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1、高考语法复习,动词的时态,1、高考题点击：Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met no storms.（05辽宁卷）Awas called Bis called Chad been called Dhas been called2.I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.(2001 N)A.will play B.have played C.pl
2、ayed D.play,B,D,说明：本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时，但“被称为太平洋”是客观现状，只能用一般现在时。,说明：常识告诉我们，一个人一旦获得某种技能，一般是不会在短期内失去的，所以需用一般现在时。,3.-Can I join the club,Dad?-You can when you _ a bit older.(94全国）get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got4.He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university ne
3、xt year.(2002上海)A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduatesD.is to graduate 5.However hard he _(work),he may fail.Give him the message the moment he _.(arrive),A,C,说明：时间状语从句中没有将来时，需用一般现在时替代一般将来时。,说明：by the time 引导的是时间状语从句，故不能使用将来时。D选项虽可考虑，但 be to 结构大多用来表示“义务、决定、职责、约定”等，与句意不合。,works,arrives,6.L
4、ook at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026_off at 18:20.(2006四川）A.takes B.took C.will be taken D.has taken,说明：按照时刻表的多用一般现在时表示将来 eg:The first class begins at 7:40.,A,表示客观事实或普通真理；,常用一般现在时,在时间、条件等状语从句中,时刻表中,-_leave at the end of this month.-I dont think you should do that until _another job.Im going to,
5、youd found B.Im going to,youve foundC.Ill,youll find D.Ill,youd found,B,注意：在从句中有时也可用现在完成时来表达,Dont get off the bus until it _(stop),has stopped,7.Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasnt stopped ringing.People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money.(05湖南)A.phone B.will phone C.were phoning D.
6、are phoning 8.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.(2001 N)A.is changingB.has changed C.will have changedD.will change,说明：自从我赢了大奖，人们不停地打电话来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。此处的 are phoning 表示“不停的打电话”。,说明：选择移动电话难的原因是由于科技正在飞速发展，所以要用现在进行时；况且进行时态常给人一种情感上的描述，表示说话者的一种“感慨、赞赏、愤
7、怒、斥责”等。,D,A,现在进行时可以表示说话时或者是现阶段正在发生的动作,-You are drinking too much.-Only at home.No one _me but you.(2000北京春季）A.is seeing B.had seen C.sees D.saw,C,注意:某些表示状态、心理情感、短暂动作及感官的动词不用于进行时态。lie,possess,remain,seem,deserve,believe,desire,intend,prefer,remember,accept,decide,deny,glance,refuse,see,hear,smell,tas
8、te,sound,9._ my sister three times today but her line was always busy.（05北京春季）A.Id phoned B.Ive been phoning C.Ive phoned D.I was phoning 10.-You havent been to Beijing,have you?-_.How I wish to go there!(98 N)A.Yes,I haveB.Yes,I havent C.No,I haveD.No,I havent,说明：此题的干扰源是后面的 was busy。今天打了三次电话是用来表示结果
9、的，只能用现在完成时；而每次她都占线是表示过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。,说明：从补充的句子“How I wish to go there!”可知“我”没到过北京。,C,D,典型例题(1)-Do you know our town at all?-No,this is the first time I _ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming(2)-Have you _ been to our town before?-No,its the first time I _ here.A.even,come B.even,have come C.eve
10、r,come D.ever,have come 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I havent received his letter for almost a month.,B,D,11.-Hi,Tracy,you look tired.-I am tired.I _ the living room all day.(98 N)A.paintedB.had painted C.have been paintingD.have painted12
11、.Now that she is out of a job,Lucy_ going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.（04北京）A had consideredB has been considering C consideredD is going to consider,说明：这句话的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”，现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“一直在做”。,C,B,说明：她“一直在考虑返校”是现在完成进行时，“还没作决定”是现在的结果。,eg:He has learned 1000 wo
12、rds so far.,I have studied for two years since I came to school.,句中有以下词或句型，常用现在完成时sinceso far 到目前为止in/over/for/during the past/last/recent+一段时间Its the first/second time(that)+have done It was the first/second time(that)+had done 注意比较 Its time that 结构：It/This is the best/worst.+n+that.,It is high tim
13、e that we went/should go to school,It is/has been two years since I came to school.,During the past ten years great changes have taken place.,Eg:It is the best film that Ive ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。,2、高考题点击：1.My uncle _ until he was forty-five.(2000 上海)A.marriedB.didnt marry C.was not marryingD.would
