《2016中考英语专题复习：一名词优秀PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2016中考英语专题复习：一名词优秀PPT课件.ppt（40页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、第二部分 语法专题研究,专题一 名词,【考情概览】分析近5年云南中考真题可以看出，名词语境辨析、词性转化、名词词组为必考点，设题主要在单项填空、完形填空和词语运用类试题。名词单复数为常考点，名词所有格为冷考点，均在单项填空中考查。,命题点一 名词辨析命题点二 名词的数与名词所有格命题点三 词性转化命题点四 名词短语,练讲重难点,1.I want a cup of hot milk.Put some _ in it,please.OK,wait a minute.A.ice B.soup C.salt D.sugar,名词辨析（5年5考36次）,D,重难点精析,命题点一,考点抢测,2.I am
2、going to the _.Do you want anything?Yes,a bag of rice.A.market B.classroom C.library D.park,A,3.Whats the date?Its October 1st,its_.A.Childrens Day B.National Day C.Mid-autumn Day D.Mothers Day,B,1.语境辨析（2015年7次；2014年3次；2012年11次；2011年3次）名词辨析是云南中考的必考点，重点考查名词语境辨析，即不同意思的单词在具体语境中的辨析。少量涉及近义名词辨析、专有名词辨析和词性辨
3、析。解答语境辨析类试题，首先要确定四个词的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定正确答案。也可采用代入法，直接将四个选项填入,满分点拨,空格，选出语法和逻辑最符合的选项。考生复习时，可结合28天话题词汇分类速记手册进行重点记忆。,云南中考对语境辨析的考查以同类名词词义辨析为主，具体如下：,在做语境辨析类试题时，一些逻辑性的关联可以帮助我们迅速确定答案，如：借书（book）肯定要去图书馆（library），取钱（money）需要去银行（bank）等。,2.近义辨析（2012年1次；2011年2次）以下为中考常见的近义词辨析，老师可根据词条适当补充讲解。noise,sound与voice（2012德宏
4、州37题）（讲解见九年级全Units78P126）family,home,house与room(2011玉溪54题）（讲解见七年级上Units14P4）,village,city与countryside(2011玉溪32题)village是可数名词，指村庄。如：This village is as beautiful as the fairyland.这个小村庄美如仙境。city是可数名词，指城市。如：I live in the west of the city.我住在该城市的西部。,countryside是可数名词，多指郊外。如:They lived a quiet life in the
5、countryside.他们在乡下过着宁静的生活。job与work（讲解见七年级下Units 13P25）,3.词性辨析（2012年1次）云南中考对词性辨析的考查主要是对同词根相关词汇的词性考查。如：die(v.),death(n.),dead(adj.)（2012曲靖43题）,4.常识及专有名词辨析（2012年1次，2011年2次）云南中考常识辨析和专有名词辨析主要是国名、节目和电台名，如：Chinese,Russian,American,Australian(2011昭通39题)。,名词的数与名词所有格（5年4考16次）4._desk is long and wide.They like
6、it very much.A.Sonias and Janes B.Sonia and Janes C.Sonia and Jane D.Sonias and Jane,B,命题点二,考点抢测,名词的数在云南考查较多，主要考查点多为名词变复数的不规则变化：以f、fe、y、sh结尾的单词。考生在熟记名词词义的基础上，还应掌握可数名词复数的变形规则，尤其是不规则变形。名词所有格主要考查复数名词的所有格形式、各自拥有和两者共有的所有格。,满分点拨,1.可数名词(1)可数名词的规则变化,(2)可数名词的不规则变化改a为e型：manmen，womanwomen，FrenchmanFrenchmen，po
7、licemanpolicemen(GermanGermans,NormanNormans除外)改oo为ee型：footfeet，toothteeth特殊记忆childchildren，mousemice,单复数同形的名词，如：sheep绵羊，deer鹿，fish鱼，Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人。,单复数同形的名词口诀中国人（Chinese）和日本人（Japanese）很爱护鱼（fish）鹿(deer)和绵羊（sheep）。,只有复数形式的名词，如：trousers裤子，glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，people人们，scissors剪刀，chopsticks筷子。,像
8、public,police,family,team,group,class,crowd等集体名词一般以单数形式出现，当它们作主语时，如果表示一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如：The police are searching for the thieves everywhere.警察们正在到处寻找盗贼。,【方法突破】名词变复数主要在适当形式填空题中考查，当空格前有two,many other,one of,a number of,all,they,are等表示多个概念的词时，一般用名词复数。,2.不可数名词（1）不可数名词通常没有复数形式，也不能用a或a
9、n修饰。不可数名词量的表示：,3.名词所有格（1）s所有格有生命的名词的所有格，在单数名词和不是以“s”结尾的复数名词词尾加“s”，在以“s”结尾的复数名词词尾加“”（2014曲靖49题,2011曲靖76题）。如：the boys bag男孩的书包；the workers tasks工人们的任务,（2）表示几个人共同拥有某物时，只需在最后一个人名后加“s”；表示各自所有时，则需在每个人名后都加上“s”（2012昭通37题）。如：Jim and Toms room吉姆和汤姆共有的房间；Jims and Toms rooms吉姆和汤姆各自的房间。,4.of所有格 表示无生命事物的名词一般用of所有
10、格。如：a leg of the table桌子的一条腿 of所有格有时也可以用于人或有生命的东西表示所属关系，特别是当这些所有者有较长的定语时。如：the name of the brave young man这个勇敢的年轻人的名字。,注意 有的名词所有格可以用两种方法表示。如：the story of Sun Yang=Sun Yangs story孙杨的故事,词性转化（5年4考13次）名词的词性转化是云南中考每年的必考点，一般都为名词变为形容词形式。如果空格后是名词，或者空格前是be动词、感官动词时，一般要将名词转化成形容词。常见的名词变形容词的情况罗列如下表.（更多词性转化参考28天话
11、题词汇分类速记手册）,满分点拨,命题点三,名词短语（5年4考20次）5.There are fifty_ in our school.They are all friendly to us.（女老师）,women teachers,命题点四,考点抢测,名词短语是云南中考的必考点，要做好这类题，考生必须在日常学习中多积累相关词汇。名词短语有三种形式：名词+名词形式，形容词+名词形式，以及数词+名词作定语形式。,满分点拨,1.名词+名词（2015年3次,2014年2次，2013年2次，2012年8次，2011年7次）。名词作定语修饰名词，前一个名词一般用单数或不可数词，如：tea art茶艺。但也
