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1、,Comparative study of views of death between Chinese and English poetry 秦佳佳 李晓楠 孙娟娟,StructureChapter 1 The Study of English death Poetry1.1 The content and main images of English death poetry1.2 Analysis of Because I Could Not Stop for DeathChapter 2 The Study of Chinese death Poetry2.1 The content
2、and main images of English death poetry2.2 Analysis of Wu Ling ChunChapter 3 Conclusion,AbstractDeath is the inevitable end of life.Fromm said:People,whether human or personal,once fell in the world,he was thrown back to the instinct of the state as an established regular,fall into the volatile situ
3、ation of being open no arrests,of which only one thing is certain inalienable;the end of the past and future-death.Everything can be changed,only the fate of death is everlasting,because Death is the most essential provisions of individual existence.,1.1 The content and main images of English death
4、poetry1.1.1Suspicion of religious belief In the Western culture,peoples views on the death has a close relationship with Christian.Christians view of human death is decided by the original sin of Adam and Eve.So it stands people through salvation to seek the liberation of the soul,through the abstin
5、ence to the eternal afterlife.Thus,the salvation,soul and other beliefs,save the people from fear.,But Dickinson is not free from death in religion.Her poem of Death is the description of dark and fear.This is mainly through the mourning group,Drum,sky,World,fly and other images to show.,IFeltAFuner
6、alInMyBrain By Emily DickinsonI felt a funeral in my brain,And mourners to and froKept treading,treading,till it seemedThat sense was breaking through.And when they all were seated,A service like a drumKept beating,beating,till I thoughtMy mind was going numb.And then I heard them lift a boxAnd crea
7、k across my soulWith those same boots of lead again,Then space began to toll,As all the heavens were a bell,And being but an ear,And I and silence some strange raceWrecked solitary here.And then a plank in reason broke,And I dropped down and downAnd hit a world at every plunge,And finished knowing,t
8、hen.,1.1.2 Uncertainty of nature In general,in the Western poetry,poets can not find sustenance in religious beliefs to dilute（冲淡，削弱）the tremendous spirit pressure of the poets death and will seek solace（安慰）of nature,they compare the nature to the return of death,integrate with nature,and get the et
9、ernity in nature.,Because I could not stop for Death-Emily DickinsonBecause I could not stop for Death-He kindly stopped for me-The Carriage held but just Ourselves-And Immortality.We slowly drove-He knew no hasteAnd I had put awayMy labor and my Leisure too,For His Civility-We passed the School,whe
10、re Children stroveAt Recess-in the Ring-We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain-We passed the Setting Sun-Or rather-He passed Us-The Dews drew quivering and chill-For only Gossamer,my Gown-My Tippet-only Tulle-We paused before a House that seemedA Swelling of the Ground-The Roof was scarcely visible-he
11、 Coraice-in the Ground-Since then-tis Centuries-and yetFeels shorter than the DayI first surmised the HorsesHeadsWere toward Eternity-,因为我不能停下来等待死神因为我不能停下来等待死神他和善地停下来等我那辆车只能容我们两个还有不朽。我们慢慢驱车他不慌不忙我也把我的劳与闲统统丢掉一边，为了他的礼让我们走过校园，孩子们你推我搡，在休息时间，在圆形广场我们走过在田间凝眸的麦杆我们走过落日旁或毋宁说，他走过我们身旁寒露降，身子冻得打颤因为我的长衫落纱般我的披肩如丝网我们
12、停步在一所房子前，那似乎是隆起的土地一片屋顶几乎看不见屋檐在地里面离那时已是几个世纪过了还不到一天，我首次猜测到，马头在朝向永恒奔窜。,1.2 Analysis of Because I Could Not Stop for DeathEmily Dickinson（1830-1886）,the American best-known female poet，was one of the foremost（居于首位的）authors in American literature.Emily Dickinson s poems,as well as Walt Whitmans,were cons
13、idered as a part of“American renaissance”;they were regarded as pioneers of imagism.Both of them rejected custom and received wisdom and experimented with poetic style.She however differs from Whitman in a variety of ways.For one thing,Whitman seems to keep his eye on society at large;Dickinson expl
14、ores the inner life of the individual.Whereas Whitman is“national”in his outlook,Dickinson is“regional”.,Analysis Analyzes the poem Because I Could Not Stop for Death,by Emily Dickinson.The use of remembered images of the past to clarify infinite conceptions through the establishment of a dialectica