14、marry2.-Nancy is not coming tonight.-But she _!(98 N)A.promisesB.promisedC.will promise D.had promised,说明：Nancy 答应要来这个动作应该发生在过去，是过去做出的承诺。,说明：until 用在肯定句中时，主句的动词必须是延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到 until 后的时间为止；短暂性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。本题中 marry 是短暂性动词，所以只能用在否定句中。,B,B,Eg:-Jane left for New York last night.-Oh,I _(n
15、ot think)she _(go)until next week.,didnt think,would go,3.-Your name again?I _ quite catch it.-Bob.A.didnt B.dont C.couldnt D.cant,表事先不清楚或未被告知，之后才知道，用一般过去时,A,说明：C表示经常性的动作，而A仅表示刚才发生的一个动作,Eg:-You havent said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?(N2002)-Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner.I
16、 certainly think its pretty on you.A.wasnt sayingB.dont sayC.wont sayD.didnt say,D,4.-Where _you _(put)the book?I cant see it anywhere.-I _(put)it right here.But now its gone.A.did;put;put B.have;put;put C.did;put;have put D.have;put;have put,B,一般过去时与现在完成时区别：时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last
17、year、just now、the other day等。结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。,5.-Did you hear someone knock at the door?-Oh,sorry.I _(read)the book.,was reading,表示过去某个时间点在干什么用过去进行时,-Have you heard someone knock at the door?-Oh,sorry.I _(read)the book.,have been reading,6.-Hey,lo
18、ok where are you going!-Im terribly sorry._.(99全国）Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticing C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice,B,7.Last year,Sara _(write)a book,but Im not sure whether she has finished it or not.I took your umbrella yesterday,for it _(rain)all the day.,was writing,was raining,表示过去某个时间段在干什么
19、用过去进行时,8.The bridge _(complete)by the end of last month.,had been completed,by+时间点通常与完成时连用,By the time Jane gets home,her aunt _for London to attend a meeting.(05 天津）A.will leave B.leaves C.will have left D.left,C,At this time tomorrow _over the Atlantic.(03北京）A.we are going to fly B.well be flying
20、C.well fly D.were to fly,B,说明：by the time 表示“到为止”“在之前”，如果主句的动作发生在过去，一般需要用过去完成时；如果是将来，就需用将来完成时。,9.The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it.(02 北京)A.had cried,lostB.cried,had lost C.has cried,has lost D.cries,has lost 10.Hurry up!Alice and
21、 Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.Oh!I thought they _ without me.(05江西卷)Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone,说明：哭得伤心发生在过去，而丢玩具熊发生在哭之前。两个发生在过去的动作，之前发生的用过去完成时，之后发生的用一般过去时。,说明：“他没叫我就走了”这个动作明显发生在“我认为”之前。所以必须用过去完成时。,B,D,11.It is said in the book that Thomas Edison(1847-1931)_the world leading
22、inventor for sixty years.(04辽宁)A.would be B.has been C.had been D.was,D,一般过去时与过去完成时区别：过去完成时：表示的是过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态简单的说就是发生在过去的过去一般过去时：表示的是过去发生的动作,说明：从1847-1931看出Edison已死，若选B表示的是他还没死，到现在为止作为世界发明大师已经60年，而C应是过去的过去。,12.The news came as no surprise me.I _for some time that the factory was going to shu
23、t down.(03北京）had known B.knew C.have known D.know13.The discussion _alive when an interesting topic was brought in.(04浙江）was coming B.had come C.has come D.came14.-George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to the wedding?-No,I _.Did they have a big wedding?(04湖北）was not invited B.havent been
24、invitedC.hadnt been invited D.didnt invite,A,D,C,3、高考题点击：1.If a man _ succeed,he must work as hard as he can.(95 上海)A.willB.is toC.is going toD.should2.-Youve left the light on.-Oh,so I have._ and turn it off.(2000 N)A.Ill goB.Ive goneC.I goD.Im going,说明：此句的意思为“如果一个人想要成功，就必须尽力而为”。If 引导的是条件状语从句，不能用将来
25、时。而 be to 结构虽然表示将来的动作，但它不属于将来时。,说明：本句的重点是“并行结构”，关键是看后面的 turn，所以B、C、D、都不符合。,B,A,注意区分will/be going to/be about to do/be to do,1.-Jane is in hospital.-Oh,Ive been told.I _ see her.2.Look at the clouds.It _ rain.3.He _18 years old in one month.4.I _ sit down for a rest when someone knocked at the door.5
26、.-Did you go to the party?-Oh,I_,but I had to work extra hours to finish the report.A.was going to B.had C.would,Oh,really?I _to see her.,am going to,will go,is going to,will be,A,was about to,4.虚拟与陈述的混合,She would put on weight,but she _(eat)little.2.I would have helped you,but I _(have)a visitor.3.
