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1、Report Writing,撰 写 报 告,Report Structure,1.Introduction/Subject/Terms of Reference2.Findings/Areas of Consideration3.Conclusion(s)(4.Recommendation(s),Explain a Chart/Diagram,描 述 图/表 格,测 试 目 标,该类写作测试的目标是让考生用完整的句子以自己的语言说明以简单图示/条目提供的信息。,可分为下列几类,1.表格(table)2.曲线图(graph)3.柱状图/饼状图(bar/pie chart),写 作 步 骤,1.
2、仔细观察图表，理解图表的含义。2.将图表所包含信息简单分类，并列出提纲。3.按提纲计划自己要写的段数，但一般仍以三段为佳。,Add a Clear Thesis Statement(综述全文),We should begin our essay with a clear statement of the thesis.This is to provide the reader with an orientation as well as a context for the individual steps to follow.,结 构,第一段：介绍(Introduction)第二段：正文(Bo
3、dy)第三段：总结或评论(Summary or Comments),右图是美国Seattle市Green Hall超市十一月所销售的四种皮鞋价格与数量对比图，请对该图作一个简要的说明。词数100左右。,右图是美国海滨旅游小镇Bluebeach自1960年以来所接待的游客人数图，请对该图作一个简要的说明，词数在100词左右。,世界主要汽车生产国的年产汽车比例图美国:44%日本:23%德国:20%韩国:13%,介绍:说明该图表的性质、主要内容,This chart shows how price affects peoples demand/buying of shoes in the Green
4、 Hall Supermarket of Seattle.This graph shows how the number of tourists/visitors to the Bluebeach town increases from 1960 to 2000/in the past 40 years.This chart shows the car productions from major car producing countries in the world.,开头语的不同结构,As is shown from the graph below/on the right,people
5、 buy fewer shoes as the price of shoes goes upWe can see from the graph below/on the right that the number of visitors to the Bluebeach town According to the graph below/on the right,there are four major car producing countries in the world,表示数字的常用方法,1.应用“there be”句式（例1）There are 140 pairs of shoes
6、sold when the price reaches$150.2.应用动词“have/has”(例2)The Bluebeach town has 33,000 visitors in the year 1980.3.应用原文中提供的动词(例3)Korea produces 14%of the total number of cars in the world.,表示变化的常用方法,主要有下面两个句式：1.主语+动词+副词+时间 n.+v.+adv.+time2.There be+形容词+名词+时间 There be+a.+n.+time,The number of tourists to
7、Bluebeach town remains almost the same from the year 1990 to the year 2000.There is a sharp rise of the number of tourists to Bluebeach town from the year 1980 to the year 1990.,常用的动词有(注意：它们同时也可以用作名词，用作名词是常用there be句式),增加 increase,rise,jump减少 decrease,fall,drop 表示不变 remain(stay)the same,remain stead
8、y表示起伏fluctuate,常用的副词有,slowly,gradually,steadily,rapidly,suddenly,dramatically,significantly,sharply,steeply,slightly注意当把“ly”去掉时，它们就变成相应的形容词，可以修饰上面的名词。,表示曲线图最高点和最低点可以使用下列句型：The figures(situation)+peaked(bottomed out)reached a peak(the bottom)+in December at 20%.,可能出现简单的比较,CompareCompared with,(subjec
9、t)+verb.(subject)+verbas compared withmorethan that/those of,图表描述词汇总,A Sum-up,上升,1.对于上升趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：to increase,to go up,to rise,to grow,to jump,to leap,to soar,to shoot,to pick upb.可以使用的名词：an increase,a growth,a jump,a soar,an upward trend,2.对于上升到某个位置的描述：,a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothe pe
10、ak of具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reaching the peak of+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。e.to peak at 具体数据f.to climb to+具体数据,3.对于上升的程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by 具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。,下降,1.对于下降趋势的描述：a.可以使用的动词或动词词组：to fall,to decrease,to go down,to slide,to collapse,to decline,to drop,b.可以使用的名词：a collapse,a decrease,a fall,a decline
11、,a drop,2.对于下降到某个位置的描述：a.1.a.中的动词to具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词tothe bottom of具体数据。c.1.a.中的动词reaching the bottom of+具体数据。d.1.a.中的动词reaching+具体数据。3.对于下降程度的描述：a.1.a.中的动词by 具体数据。b.1.a.中的动词副词。,对于平稳的趋势的描述，可以使用的动词或动词词组：to hardly changeto have little changeto keep steadyto level offto remain constantto stay the same,表示
12、程度的副词：,1.程度较大：considerably,dramatically,greatly,markedly,obviously,quickly,rapidly,sharply,significantly,suddenly2.程度较小：slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily,时间的嵌入,嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：infromtobetween.andduringandat the start of by the end of over at the end of throughout 时间s+具体数据,上升和下降趋势的组合描述（嵌入了时间和程度之后）：,1.
13、先上升后下降的句型：.increased slowly during and but fell sharply in.A steady fall in during and followed the sharp increase in.2.先下降后上升的句型：fell before began to make a recovery continue the recovery,climbing to dropped during but increased again in fell and then pick up during collapsed before rising to at th
14、e end of,3.起伏波动的句型：fluctuated sharply all through 4.波动不大的句型：hardly changed through the period between and 对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型：%the is/has/have/are accounts for%of the total takes up%in the whole chart,趋势的比较,1.表示相似的句型(实例)：Both share prices rose sharply in January.Neither company has made a profit yet.Lik
15、e X,Y fell in June.X rose just as sharply as Y.2.表示差异的句型（实例）：X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.X fell quickly compared to Y.Unlike Y,X rose by 10%.X rose far more dramatically than Y.,3.表示倍数的句型：the doubled/tripled in compared with those in 4.客观比较的句型：is in contrast to,数据的修饰,1.表示不足的词或词组：up to,below,under,almost,nearly2.表示超过的词或词组：over,more than,just over3.表示大约的词：about,approximately,学会使用正确的时态/语态,判断时态，首先注意图表中是否有时间出现。如果没有，则使用一般现在时，如果有，通常使用一般过去时。写此类作文时，注意要使用被动语态。,