12、有名词复数作定语的例外情况，如：sports meeting,students reading-room。注意man,woman,gentleman等作定语时，其单复数由所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：man worker,women scientists。,2.形容词+名词（2015年考查3次，2014年考查2次，2012年考查7次，2011年考查11次）。形容词作定语修饰名词，这种类型的名词短语很常见，如：American movies美国电影。,Cedar Gulch was,in 1851,a flourishing camp.There had been some good findh
13、at did he say?the new-comer asked.15 I heard him say,It is no use your going on like that,mates.If you had gone down he would have got his friends,and then there would have been a general fight,and several would have got hurt.When you have murderers like these you dont want a fightyou want an execut
14、ion;and having a sort of natural knack with the pistol,I took it upon myself to be executioner.There was another case,although it didnt happen at the camp I was at,in which a woman was murdered by a half-breed Mexican.I did not hear the circumstances,but it was a shocking bad case.She left a child b
15、ehind her,and her husband,a little German,went clean off his head.Next morning Limping Frank was missing.All that was known was that he had bought a horse of a man who had come in late the night before,and was gone.His two mates looked high and low for him,but said at last they guessed he would turn
16、 up again.It was well-nigh two months before he came back.He brought back with him a watch and some trinkets that had been stolen from the murdered woman,and it seems that he had followed the fellow right down into New Mexico,and had shot him there.The man who told me said he never made any talk abo
17、ut it,but was at work as usual the morning after he came back.I tell you I would rather quarrel with Sim Howlett and English Bill together than I would get that little mans dander up.He is a peacemaker too,he is,and many a quarrel he has smoothed down.At one camp we were in we made him a sort of jud
18、ge,and whenever there was a dispute about claims,or tools,or anything else,we went to him and he decided,and no judge could have gone into the case fairer or given a better judgment;and though,in course,those he decided against were not pleased,they had to put up with it.In thes by the first prospec
19、tors,and a rush had of course followed.In many cases first discoveries proved illusive,but it was not so at Cedar Gulch.The ground turned out well,and although no extraordinary finds were made,the average was good all over the bottom,and there were few who were not doing fairly well.The scene was a
20、busy one.Several hundreds of men were hard at work on the flat,which in winter was the bed of a wide stream,but which in summer was a mere thread of water among the rocks,scarce enough for washing purposes.Everywhere were piles of stones and rubbish that had been brought up from the shafts;men toile
21、d at windlasses;others emptied the buckets as they came up into swinging troughs or cradles;others again kept these supplied with water,and swung or rocked them,taking off the large stones that the motion brought to the surface,while the slush and mud ran out at the lower end.New-comers moved about
22、watching the work with eager eyes,wishing that they had had the luck to get there among the early arrivals,and to take up a claim,for every foot of ground far down the valley had already been occupied,and 12 there was now no getting into a claim except by purchasing a share or altogether buying out
23、the present holders.One of the claims that was doing best was held by three men who had worked in partnership for the last two years,and who had been among the first to arrive at Cedar Gulch.They were known among the others as English Bill,Sim Howlett,and Limping Frank.Sim Howlett was perhaps the le
