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1、Grammar,The Attributive Clause,分析句子成分,I swim主 谓I love you 主 谓 宾I am a student 主 系 表I saw you yesterday主 谓 宾 状语,什么是定语从句,定语从句形容词从句,我看见一个美丽的姑娘,我看见一个正唱着歌的姑娘,I saw a beautiful girl,I saw a girl who was singing a song,I have an apple.,The apple is red.,I have an apple,that/which is red.,修饰先行词 an apple,I l
2、ike some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I like frineds,who/that like sports.,修饰先行词 friends,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,事，物：which/that/whose/as 人：who/whom/whose/that/as,地点：where时间：when原因：why,the usage of the relative pronoun,who,whom,which,that,whose,表语,定语,as,The man
3、who helped you is Mr White.This is the person(who)you want to see.,The person(whom)Tom is talking to is my father.,A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words.The film which we just talked about is very interesting.Tom is late again,which makes his teacher very angry.They staye
4、d with me for two weeks,during which time they drank all the beer I had.Eric received training in computer for one year,after which he found a job in a big company.,Im not the fool(that)you thought me to be.The man that helped you is Mr White.This is the person(that)you want to see.A dictionary is a
5、 useful book that tells us the meaning of words.The film that we just talked about is very interesting.,We are talking about the way in which he speaks English.We are talking about the way that he speaks English.We are talking about the way he speaks English.,Id like a room whose window looks out ov
6、er the sea.Id like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.He has a friend the father of whom is a doctor.,We are facing the same problems as we did years ago.Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as/so many words as a dog does.We hop
7、e to get such a tool as he is using.Hes such a good student as everyone likes.Hes such a good student that everyone likes him.,He married the girl，as(which)was natural.He seemed a foreigner,as(which)in fact he was.As was natural,he married the girl.Tom is late again,which makes his teacher very angr
8、y.The earth travels around the sun,as is well known to us all.,the usage of the relative adverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?They still remember the happy days(which/that)they spent in Beidaihe.In a sports team each player has a cle
9、ar role，and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles,The house where they live is not very large.Well visit the factory which/that makes radios.While public speaking focuses on an individual,debate is an activity where two or more speakers present their opinions
10、in support and against a given issue.Chinas new food law provides for a food recall(召回)system where producers have to stop production if their food isnt up to standards.,This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.We are not satisfied with the reason that/which he gave us.,at which he work
11、s.which he works at.That is the college where he works.that he works at.he works at.,on which he was born which he was born onThe day when he was born was 2nd Mar.that he was born on he was born on,This is the reason why/for which he did not came to the meeting.,“介词关系代词”用法1.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：
12、Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.3.The train on which I went to Beijing is an express.,起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词/整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,1.有that,无that,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,2.作宾语
13、时可以省略,不可以省略,当关系代词指代整个主句内容时。,He was late again,which made his teacher very angry.,只用非限制性定语从句的情况：,当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时。,The moon,which is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth,goes around the earth.,只用非限制性定语从句的情况：,先行词是人名、地名、国名、建筑物等专有名词时。,Yesterday he left America,where he had stayed for two years.,I ha
14、ve a son who is a doctor.I have a son,who is a docotor.,只用that引导 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.2.指物的先行词被any,every,only,very,all,no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me.Thats the only watch that I like most.,3.指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step(that
15、)we are to take is very difficult.This is the second card(that)he gave me.4.先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it.Have you got everything(that)you need?5.先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?,不用that的场合如下：1.非限制性定语从句中 La
16、st night,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March.2.介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news3.句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.,Anyone who breaks the law is punished.Those who break the law are punished.He who breaks the law is punished.,定语从句
17、中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。I am not one who _afraid of difficultyDont choose me,who _not fit for this job,is,am,This is one of the best books _.A.that have ever been written B.that has ever been written C.that has written D.that have writtenShe is not the only one of the girls _ well in cla
18、ss.A.which sings B.who sing C.who sings D.who to sing,Is this factory _ we visited last week?,D,Is this the factory _ we visited last Week?,A、where B、thatC、to which D、the one,B,解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。,Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、which,A,先行词
19、是situation,case,scene，一般用where,14.This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.that C.the one D.A&B,D,比较：.the same pen as I lost.the same pen that I lost.,表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是,则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支.,The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve.The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve it.A.as B.that C.which D.the ones,A,B,so.that 后面跟的是一个结果状语从句,
