815.820.930.84220.970.950.571.411.066.380.972.120.794.170.940.84230.930.930.582.100.783.130.831.940.755.570.920.84240.910.910.641.540.652.160.881.860.755.460.870.84250.910.911.181.200.602.100.891.750.753.470.870.8
19、2260.910.930.821.000.551.640.931.490.752.410.870.79270.880.970.740.890.511.290.901.210.802.150.850.72280.830.970.640.830.571.480.881.120.881.760.870.74290.840.550.801.151.160.801.140.761.450.870.66300.790.610.760.751.030.881.080.751.450.890.55310.740.630.842.140.861.570.56（3）该电站厂址水位流量关系曲线已知。由实测1： 10
20、00的坝址地形图，量取纵横断面资料，由曼宁公式Q - ar % 八 2n计算，n值采用0.0320.04。关系曲线如表4所示。表4雾渡河厂址水位流量关系曲线水位(m)444.4445.0446.0447.0448.8449.0449.6流量(m3/s)0.0211.45106.20281.30528.00841.901061.4 0(4) 水能计算参数 出力系数根据水轮机额定效率91%和发电机效率在97.5%的情况下，出力系数采用 A=8.3。 设计净水头经计算电站总水头损失为5.5米，在正常蓄水位为546.0米，正常尾水位 444.7米的情况下，则电站设计净水头为95.8米。 生态需水量根据
21、建设项目水资源论证导则(试行)(SL/E322-2005)条文说明5.4.5 的规定，生态需水量原则上按多年平均流量的10%20%确定。本电站至下一级 电站之间无特别重要的用水对象，故生态需水量按坝址多年平均流量2.61 m3/s 的10%计算，即发电流量为入库流量扣除0.261 m3/s。雾渡河镇远景(2015年) 人口为3191人，日用水量为558 m3，折合日流量为0.0065 m/s，可满足其需 要。雾渡河镇远景(2015年)人口为3191人，日用水量为558 m3，折合日流 量为0.0065 m3/s，可满足其需要。(5) 径流调节计算原则本工程为引水式电站，以丰、平、枯代表年的日流
22、量为单位进行调节计算， 以每日的来水量下泄所需的生态水量后进行径流调节计算。(6) 财务评价基本数据 资产情况：雾渡河一级水电站工程静态总投资1872.00万元，工程静态投 资的70%由银行贷款，共1310.40万元，自有资本金按静态30%为561.60万元。 根据施工组织设计和投资计划安排，工程建设期24个月，运行期25年。电站工 程计划第一年完成静态投资842.44万元，除去资本金，尚需贷款280.84万元。 第二年完成余下投资1029.56万元，资金全部靠贷款。贷款年利率6.84%。项目 在建设期末，即达到设计生产能力。计算期时间基点选在建设期的第一年初。 电量情况：多年平均发电量取本课
23、程设计的水能计算结果，水电站厂用电 率取1.5%。 成本费用情况：年运行费是指建设项目每年支出的运行管理费，包括工资、 福利费、水费、修理费及其他费用，其中工资按电站定员人数乘年平均工资计算。 电站定员16人，年平均工资按当地电站平均工资8000元计算，综合折旧率3.5% 提取折旧费。 利税情况：财务基准收益率采用7%；社会折现率采用8%；增值税的计税 基数为发电销售收入，税率17%，城市建设维护费和教育费附加分别取增值税的 1%和3%。所得税率为33%。 贷款偿还期为8年，上网电价为0.35元/kwh。3. 设计步骤3.1日平均流量频率计算根据水文年计算选定的丰，平，枯三个典型年的日平均流量
24、，经过整理平均 流量数据，相关计算成果如表5所示。表5雾渡河典型年日平均分组流量频率曲线计算表日平均流量分组下限(m3/s)日平均流量分组上 限(m3/s)分组日流量平均值(m3/s)出现日数(d)累计出现日数(d)频率(保证 率)p(%)65.0070.0067.50110.09160.0065.0062.50010.09155.0060.0057.50120.18250.0055.0052.50130.27345.0050.0047.50250.45640.0045.0042.50050.45635.0040.0037.50050.45630.0035.0032.50490.82025.0
25、030.0027.507161.45920.0025.0022.506222.00515.0020.0017.5014363.28210.0015.0012.5016524.7409.0010.009.5011635.7438.009.008.503666.0167.008.007.5010766.9286.007.006.5017938.4785.506.005.75111049.4805.005.505.251111510.4834.504.504.50912411.3044.004.504.251814212.9443.504.003.751615814.4033.003.503.252
26、318116.5002.803.002.901619717.9582.602.802.701421119.2342.402.602.502623721.6042.202.402.302025723.4282.102.202.151527224.7952.002.102.051028225.7061.902.001.951329526.8921.851.901.881230727.9851.801.851.83831528.7151.751.801.78932429.5351.701.751.73733130.1731.651.701.68233330.3561.601.651.63633930
27、.9021.551.601.581135031.9051.501.551.531236232.9991.451.501.481337534.1841.401.451.431338835.3691.351.401.381139936.3721.301.351.331741637.9221.251.301.281943539.6541.201.251.231144640.6561.151.201.182246842.6621.101.151.131848644.3031.051.101.081850445.9431.001.051.032552948.2220.981.000.991454349.