15、l relationship between reality and imagination,the known and the unknown;The viewpoint of eternity;Understanding of the incomprehensible;The stages of existence.,The poem begins with a leisurely image.At first,the protagonist feels totally at ease and the usually frightening death is described as if
16、 a familiar friend,gentle and polite.Continuingly,the poem is developed upon a basic metaphor that life is a journey.It was truly rather old a comparison,but Dickinson enriched it with her creativity and imagination:School,where Children strove-childhood;Fields of Gazing Grain-maturity;and Setting S
17、un-old age.Then“the Dews drew quivering and chill-”makes the protagonist feel terribly cold,which may mean that they are getting nearer and nearer to the tomb.But at last,his companions,Immortality and Death,finally desert him and leave him alone to go toward Eternity.So it seems that though death c
18、heats him and at the same time deserts him,the experience of death itself is not painful.Emily Dickinsons poems just explain this kind of essence of life,which then lead you to a world of imagination and thinking.,When it comes to death,fear,anxiety and even despair,are normal psychological phenomen
19、a.Chinese and Western nations have different expression forms when facing death.For example,for the manifestation of death anxiety,the Westerners prefer direct and profound anxiety.From the Greeks tragedy to the modern atmosphere of existential thought,death style has demonstrated a profound spirit
20、of Western tradition.,Chinese people deep down fear of death,anxiety,performance is more soft,gentle,indirect,to the sad sad affair revealed a blend of affection in the love of life among the fear of death.Westerners more to hold a glimmer of hope in despair,the Chinese people are the hope of showin
21、g the full ray of the subconscious lament helpless despair.,2.1The content and main images of Chinese death poetry2.1.1Attitudes toward deathThe face of death,Chinese people tend to keep,regardless of the strategy,focusing on the earthly life.Chinese people tend to avoid talk about death,Confucius,I
22、 do not know life,how can we know death is taken to avoid death on hold attitude.He told people,people should put all their attention on the moment of earthly life,do not get distracted to consider the issue of death and the afterlife.,2.1.2 The view of deathIn Chinese traditional culture,the tragic
23、 sense of life itself has always been weak.Individuals death and struggle often overwhelmed by group value,to show more concern for the fate in front of us.Modern Western philosophers view of death which had a tremendous impact on Modern and contemporary Chinese literature has the opposite view.In t
24、heir eyes,a person understand the value of individual existence by knowing the death,and they seek to develop and improve themselves actively.The purpose of death is beyond the understanding of death,this is the way expressing the value of life.,Chinas mournful poems pay attention to scenarios in th
25、e choice of one image,and often select some deep and dark images to express the sadness of poets.The performance of Elegiac Poems of China presents the deep sorrow for the death and lingering sadness,and emphasises on expressing feelings and will of sustenance.,武陵春 李清照 风住尘香花已尽，日晚倦梳头。物是人非事事休，欲语泪先流。闻说
26、双溪春尚好，也拟泛轻舟。只恐双溪舴艋舟，载不动许多愁。这首词是宋高宗绍兴五年（1135）作者避难浙江金华时所作。当年她是五十三岁。那时，她已处于国破家亡之中，亲爱的丈夫死了，珍藏的文物大半散失了，自己也流离异乡，无依无靠，所以词情极其悲苦。,Chapter 3 ConclusionChinese and English poetry express different attitudes towards death.1.Chinese scholars were affected by Confucious deeply.They strived to create a great caree
27、r,bring glory to their ancestor,be loyal to their lords.They were not interested in the posthumous situations,and were afraid of ghosts.So the poems they wrote were mainly about separation between loved ones in life or death and the plaint of short life.2.However,English scholars were affected by Ch
28、ristianity.They came to the world to atone for their original sin（赎原罪）.They hold a view that mortal world was unreal,miserable and full of evil and sorrow.Earthly life was not worthy of nostalgia(留恋).Only by believing in Jesus and atoning for their original sin can they get the eternal happiness in the world to come.,
