《《初中重点词汇》PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《初中重点词汇》PPT课件.ppt（39页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、fly,fly 表示“飞”，除用于鸟、飞机等在空中飞之外，还可指人乘飞机飞行、人驾驶飞机、飞机飞越某地等。如：I often fly CAAC.我经常乘坐中国民航。Im flying to Hong Kong tomorrow.明天我要乘飞机去香港。Powerful aircraft now fly the Atlantic in a few hours.大飞机现在几小时就可以飞过大西洋。,fly,比较：开车用动词drive,驾船用动词sail,骑马或自行车用用动词ride,驾飞机用动词fly。有时用于引申义。如：How time flies!时间过得真快光阴似箭。He flew to tel
2、l us the news.他飞奔来告诉我们这条消息。,angry,表示对某人生气，一般用介词with。如：Im angry with her for lying to me.由于她说谎，我对她很生气。The teacher was angry with me when I was late.我迟到时老师对我很生气。我即使想生他的气，也做不到。误：I couldnt be angry to him if I tried.正：I couldnt be angry with him if I tried.,angry,表示对某事生气，根据情况可用介词at,about等。如：(1)用at的用法I w
3、as rather angry at what he said.我对他说的话相当生气。(2)用about的用法You seem angry about something.你看上去在为什么事儿生气呀。,asleep,asleep是表语形容词，所以一般不能单独放在名词前作定语。如：The patient is asleep.病人睡着了。The child soon fell asleep.孩子很快睡着了。汉语说“睡得很熟”，英语习惯上用fast sound asleep表示，而不用very(much,very much)asleep。如：Dont wake her upshe is fast s
4、ound asleep.别吵醒她，她睡得正香。,agree,汉语的“同意某人做某事”，英语中不能直译为agree sb to do sth,而应根据情况改用其他结构。He agreed to let me go home early.他同意让我早些回家。不能说：He agreed me go home early.He agreed to my leaving early on Friday.他同意我星期五一早走。不能说：He agreed me to leave early on Friday.,agree to,同意（打算等）。主要指同意某一打算、安排、计划等。如：She agreed t
5、o marriage.她同意结婚。同意或接受（建议等）。其后尤其接suggestion,plan,proposal等名词，与accept同义。如：We are glad to agree to your plan.我们很高兴同意你方的计划。同意（做某事）。其后既可接动词原形。如：He agree to go with us.他同意和我们一起去。,agree with,同意。主要指同意某人，或同意某人的意见、想法、解释等。如：John agrees with this idea.约翰同意这个想法。I agree with you.我同意你对适宜。主要指食物、天气、工作等方面的适宜。如：The w
6、eather doesnt agree with me.这种天气对我不适宜。,admire,admire是及物动词，通常的结构是admire sb,admire sth,admire sb for sth。如：They admired him very much.他们很钦佩他。They admired his enthusiasm.他们很钦佩她的热情。They admired him for his enthusiasm.他们很钦佩她的热情。,admire,注意不要受汉语影响漏掉必要的宾语。如：我钦佩她的勇气。误：I admire for her bravery.正：I admire her
7、for her bravery.他的事业非常成功，他的朋友都很羡慕！误：He was very successful in his business and all his friends admired!正：He was very successful in his business and all his friends admired him!,become,用作连系动词，其后可接名词、形容词、等作表语。如：They became great friends.他们成了莫逆之交。He soon became angry.他过了一会儿就生气了。,ask,可以接双宾语。如：Ask him hi
8、s name.问问他的名字。She asked me what I wanted.她问我想要什么。有时双宾语交换位置，借助介词of。如：他问了我一个问题。He asked me a question.He asked a question of me.,ask,(1)与介词for连用，有“要求得到”的意思。如：She is always asking for money.她老是要钱。(2)与about连用，表示询问或打听关于某事的情况。如：Ask(him)about the ring he may have found it.问问(他)你丢的戒指也许他捡到了。,ask,比较：He asked
9、her something.他问她一个问题(或一件事)。He asked her for something.他问她要某东西。He asked her about something.他问她关于某事的问题。,blind,deaf与lame,blind意为“瞎的”，deaf意为“聋的”，lame意为“瘸的”(1)通常不以相关部位（如eye,ear,foot等）作主语，而通常以“人”作主语（其后通常接介词in）。如：He is blind in both eyes.他双目失明。He is deaf in one ear.他一只耳朵聋了。The horse is lame in the left f
