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1、LOGICAL THINKING AS A CONSULTANT,DURING THE COURSE OF A STUDY TEAMS ARE CONTINUALLY MOVING FROM THINKING TO DOING,The Problem Solving Process,Organising,Thinking,Doing,Generate hypotheses/determine analytical paths/gather information,Writeworkplan,Working Slide 2,Working Slide 1,Draw conclusions fro
2、m data,Map logical argument,Formulate recommendations,Final Slide 2,Final Slide 1,Provide detailedfact base for presentation,Gather data,do analysis,Slide Writing,DATA VS INFORMATION,WHAT IS DATA?,One competitor has significantly lower overheadsBondexs market share is 40%,Bondexs corporate policies
3、not commonly applied across the divisionsCompetitors targeting middle segment have growing shareBondex has five divisions,Data is a set of discrete pieces of information,HighLevelofAbstractionLow,WHAT IS LOGIC?,Argument ABondex has five divisionsCorporate policies not uniformly applied across divisi
4、onsThis is creating conflicts in the way divisional performance is reportedNeed to align performance measurement for effective comparisons of performance,Logic is the system of relationships between those pieces of information,Flow of Logic,Argument BBondex has five divisionsCorporate policies not u
5、niformly applied across divisionsThis is because some policies run counter to key divisional objectivesCorporate policies need to be redrafted,IN A BROAD SENSE,ALL WRITTEN PIECES ARE LOOSELY STRUCTURED IN THE FORM OF A PYRAMID,Example Of A Written Work,Book Title,The Zen MasterA Biography of Joe Blo
6、w,Chinas leading retail strategy expert,Thechildprodigy,Worldwide business and expert author,Reaching retail heaven,ChapterHeadings,Subsections,Paragraphs,Progressively smaller,and more easily digestible pieces,ALL ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION ARE FOUNDED ON ONE SIMPLE PRINCIPLE,.tailoring th
7、e information to your audiences perspective,WHAT IS THE COMMON PERSPECTIVE OF OUR AUDIENCES?,Your audience wants To be clear on the recommended path of actionTo take in what we are saying quickly and easilyTo have confidence in the validity of the material,This is fulfilled by Action initiatives are
8、 immediately obviousTransparently clear progression of ideasAbsolutely convincing support,BUT,IN CONVENTIONALLY STRUCTURED DOCUMENTS CONCLUSIONS ARE BURIED AT THE ENDS OF SECTIONS,A Conventional Structure,Title:,Chapters:,Subsections:,Paragraphs:,Sale of the site,Relocation of plant and machinery,Re
9、allocation of staff,Asset Deployment:Plant No.7,Sale of site will generate RMB x Bn,SOLUTION:CREATE A LOGICAL STRUCTURE-THE PYRAMID,From the Data.,Golden Leaf Corp.Plant manager can replace retiring PM at Urumqi plantLocation provides valuable advantages to two prospective buyersPackaging machines c
10、an replace slower,low tech machines at UrumqiOperators can be absorbed at Artux where throughput is growingCentral For Double Happiness Inc.distribution outletsHarbin HoldingsThere are three prospective buyers for the sitesThese advantages are worth between RMB and RMB to eachMixing and filling equi
11、pment can be sold to private label suppliersSale of site will release RMB to RMB BnAdjacent to flour mill for Harbins bakery lineForemen and Chemist can be allocated to the new Beihai plantAll of No.7 plants assets can be effectively redeployedAll staff can be retained for new positions in the new o
12、r higher capacity plantsDouble Happiness Inc.Therefore sale of site will release between RMB and RMB Bn Most plant and machinery can be sold or relocated,.to the Storyline,THE LOGICAL PYRAMID IS THE BEST STRUCTURE FOR PRESENTING INFORMATION-BASED MATERIAL,The essence of the argument is consistently
13、extracted out of the body of detailConclusions raised prominently to the top of each sectionPresenting the material in a pre-interpreted form for easy assimilationEvery conclusion is grounded in a sound logical basis,CREATING A LOGICAL STRUCTURE FRAMEWORK,Key message:,Sections:,Subsections:,Paragrap
14、hs:,Structure consists of a logical framework,Applied Pyramid Structure,TO TEST THE SOUNDNESS OF YOUR PYRAMID STRUCTURE,Are the groupings at each level mutually exclusive?Does each summary point completely and validly summarise the components of the group below it?Do the components of each group int
15、errelate logically i.e.either.as a list of reasons,steps,pieces of evidence etcor.a chain of ideas that leads to a“therefore”conclusion,NOW ITS YOUR TURN,Golden Leaf Corp.Plant manager can replace retiring PM at Urumqi plantLocation provides valuable advantages to two prospective buyersPackaging mac
16、hines can replace slower,low tech machines at UrumqiOperators can be absorbed at Artux where throughput is growingCentral For Double Happiness Inc.distribution outletsHarbin HoldingsThere are three prospective buyers for the sitesThese advantages are worth between RMB and RMB to eachMixing and filli
17、ng equipment can be sold to private label suppliersSale of site will release RMB to RMB BnAdjacent to flour mill for Harbins bakery lineForemen and Chemist can be allocated to the new Beihai plantAll of No.7 plants assets can be effectively redeployedAll staff can be retained for new positions in th