28、4990.960.980.971956251.2310.940.960.952158353.1450.920.940.932160455.0590.900.920.911962356.7910.890.900.901363657.9760.880.890.891364959.1610.870.880.881366260.3460.860.870.871167361.3490.850.860.861268562.4430.840.850.851670163.9020.830.840.84971064.7220.820.830.831172165.7250.810.820.821273366.81
29、90.800.810.811975268.5510.790.800.801376569.7360.780.790.79977470.5560.770.780.781679072.0150.760.770.771880873.6550.750.760.762082875.4790.740.750.752585377.7580.730.740.741086378.6690.720.730.731988280.4010.710.720.721990182.1330.700.710.711191283.1360.690.700.701792984.6860.680.690.691594486.0530
30、.670.680.68895286.7820.660.670.67896087.5110.650.660.661297288.6050.640.650.65797989.2430.630.640.641799690.7930.620.630.637100391.4310.610.620.623100691.7050.600.610.6116102293.1630.590.600.609103193.9840.580.590.593103494.2570.570.580.5813104795.4420.560.570.577105496.0800.550.560.568106296.8090.5
31、40.550.555106797.2650.530.540.546107397.8120.520.530.534107798.1770.510.520.521107898.2680.500.510.510107898.2680.490.500.502108098.4500.480.490.491108198.5410.470.480.485108698.9970.460.470.471108799.0880.450.460.460108799.0880.350.450.400.250.350.307109499.7272109699.909根据表5绘制流量频率曲线如下图。图1雾渡河电站日平均流
32、量频率曲线令、窒)埋涎3.2水能调节计算计算表格如下。表6雾渡河水能调节计算表入库流量(m3/s)生态流量发电(m3/s流量(m3/s)频率(%)历时(h)平均历水流出力时(h) (kW)水流出分级电累计电 力差值 量(104量(104 (kW) kwh) kwh)利用小时(h)123456789101167.500.2667.240.0917.997.9953465.213975.703.171778.52332.6562.500.2662.240.0917.9911.9849489.513975.704.761775.34358.7357.500.2657.240.18215.9719.9
33、645513.813975.707.941770.58389.0252.500.2652.240.27323.9631.9441538.113975.7012.701762.64424.3447.500.2647.240.45639.9339.9337562.413975.7015.871749.94465.8842.500.2642.240.45639.9339.9333586.713975.7015.871734.07516.3037.500.2637.240.45639.9355.9029611.013975.7022.221718.20580.2632.500.2632.240.820
34、71.8799.8225635.313975.7039.681695.97661.5827.500.2627.241.459127.77151.7221659.613975.7060.321656.29764.6922.500.2622.242.005175.68231.5817683.913975.7092.071595.97902.5017.500.2617.243.282287.47351.3613708.213975.70139.691503.901097.0812.500.2612.244.740415.24459.169732.512385.42109.531364.211401.709.500.269.245.743503.08515.067347.09795.1440.95 1254.681707.738.500.268.246.016527.04566.966551.95795.1445.08 1213.731852.47)7.500.267.246.928606.89674.775756.81795.1453.65 116