10、oot.这匹马左脚是跛的。注意不能说：His eyes are blind./His ears are deaf./His legs are lame.,believe in,believe in是一个很常用的短语，主要用法如下：相信的存在。信任，信赖。如：Do you believe in ghosts?你相信有鬼吗？Nobody believes in him.没有人信任他。比较believe sb和believe in sb：前者指相信某人的话(=believe what one says)；后者指信任某人的为人(=trust sb)。如：I can believe him,but I
11、cannot believe in him.我相信他说的话，但不相信他的为人。,finish,表示“完成”，其后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词，而不能用不定式。如：Do you finish your homework?I finish writing my book.用作不及物动词，表示“结束”或“完成”。如：He didnt finish in time.The meeting will finish at 3 oclock.,feel like,表示“感到想要(做某事)”，其后接名词或动名词。如：I feel like a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。Do you feel like(
12、having)a drink?要喝一杯吗?He didnt feel like going to work.他不想去上班。,famous,1.表示“以出名或著称”，用介词for；表示“作为出名或著称”，用介词as。如：France is famous for its wine.法国以其葡萄酒出名。He is rather famous as a writer.他是著名作家。2.famous是一个语气很强的词，通常指在很大范围内为人所知，它一般不用于小有名气的普通人或物此时可用well-known。如：He is a well-known businessman in our town.他是我们
13、镇一位有名的商人。(此句不宜用a famous businessman),express,1.表示“表达”“表示”等，通常不接双宾语。如：他对她表示了他的谢意。误：He expressed her his thanks.正：He expressed his thanks to her.2.有时可接反身代词作宾语，其意为表达自己的意思、思想、感情等。如：Have I expressed myself clearly?我的意思讲清了吗?,enjoy,1.表示“喜欢”“享受”等，其后可接动名词作宾语，但不能是不定式。如：小孩子喜欢读故事。误：Children enjoy to read storie
14、s.正：Children enjoy reading stories.2.其后接反身代词，表示“过得快活”，与have a good time同义。如：He enjoyed himself at the party.他在晚会上玩得很开心。,welcome,1.welcome用作形容词，基本义为“受欢迎的”。如：Youre always welcome at in my house.任何时候都欢迎你来我家。【注】用于be welcome to(do)sth,其中welcome的不是表示“受欢迎的”而是指“被允许的”。你随时可以用我的车。正：You are welcome to use my ca
15、r any time.用于习语You are welcome!意为“不用谢”。A：Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。B：Youre welcome.不用谢。,eat,1.汉语中的“请随便吃”，译成英语不能是Please eat,可用Please help yourself.2.汉语中的“吃饭”，英语通常用have或take,其实也可以用eat,只是不那么常见。如：He had his breakfast quickly.他快快地吃了早餐。We have take,eat three meals a day.我们每天吃三餐。,eat,3.比较eat up与eat ou
16、t：前者意为“吃完”、“消灭”；后者表示“在外面吃”、“下馆子”。如：Eat up your dinner.把你的饭吃完。Im too tired to cook tonight;shall we eat out?今晚我累得不想做饭了，咱们出去吃饭好吗?,eat,许多汉语中的“吃”译成英语不能用eat，如：Do have one more.务请再吃一个。This food tastes good.这菜好吃。Lets talk about it after dinner.咱们吃完晚饭再谈这事。She felt much better after taking the medicine.吃完药后她
17、感觉好多了。Do you think they will be back for lunch?你认为他们会回来吃午饭吗?They had food and clothing sufficient for their need.他们有足够的吃穿。,drink,用作动词，表示“喝”，主要用于直接用口(不是用匙子)喝饮料(如water,milk,beer,coffee,tea等)的场合。如：Babies drink milk.婴儿喝牛奶。Drink your coffee before it gets cold.趁热把咖啡喝了。汉语里的“喝酒”，在通常情况下英语一般只用drink即可，而不必说成dr