27、-You ought to have given him advice.-Oh,I _,but who cared what I said?A.ought to have B.ought C.had D.did5.We _(hope)that you would be able to visit us,but you didnt.6.-Miss Zhangs second-hand car _(go)wrong though she used it only once.-Shed better go to check it.,eats,She would have put on weight,
28、but she _(eat)little,ate,had,D,had hoped,Hope/wish/expect/think/want/mean/intend/suppose用 had done 表过去没有实现的愿望，打算，计划等,has gone,5.其他,1.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happy families.(04湖南）A.will often see B.often see C.are often seeing D.have often see 2.Many
29、 years ago,Jane _in the flat with her grandma for a long period of time.had been living B.had lived C.has been living D.lived,Eg:I _ in London for many years,but Ive never regretted my final decision.(06重庆）lived B.was living C.have lived D.had lived,A,D,A,祈使句+安定and/or/but+句子（常用将来时）,被 动 语 态,高考题点击：1.I
30、 need one more stamp before my collection _.(94 N)A.has completedB.completes C.has been completed D.is completed2.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.(98 N)A.payB.payingC.paidD.to pay,说明：集邮册只能被完成，且在 before 从句中没有将来时，故只能选D。,说明：该句的意思为“在大城市中清洁女工的工资通常是按小时支付的。”很明显该用被动语态。,D,C,3.Books of
31、this kind _ well.(99 上海)A.sellB.sellsC.are soldD.is sold4.Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes.(01 北京春)A.loseB.will be lostC.are lostD.will lose,说明：sell 既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，当用作“销售情况如何”时，sell 为不及物动词，故没有被动语态。类似的词还有：wash,translate,write 等。,说明：lose job 为“失业”，job 只能被失去，且动作应该发生在将来。,A,B,5.A new cinema _ he
32、re.They hope to finish it next month.(2001 北京春季)A.will be builtB.is built C.has been builtD.is being built6.The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.(2001上海)A.has been designedB.had been designed C.was designedD.would be designed,说明：从后句可知电影院应该正在修建。需要注意的是现在进行时态的被动语态的动词形式。,说明：by the end of
33、 短语一般都与过去完成时或将来完成时连用。,D,B,7.This is Teds photo.We miss him a lot.He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(2002 北京春季)A.killedB.is killedC.was killedD.was killing8.I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.(2002上海)A.is to blameB.is going to blame C.is to be blamedD.should blame,说明：不要
34、被前面使用的现在时所蒙蔽，在地震中抢救小孩并献身的动作只能在过去。,说明：be to blame 是固定结构，不能用被动语态。该句是一个强调句型。,C,A,9.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.(2002上海春季)A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut,说明：该句的意思为“雨林正在以如此快的速度被砍伐和烧毁以至于在不久的将来它们就会消失。”从语境中可以看出应该使用现在进行时。况
35、且进行时可以表达出说话人的一种特殊的情感。说话人是想呼吁人们停止乱砍乱烧雨林，给人们提出的一种警告。,C,Good-bye!,1.表示客观事实或普通真理；,在时间、条件等状语从句中,时刻表中,常用一般现在时,注意：在从句中有时也可用现在完成时来表达,现在进行时可以表示说话时或者是现阶段正在发生的动作,注意:某些表示状态、心理情感、短暂动作及感官的动词不用于进行时态。Lie,possess,remain,seem,deserve,believe,desire,intend,prefer,remember,accept,decide,deny,glance,refuse,see,hear,smel
36、l,taste,sound,句中有以下词或句型，常用现在完成时sinceso far 到目前为止in/over/for/during the past/last/recent+一段时间Its the first/second time(that)+have done It was the first/second time(that)+had done 注意比较 Its time that 结构：It/This is the best/worst.+n+that.,现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“一直在做”。,We havent heard f
37、rom Jane for a long time.What do you suppose _ to her?A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened Hello,I _ you were in London.How long _ here?A.dont know;were you B.hadnt known;are you C.havent known;are D.didnt know;have you been Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we
38、_ expected to.A.finished;were B.have finished;are C.have finished;were D.had finished;were When I was at college I _ three foreign language but I _ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten C.had spoken;have forgotten,C,D,C,B,一般过去时与现在完成时区别
39、：时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day等。结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。,表示过去某个时间点/段在干什么用过去进行时,by+时间点通常与完成时连用,一般过去时与过去完成时区别：过去完成时：表示的是过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态简单的说就是发生在过去的过去一般过去时：表示的是过去发生的动作,Hope/wish/expect/think/want/mean/intend/suppose用 had done 表过去没有实现的愿望，打算，计划等,