24、ader of the party.He had been one of the earliest gold-diggers,and was a square,powerfully built man.He was a man of few words,but the words when spoken were forcible.He was by no means quarrelsome,but was one whom few cared to quarrel with,even in a place where serious quarrels were of constant occ
25、urrence,and where revolvers cracked so often that the sound of a fray excited but little attention.English Bill was a tall wiry man,hot of temper,but a general favourite.Generous with his money,always ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who was down on his luck,he also was a capital worker,and ha
26、d,in spite of his rough clothes and the use of language as rough as that of his companions,a certain air which told that,like many others in the diggings,he was a gentleman by birth.Why these two men should have taken up with Limping Frank as a comrade was a matter of surprise to those who knew them
27、.They were both men in the prime of life,while he was at least ten years their senior.His hair was already white;his face was that of a student rather than a miner,with a gentle and almost womanly expression.His frame was slight,and looked altogether incapable of hard work,and he walked with a disti
28、nct limp,the result of a bullet wound in the hip.And yet there were men in the gulch who,having known the trio at other diggings,declared that they would rather quarrel either with English Bill or Sim Howlett than with Limping Frank,and as some of them were desperate fellows,and noted pistol shots,t
29、heir report was quite sufficient to secure respect for a man who otherwise would have been regarded with pity or contempt.Very little of the hard work of the partnership fell upon 13 Frank.He cooked,looked after the shanty,did what washing and mending to the clothes was necessary,and occasionally ca
30、me down and assisted to work the cradle and sort the stuff.They generally addressed him as doctor.Not that he made any profession of medical knowledge;but he was always ready to give his services in case of sickness,and many a miner had he pulled through fevers which,had it not been for his nursing
31、and care,would have proved fatal.I cant make out what yer mean by saying I had best not quarrel with that little old atomy you call Limping Frank,a big,powerful fellow who had recently arrived at the camp said to one who had been talking over with him the characteristics of several of the miners.I a
32、int very pertiklar who I quarrels with;but what on arth there can be in that little chap to make one keep clear of him beats me.Can he shoot?年年此日一花开，却是石榴知立夏。杨花落尽浓荫日，芳草萋萋五月天。绿阴生昼静，孤花表春余。纷纷红紫已成尘，布谷声中夏令新。夹路桑麻行不尽，始知身是太平人。You bet,the other replied.He could put a bullet plumb between your eyes ten times f
33、ollowing,the length of the long saloon up there.There aint no better shot nor quicker anywhere on the slopes.But he dont look as if he could speak up for himself,the other said.No;and he doesnt speak up for himself,though his mates would be ready enough to speak up for him if anyone said anything to
34、 him.There is nothing quarrelsome about him.He is always for peace and order.He is a sort of Judge Lynch all to himself.He has cleared out one or two camps I have been at.When a chap gets too bad for anything,and takes to shooting over and above what is usual and right,specially if he draws on quiet
35、 sort of chaps and becomes a terror,then Limping Frank comes out.I was down at Dead Mans Gulch when there was a gang of three or four men who were a terror to the place.They had stretched out seven or eight between them,and Texan Jack,as the worst of them was called,one day shot down a young fellow
