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1、,V-ing 形式的被动式,V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词，可作 主语、宾语、表语;定语、状语、宾语补足语但不能单独作谓语其否定形式是 _,V-ing 形式,not doing,(not)doing,(not)being done,(not)having done,(not)having been done,1.作主语 Swimming is good for health._(raise)your hat to a lady is good manners._(kill)by sharks in the sea is a common thing.,Raising,Being killed
2、,V-ing 的用法,2.作表语 Teaching is learning.教学相长。My hobby is _(make)model planes.What worried the child most was _(not,allow)to go out to play.,making,not being allowed,1)V-ing形式表示比较抽象的一般性的行为 不定式表示具体的某次动作,尤指将来_(sing)is my hobby.I dont like _(sing)in public today.2)V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性To see is to believe.=Se
3、eing is believing.,Singing,to sing,注意,3)Its no use/no good/useless/a waste of time doing sth.It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。It is a waste of time _(talk)to him.It is important for me _(learn)English.It is+adj./n.+(for sb.)to do sth.,talking,to learn,3.作宾语(v./prep.后)The bird escaped _(catch
4、).I feel like _(join)the army.He was afraid of _(abandon)by us.,being abandoned,being caught,joining,4.作定语The girl standing there is my sister.This is a piece of _(surprise)news.The farmers _(work)in the fields are tired.The problem _(discuss)now is very important.,surprising,being discussed,working
5、,去年造好的桥 _ 正在建造的桥 _ 将要建造的桥 _,正在进行,doing,done,being done,to be done,已经完成,正在进行,将要发生,the bridge built last year,the bridge being built now,the bridge to be built soon,注意：过去分词/Ving被动形式/不定式的被动形式做定语的区别,5.作状语 Hearing the good news,he jumped with joy.He sat at the table,_(read)China Daily._(be)able to unders
6、tand English,he didnt know what they wanted._(work)hard,you will succeed._(teach)many times,the boy still didnt know how to do it.Her husband died suddenly,_(leave)her with five children.,reading,Working,Not being,(时间),(伴随),(原因),Having been taught,(让步),(条件),leaving,(结果),1)分词的逻辑主语就是该句子的主语，但有时两个主语不一致，
7、我们也可以用 n./pron.+分词，称为独立主格结构。It being a holiday,all the shops were shut.There being no bus,we had to walk back home.Her wallet stolen,she had no money to buy a ticket.,注意,2)有少数结构并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。如generally speaking（一般来说）,judging from（根据来判断）,considering（考虑到）,talking of（谈到，提到）,supposing（假如）等，它们的逻
8、辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可以被称之为句子的状语，也可当作一个插入语。Generally speaking,the novel is not very inspiring.Judging from what you say,he ought to succeed.Talking of Sue,I met her new boyfriend last week.,6.作宾语补足语:I saw people coming and going in the street.I heard her _(sing)a song in her room.Youll find the topic _(
9、discuss)everywhere now.,being discussed,singing,1)可以带 V-ing 作宾补的动词有：see,hear,watch,notice,smell,find,feel,have,get,catch,keep,leavesmell sth.burning 闻到有东西烧焦catch sb.doing 当场撞见某人做某事2)with(out)+宾+doing/done/to do,注意,3)(to)do/V-ing/V-ed 作宾补的区别:I saw him take away the dictionary just now.I saw him takin
10、g away the dictionary on the desk.,(to)do 动作全过程已结束 doing 动作正在进行,(拿走了那本字典),(正在拿那本字典),I saw the dictionary taken away by a child.I saw the dictionary being taken away from the desk.,done 表被动已经完成 being done 表被动正在发生,(字典已经被拿走，动作全过程),(字典正在被拿走，动作正发生),Practice 1,He has always insisted on his _ Dr.Turner ins
11、tead of Mr.Turner.A.been called B.called C.having called D.being called2.Do you mind _ alone at home?A.Jane leaving B.Jane having left C.Janes being left D.Jane to be left,D,C,3.-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D
12、.having done,D,4.-What made Bill so angry?-_.His girl friend promised to come at 8:30,but she hasnt come yet.A.Having kept waiting B.Being kept waiting C.To be kept waiting D.He was kept waiting,B,5.Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A.having not been invited B.not having invited C.having not
13、invited D.not having been invited,D,Practice 2,1.The building _ in our school is for us teachers.Though theres noise most of the day,we still feel happy about it.A.built B.having been built C.to be built D.being built,D,2._ the whole story,Jane decided not to see the film.A.Having been told B.Having
14、 told C.Been told D.Telling 3._ your homework,you mustnt listen to music.A.When do B.When to do C.When doing D.When you doing,A,C,4._ the idiom,he looked it up in the dictionary.A.Not learning B.Never having learned C.Having not learned D.Having never learned,B,5.The missing boy was last seen _ near the river.A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play6.Any driver _ a license ought to be punished.A.doesnt have B.having not C.has not D.not having,A,D,
