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1、Chapter Two Functions and types of Testing（考试功能及其类别）,Test;measure;evaluation,evaluation,Measurement,Summary of their relationship,interrelated,interactive,interplay and overlapped.（相互作用；相互影响)。the interplay of light and shadow(光影交错).,I.Function of language testing,Teaching/Pedagogical function of tes
2、t test plays a crucial role in To improve the teaching quality by testing To promote the learners learning effectively To provide useful information for policy-makers To adjust the national curriculum To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching materials More ideas from You:,B.Research Function,Contex
3、t:In the middle of 20th century,in the USA;some educational institutions;problems:they encounter in every day classroom life.How?a teacher?marry theory with practice to facilitate their classroom teaching,Discussion and interpretation:Image of the teacher,1）春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡烛成灰泪始干.?2）学高为师，身正为范。？3）教师是太阳底下最辉煌
4、的职业。?,Teachers role:_ a craftsman to be responsible for knowledgean information-dispenser_teacher as a researcher Action research 2)related concepts of teacher trainging:in-service trainingprofessional training-professional development_teacher professioanl development_teacher development,Observe-ana
5、lysis-plan-do-reflection,Sumarry of its research function:,Provide the tool for educational researchProvide scientific criteria for classroom researchWidely used in Second language acquisition,Second language loss,and strategies of second language learning.,II.Types of language Testing,According to
6、its purposes:1)Placement tests(分班考试):_ course-based or unrelated materials norm-referenced tests Purpose:placed learners in an appropriate course or class.2)Proficiency tests(水平测试)；language theory based;belong to selective testing.Purpose:meet a certain institutional needs in particular.For example:
7、PESTS and ILTS.,3)Progress tests:(阶段性测试):course-based or textbook-based Purpose:to enhance what the students have learned.For example:midterm exam:classroom quiz.4)Achievement tests(成绩测试):course-syllabus based or textbook-based Purpose:to assess the learning contents.5)Diagnostic tests(诊断测试):contex-
8、based or problem-finding-based Purpose:to identify those areas in which students need further help,From the testing form:Direct tests:oral testing,interview,discussion.Indirect tests typical one:error identification From the marking form:Objective tests:Multiple-choice,for example.Subjective tests:t
9、ranslation,writing etc.,III.How can we interpret the scores by testing?,norm-referenced tests(常模参照考试)after exam;comparision among scores criterion-referenced tests(尺度参照考试)before exams;ready criteria to reference Group discussion:1)How can you analyze the intentions,purposes of a certain test?2)What language skills will be assessed through certain test papers?,What have you got from the lesson today?,What have you got from the lesson today?,
