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1、Unit 5 Canada“The True North”,Useful Structures,Noun Clauses(3),Division of Clauses,同位语从句(Unit5),名词从句：名词从句在句中是一个相当于名词的主谓结构。名词从句含盖了主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,Noun Clauses,名词从句中的从属连词在从句里不担任任何成分，只起连接的作用；而关系代词和关系副词不仅仅是起连接的作用，而且还在从句里担任一定的成分;关系代词常在从句中担任主语、宾语或表语等成分；关系副词常在从句中担任状语。另外，注意在使用上面的这些关系词区别，从句全用陈述语序！,引导词
2、,注意,1.从属连词：that（无有词义）,whether（是否）,if（是否）2.关系代词：who（谁，主格）,whom（谁，宾格）,whose（谁的，所有格）,what（什么）,which（哪个，哪些）3.关系副词：when（什么时候）where（什么地方）why（为什么）,how（怎样）,在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which不能引导同位语从句）引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定
3、语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有advice,announcement,argument,belief,claim,conclusion,decision,doubt，evidence,explanation,fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,information,knowledge,message,news,opinion,order,possibility,promise,proposal,question，remark,reply,report,saying,statement,
4、suggestion,thought,treat,warning,wish,word 等。,Appositive clause,Appositive clause,1.I heard the news that our team had won我听到了我们队获胜的消息。2.I had no idea that you were here我不知道你在这里。3.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。4.Ive come from Mr wang with a message that
5、he wont be able to see you this afternoon我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。,引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。Read through世纪金榜on PP89-90,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：The news that l have passed the exam is true我
6、通过了考试这一消息是真的。（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）The news that he told me just now is true他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）,2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法
7、使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）The idea that he gave surprises many people他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。,Practice,解析：答案为C。本题考查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法。此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故what最合适。,1.A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001
8、)A.how B.after C.what D.when,2._ he led the strike cost him his life.Because B.The fact C.When D.That,【答案】D【解析】本题考查主语从句的用法。题意是“他领导了罢工，从而送了性命。”从汉语猜度去考虑似乎要填入Because，但从句子的结构来看，cost him his life是句子的谓语和宾语，前应是主语，而Because引出的从句是状语从句，排除A项。The fact后跟同位语从句时，要用that引导，而When显然与题意不符，排除B、C。答案为D，That在此引出的是主语从句。,3.Do
9、 you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?(2005辽宁，)that B.what C.as D.which,【答案】B【解析】“what is actually going on”为同位语从句，作 idea的同位语，同时，what又在同位语从句中作主语。,Consolidation,Read through 世纪金榜 PP89-90 Read Textbook PP94-95,P37,1.The idea that they would cross the whole continent was exciting.,
10、2.The idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days is just wrong.,3.The fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.,同位语从句,引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，且不能省略。,P71,1.that we should take the train from west to east across Canada sounds very exciting,2.The idea that they would clon
11、e the first human being surprised many people at the meeting.,3.He broke the rule that no one is allowed to smoke on the campus.,4.The Chinese basketball fans were wild with joy when they heard the news that Yao Ming had collected forty points for the Houston Rockets in the game.,5.Mary left a messa
12、ge with me for you that she wont be able to see you off this afternoon.,同位语从句,6.There is no doubt that he is the right person for this job.,7.In the letter he expressed the hope that he would come and visit China again.,8.The captain gave the order that all the soldiers had to reach the village befo
13、re dawn.,9.Not everyone present agrees to his thought that it is impossible to finish the work before the end of this month.,P71,同位语从句,1.Finish Ex.2 on P70 in WB2.Finish 世纪金榜 on P90&P93 语法专练(IV),HOMEWORK,P70,P70,2.He quickly settled down to work because he has a gift for working with other people.,3.The coastline is so long that it is impossible for me to go as far as that distance.,4.Can you figure out the total number within ten minutes?,1.I found the tour crossing the continent extremely challenging.,5.The lake is surrounded by mountains,and it looks like a pearl from the sky.,
