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1、(January 19,1809 October 7,1849),埃德加爱伦坡,Edgar Allan Poe,Edgar Allan Poe,This daguerreotype of Poe was taken in 1848 when he was 39,a year before his death,Born:January 19,1809)Boston,Massachusetts,U.S.Died:October 7,1849)(aged40)Baltimore,Maryland,U.S.Nationality:AmericanSpouse(s):Virginia Eliza Cle
2、mm Poe,Achievements,Edgar Allan Poe was an American author,poet,editor and literary critic,considered part of the American Romantic Movement.Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre,Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the
3、 detective fiction genre.He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone,resulting in a financially difficult life and career.,Life Experience,Poes childhood:He was born in Bos
4、ton,both parents died within two years after his birth,taken into the home of John Allan in Virginia,had an unhappy relationship with his foster fatherPoes youth:He attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money.,Life Experience,A struggling writer:a In 1831,He su
5、bmitted stories to many of magazines and they were all rejected.b In 1835,Edgar finally got a job as an editor of a newspaper.c In 1840,he started his writing career and published his first detective story.d In 1843,He tried to start a magazine but failed and he could barely make a living.,Life Expe
6、rience,Final days:a His wife died in 1847,10 days after his birthday.b After losing his wife,Poe collapsed from stress and was also in poor health.c He died in October 7,1849 with some uncertain reasons.,Life Experience,a miserable childhood,was adopted by John Allan,an unhappy relationship,entered
7、the University but didnt finish went to West Point but was dismissed,at 27 he married his 13-year-old cousin,her death in 1847 left him a bitterer life,died in mysterious circumstances,in 1849,Main works,Gothic（歌特）story（哥特式小说的意义首先在于：它虽然采取了不合理的怪诞形式，还是企图反映正在形成的资本主义社会纠缠不清的复杂现实。它对继起的文学作品的影响正和这一点有关系。神秘、怪
8、诞、痛苦的恐怖，以及其他类似的特点，在浪漫主义作家的作品中得到发展。他们继承了恐怖神秘小说所包含的社会批判的成分，并且把它们深刻化。他们也采用了以哲学理解来处理怪诞成分的手法。”阿尼克斯特英国文学史纲）Detective storyPoetry,Gothic Storya The Masque of the Red Death（红死病的假面舞会）b The Fall of the House of Usher（厄舍古厦的倒塌）c The Angel of the Odd（奇怪天使）d The Devil in the Belfry（钟楼魔影）e The Oval Portrait(椭圆形画像）
9、f The Man That Was Used Up（被用光的人）g King Pest（瘟疫王）,Detective Story,a Thou Art the Man（你就是凶手）b The P urloined Letter(被窃之信)c The Mystery of Marie Roget(玛丽罗杰疑案)d The Murders in the Rue Morgue(莫格街谋杀案)f The Gold-Bug(金甲虫)g The Oblong Box（长方形箱子）,Poetry,a To Helen(致海伦)b To One in Paradise（致乐园中的一位）c The Sleep
10、er(睡美人)d The Valley of Unrest(不安的山谷)f The City in the Sea(海中之城)g Silence,a Sonnet(十四行诗）静 h The Raven（乌鸦）,III Historical position,(I)He is one of the most famous American Poets,fictionists and literature critics.(II)He is one of the forefathers of detective story,science fiction,horror fiction,and th
11、e master of short Gothic story.(III)He have profound influence on many writers such as Conan Doyle(柯南.道尔）,Edogawa Rampo(江户川乱步）and so on.(IIII)Edgar Allan Poe（埃德加.爱伦坡）share the reputation with Ann Bruce bulls(安布鲁斯布尔斯)and Howard Phillips Lovecraft（洛夫克拉夫特）as the most famous three horror fictionists.,a
12、short story writera poet a critic,the greatest journalistic critic of his time“(Shaws evaluation of Poes achievement),his poetry is“exquisitely refined“(精致优雅),his tales are complete works of art,Poe is a great writer of fiction,a poet of the first rank,and a critic of insight,His theory for short st
13、ory-clarity,1.The short story must be of such length as to be read at one sitting(brevity),so as to ensure the totality of impression.2.The very first sentence ought to help to bring out the“single effect”of the story.3.No word should be used which does not contribute to the“pre-established”design o
14、f the work(compression).4.A tale should reveal some logical truth with“the fullest satisfaction”and should end with the last sentence,leaving a sense of finality with the reader.(a certain decision 某种结局）Short story should be of brevity,totality,single effect,compression(压缩)and finality.,His theory o
15、f poetry,1.His poetic theories are remarkable in their clarity.2.The poem should be short,readable at one sitting(or as long as“The Raven”).3.Its chief aim is beauty,namely,to produce a feeling of beauty in the reader，to pure ones soul.4.Melancholy is the most legitimate of all the poetic tones.5.Po
16、etry does not have to inculcate a moral.6.The artistry of the poem lies not in what is being said but in what way it is said.(form is superior to content)7.stresses musical quality of verse and defines true poetry as“rhythmical creation of beauty.”,Influence,Poe and his works influenced literature in the United States and around the world,as well as in specialized fields,such as cosmology and cryptography.Poe and his work appear throughout popular culture in literature,music,films,and television.A number of his homes are dedicated museums today.,Thank you!,