36、who had just come into camp,for no reason at all,as far as any one knew.14 I happened to be in the saloon five minutes afterwards,when Limping Frank came in.Texan Jack was standing drinking there with two of his mates,laughing and jawing.You would scarcely have known that little chap if you had seen
37、 him then!He had been nursing a mate of mine only the night before,and as I had been sitting near him I thought what a gentle sort of face he hadmore like a womans than a mans.But now his eyes were wide open and his lips closed,and there was just a set look in his face that I knew meant mischieffor
38、I had seen him once before when his dander was upand I put my hand into my back pocket for my pistol,for I knew there was going to be a muss.He stopped in the middle of the room,and he said in a loud,clear voice that made every one look sharp round,Texan Jack,murderer and villain,we have borne with
39、you too long.If you are a man,draw.Texan Jack stared with astonishment.Are you mad,you little fool?he said.Draw,or I will shoot you down as you stand,Limping Frank said,and the Texan saw that he meant mischief.Frank had no weapon in his hand,for he was not one to take an advantage.The Texan carried
40、his weapon up his sleeve,but quick as he was with it,Frank was as quick,and the two pistols cracked pretty well at the same moment.Frank got a ball in the shoulder,but the Texan fell dead with a bullet in the centre of his forehead.His two mates drew in a moment,but Franks revolver cracked twice as
41、quick as you could count them,and there were just three bodies lying dead in a heap.Then he put up his pistol,and said in his ordinary quiet voice,I dont like these things,but we must have peace and order.Will some of you tell the others that they had better git.And you bet they did git.Limping Fran
42、k never said another word about it,but got his arm in a sling,and half an hour afterwards I saw him quietly cooking his mates dinner while they were both standing by blowing him up for starting out without them to back him初夏，带着劳动者的丝丝欣慰，伴着青春浓浓的热情，和这淳淳的舐犊情深，来到了五月，来到了这枝繁叶茂的五月。我从深春的窗前向着初夏的窗外遥看，那一庭庭的果树，一
43、池池的碧清，一条条幽兰的古巷，一垅垅的麦青，一树树的绿叶，一柳柳青青的垂诞，一山山野花的绽放，看得我如痴如醉。这如水的初夏散发着淡淡的清欢，那些浸染的情怀，让我在这风柔心宁的日子里流连忘返，真的好想就这样安逸的度过这明媚清浅的初夏。空灵也许才是这一季的曼妙，轻轻折一枝曼舞的藤花，默默挹一口熏得游人醉的暖风，偷偷咂一下来时路不减的绿荫，就这样时不时来撷取这初夏的容颜，时不时来戏谑这浅夏的味道。五月的天，淡阳初夏，湿暖的光滋养着万物。林下树阴成片，簇簇间点缀着片片粼光。润白的槐花儿，紫粉色的梧桐花儿，还有这艳红似火的石榴花儿，都好似接到通知一样，一个儿接一个儿的在天地之间尽情的挥霍着悠悠的花香。你
44、听，说不定，闭上眼，竖起耳朵，就可以听到这夏花“你追我赶儿”的嬉笑声，就可以闻到这亲切的阵阵花香。街道上，来来往往的人群，或着薄衫，或着半袖，从容自若的穿梭在春夏之间，逍遥在天地之间。这时，就连天空偶尔飘来的几许云彩，偶尔洒下的几缕微凉，都显得那么的迷人，这么的让人沉醉不已。此时，真的好想，闭上眼，竖起耳朵，听这夏花盛开的声音，听这微风滑过的微凉，仿佛这一切的一切就只是为了初夏，就只是为了跟我们一起美美的享受这淡淡的温暖的五月阳光。韶华似水，时光绕指渐行，还未来得及赏透悟透这如痴如醉的晚春，初夏就毫不客气的携一缕浅夏的芬芳，凝一脂冰清玉洁的清梦，悠然地坐在了季节的肩头，停留在有你有我的彼岸。我
45、曾躺在草地上，仰望天空的云儿；我曾躺在屋顶上，看那漫天的星儿。但却不知那片云儿，才是心灵栖息的港湾，才是放飞的希望；那片星空，才是灵魂深处的流星花园，才是诺下的地老天荒。难道，那希望放飞的一瞬，那流星滑落的一刹，就只是一杯倾城一杯醉，就只是一杯销魂一杯欣慰。那么，何人忧伤何人醉？曾听说，长大是一瞬间的事，但我却忘了那一刹发生在何时，发生在何地。曾经的沧海桑田，云卷云舒，但却最终也没等来你的回眸。倘若，“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇”？经不住的似水流年，逃不过的此间少年。曾经的地久天长，也许只是误会一场。那些翻了又翻的书页，看了又看的花开，也许只是在这清浅的岁月，留下的淡淡体香。“我是谁，谁是
46、我”。也许“为爱寻光纸上钻，不能透处几朵难。忽然撞着来时路，始觉平生被眼瞒”，轻轻抖落的尘埃，“谁是故人，谁是过客”？“良言一句三冬暖，伤人一句六月寒”倘若只是转身就忘的路人甲，那又何必蹉跎年华到天涯。“泪没挂在谁的脸上，谁不知道它的冰凉。伤不在谁的身上，谁不知它的分量。”若问多少疼，尽在不言中。人似秋鸿来有信，事如春梦了无痕。最终认识的自己，也只不过是别人眼里的风景。跟不上的脚步，干脆就说迷了路。原来，我们可以欺瞒别人，但欺瞒不了自己。与其说别人看不起自己，到不如直说自己不懂的自己。记得，冰心老人曾说“人的一生应该像一朵花儿，不论男人和女人，花有色、香、味，人有才、情、趣。三者缺一不可。”那
47、么，过去的一页，能不翻就不翻了，因为翻落的灰尘会迷了双眼。平凡之人何其多，你我也只不过是其中的一个。听说，小鸟飞不过沧海，其实不是小鸟没有飞过沧海的勇气，而是十年的以后，在沧海的那一头，早已没有了等待。“人能走多远？人能攀多高？”这话不是要问两脚，而是要问志向；这事不是要问双手，而是要问意志。“春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪。若无闲事在心头，便是人间好时节”。没事儿，给“心灵扫扫地儿”，让心灵歇会儿；没事儿,3.数词+名词，常见的例子有fourteen-year child十四岁的孩子，ten-minutes walk十分钟的路程。如：a five-year plan五年计划，five-year作定语修饰plan。,