18、ink wine。如：He doesnt smoke or drink.他不抽烟也不喝酒。,dress,1.用作名词，表示“衣服”，注意两种用法：(1)用作可数名词，主要指妇女穿的连衣裙或上下连身的女装，也可指小孩穿的衣服，但不指男人穿的衣服。如：She was wearing a beautiful dress.(2)用作不可数名词，表示“衣服”的总称(不论男女)。【注】在现代英语中，dress用作不可数名词的用法已不常见。它主要用来指某些特殊种类的衣服(如礼服等)。如：evening dress(晚礼服)，full dress(大礼服)，national dress(民族服装)，fancy
19、 dress(化装服装),dress,用作动词，可以是不及物的，意为“穿衣”，也可以是及物的，意为“给穿衣服”。用作及物动词时，其宾语通常只能是人，而不能是衣服。如：Wait a minute,Im dressing.等一下，我在穿衣She dressed her children well.她给孩子们穿得很好。用于be dressed in,意为“穿”。如：The lady was dressed in white.这位女士身穿白衣。,marry,表示与某人结婚，marry通常用作及物动词，不要受汉语的影响在其后用介词。如：正：She married a teacher.她同一位教师结了婚。
20、误：She married with to a teacher.有时不说出结婚的对象，也可用作不及物动词。如：Her father married again.她爸爸又结婚了。在口语或非正式文体中，不及物用法的marry通常用get married。They got married in 1987.,close,用作动词，意为“关闭”；而用作形容词，意为“接近”、“亲近”。不要受动词用法的影响，用其表示“关闭的”这一意义（要表示此义，要用其过去分词形式。顺便一提，close的反义词open则与之不同，它既可以用作动词表示“开”，也可用作形容词表示“开着的”。如：他叫我们闭着(睁着)眼睛。误：H
21、e told us to keep our eyes close(opened).正：He told us to keep our eyes closed(open).,choose,表示“选择”，可以带双宾语。如：He chose me a nice present.He chose a nice present for me.他为我选了件漂亮的礼物。后可接不定式，可表示“决定”、“宁愿”。如：He chose to go with us.他决定同我们一起去。He chose not to tell her.他决定不告诉她。,change,用作动词，比较以下句型：(1)changefor意为
22、“用换来”。如：Im thinking of changing my car for a new one.我正考虑换辆新车。(2)changeinto意为“把变成(换成)”。如：He changed his dollars into francs.他把美元换成了法朗。,change,注意以下受汉语思维影响所导致的错误：这部照相机不够好，我想换一部正:The camera isnt good enough;I want to change it(for another).误:The camera isnt good enough,I want to change another.,call,ca
23、ll是一个多义词，有时在没有上下文的情况下可能有歧义，如call sb就可表示“叫醒某人”、“呼唤某人”、“打电话给某人”等。如：Will you go and call Jack?你去叫一下杰克好吗?Call me if I dont wake up in time.如果到时我没醒的话，请叫醒我。I called him last night.我昨晚给他打过话。,call,比较以下正误句型(误句多为受汉语习惯影响)：这个东西用英语怎么说?正：What do you call this in English?误：How do you call this in English?他名叫李华。正：H
24、is name is Li Hua./He is called Li Hua.误：His name is called Li Hua.,buy,1.用作动词，表示“买”，可带双宾语；若双宾易位，通常要用介词for。如：我叔叔为我买了本英语词典。My uncle bought me an English dictionary.My uncle bought an English dictionary for me.2.表示向某人买某物，通常用介词from。如：He bought this watch from a friend.他从一位朋友那儿买了这块手表。,begin,begin表示开始做某事
25、，其后的动词可用不定式也可用动名词。如：When did you begin to learn learning French?你什么时候开始学法语?【注】当begin后接的是表示心里活动的动词(如think,realize,understand等)或begin本身为-ing形式时，其后通常要接不定式。如：It is beginning to rain.开始下雨了。She began to understand.她开始明白了,read,(1)表示阅读性地“看书”(即读书)，一般要用动词read。如：Dont read such books.不要读那样的书。He is reading a boo
26、k on Shakespeare.他在看一本关于莎士比亚的书。注：汉语的“教书”不能直译为teach books,可以只用teach。如：Where does he teach?他在哪儿教书?,若不是表示阅读性地“看书”，而只是大概地看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句等，或者是考试时偷看书本等，此时都不宜用动词read,可用look at,see等。如：Can I look at those books?我可以看看那些书吗?Please answer my questions without looking at your books.请不看书回答我的问题。Students must not look at their books during examinations.学生考试不准舞弊。,