18、e new or higher capacity plantsDouble Happiness Inc.Therefore sale of site will release between RMB and RMB Bn Most plant and machinery can be sold or relocated,IN LOGICAL STRUCTURES THE HEADINGS ARTICULATE THE KEY CONCLUSIONS WITHIN EACH PARTICULAR SECTION,Logic Structure For Plant No.7,Key Message
19、:,Sections:,Subsections:,Paragraphs:,Sale of the site will release RMB Bn?,All plant and machinery can be relocated at other mines,All staff can be retrained for new positions in the expanding divisions,All of Plant 7s assets can be effectively redeployed,Structure consists of a logical framework,TH
20、E LOGIC PYRAMID FOR PLANT NO.7,All of Plant No.7s assets can be effectively redeployed,Sale of site will release RMB to RMB Bn,Most plant and machinery can be sold or relocated,All staff can be retained for new positions in the new or higher capacity plants,There are three prospective buyers for the
21、 sites,The location provides valuable advantages to two buyers,These advantages are worth between RMB and RMB to each,Therefore sale of site will release between$and$,Mixing and filling equipment can be sold to private label suppliers,Packaging machines can replace slower,low tech machines at Urumqi
22、,Golden Leaf Corp.,Harbin Holdings,Double Happiness Inc.,Central For Double Happiness Inc.distribution outlets,Adjacent to flour mill for Harbins bakery line,HOW TO CONSTRUCT A POWERFUL PYRAMID LOGIC,1.Begin by addressing the question that generated the project or module.Position the answer to that
23、question at the top of your storyline2.Group your ideas into“MECE”Mutually exclusive.collectively exhaustive groupingsand formulate assertions which summarise each group of ideas3.Map out the thought line in a logic tree4.Link the ideas within each grouping viaInductive or.deductive lines of reasoni
24、ng,Clarity of argumentSoundness of argument,THE LEAD THOUGHT SHOULD DIRECTLY ADDRESS THE QUESTION WHICH GENERATED THE PROJECT/MODULE,Process For Determining The Leading Thought Of A Pyramid,What is the subject I am considering?What is the central question my audience poses about that subject?What is
25、 my answer to that question?My answer to that question forms the leading thought which governs my pyramid and the structure of my presentation,Closure of Plant No.7Can Plant No.7s assets be redeployed effectively after closure?YesPlant 7s assets can be redeployed effectively after closure of the min
26、e,THERE ARE TWO FORMS OF REASONING TO APPLY(I),Inductive Reasoning,Deductive Reasoning,A list of steps,reasons,pieces of evidence etc.for a statement,We must reduce our delivery timeCustomers are demanding it-70%would pay more for less than 3 day service-60%will switch suppliers for 30%increase in s
27、peedCompetitors are providing it-Yukohmana can deliver in 1.5 days-Hawazaki can deliver in 2 daysWe must reduce costs to protect profitsWorld cotton prices will remain low for 2-3 yearsWith these prices,we will be unprofitable at current cost levelsTherefore we must take steps to reduce costs,THERE
28、ARE TWO FORMS OF REASONING TO APPLY(II),Inductive Reasoning,Deductive Reasoning,A series of ideas and evidence leading to a therefore conclusion,CONCLUSIONS AT EACH LEVEL MUST COMPLETELY AND VALIDLY SUMMARISE THE MATERIAL LYING BELOW THEM,Most plant and machinery can be sold or relocated,Plant manag
29、er can replace retiring PM at Urumqi,Foremen and chemists can be allocated to the new Beihai plant,Operators can be absorbed at Artux where throughput is growing,Key Message:Section:Subsections:,All of Plant 7s assets can be effectively redeployed,Sale of the site will release RMB Bn?,All staff can
30、be retrained for new positions in new or higher capacity plants,LEARNINGS FOR RESULTING STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATIONS,Example:A Presentation Outline,.,1st Slide,1st Slide,1st Slide,Market Summary(map),Executive Summary,1993 Performance Review,1994 Plan,Major Issues Discussion,Succinct summary of plans
31、ability to improve current performance,Succinct summary of performanceKey supporting points substantiating conclusion above and road map to following slides,Succinct summary of planSupporting points and road map,.,.,.,(as above),(as above),CREATING HIGH IMPACT PYRAMID STRUCTURES IN YOUR DECKSMany Vi
32、ews-One Humble Managers Point of View,“Go into seclusion and think deep thoughts”Who is your target audience(think also about the cultural setting)What is the message you want to convey(e.g.to convince,to motivate,to report out)What is the best way to get the message across(e.g.,analogies,tricks,pre
33、sentation effects)Write the story earlyDo not get lost in the data jungleFormulate your key hypotheses,write just titles,no slidesKeep it simple and straightforward(make the 15 second elevator test)Discuss it with your PL/ManagerDetermine the appropriate analyses and then slot in slides to bring your story to lifeAsk yourself throughout the process:Have I structured my output such that it is clear,accessible and logically transparentWhat does my pyramid logic look like can I easily construct it,WHAT DO YOU THINK AND WHAT WORKS FOR YOU?Techniques&Approaches,
