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1、,Lesson 8 A famous monastery,Warm-up Activity,1.Do you like to go a natural place or a historic place?Why?-relax/scenery/fresh air/quiet/peaceful/exercise/experience/adventure/climbing/camp-historic/interesting/attractive/ancient/be located in/reflect/design/sacred/holy/worship/pray for/god/2.What c
2、an we learn from the historic place?-the past/the lesson/remember/avoid repeating the mistakes/educate/experience/love the country/culture/ancient ideas/development of civilization/influence on people,Background Information,Famous monasteryGreat pass,A famous monastery,monastery:a sacred building wh
3、ere monks live convent:a sacred building where nuns live,A hospice(宗教团体开办的招待所）for travellers was founded in 1049 by Saint Bernard of Menthon and came to be named after him in the 16th century to keep the pass safe for travellers.The hospice occupies two buildings made of grey stone(built in 1899),wh
4、ich provide hotel services.,The Great Bernard Monastery,The pass runs northeast-southwest through the Alps.The road runs through the pass and joins Switzerland to Italy.From the north(Switzerland),the route to the pass follows the Dranse River valley,then into the wild and desolate(荒凉的)valley.,The G
5、reat St.Bernard Pass,Chinas famous monastery,Shaolin Temple（monastery）is at Song Shan,in Dengfeng,Henan Province,China.Everyday many people including foreigners visit Shaolin Temple.The Shaolin temple(monastery)has a very long history(founded during the Northern Wei dynasty)and remains one of Chinas
6、 oldest Buddhist temples.It is famed for Kung Fu.,Chinas famous pass,While traveling through Gansu Province,we came across the Jiayu Pass the largest section of the western Great Wall of China.The pass runs through central Gansu acting as a corridor(走廊）for people traveling between Dunhuang and Lanzh
7、ou.,monastery n.寺院，修道院St.Bernard 圣伯纳德Pass n.关隘Watchdog n.看门狗Rashly adv.莽撞地，冒失地,Enclosure n.围场，圈地Monk n.和尚Privacy n.清静，隐居Skier n.滑雪者Easter n.复活节,New words and expressions,Vocabulary Learning,monasteryn.寺院，修道院 Conventn.女修道会,女修道院Monk n.和尚，僧侣 Nunn.修女Abbotn.男修道院院长abbessn.女修道院院长 abbey n.a large church tog
8、ether with a group of buildings in which monks or nuns live or lived in the past 隐修院；修道院,(曾为修道院的大教堂)大教堂 e.g.Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特教堂(西敏寺),St.Bernard=Saint BernardSt=strait Taiwan StraitSt=street Wall StreetSt=saint 1.A saint is a holy person,refers to any Christian believer(all Christians in heaven
9、 are considered to be saints)2.a very good,kind patient personSt.John Saint Valentines DayShes a saint to go on living with that man.,3.rash:n.An area of red spots on a persons skin,caused by illness.皮疹,一种接触传染性皮疹 A contact skin rash.heat rash 痱子,e.g.Dont be rash in making your decision.Think twice b
10、efore doing anything rash.,rashly:adv.莽撞地，冒失地 rash：adj.doing sth without first thinking轻率的，鲁莽的,e.g.She rashly promised to lend him the money.,rashness n.u,1)围场，圈地2)（信中的）附件enclose v.围绕山上云雾缭绕-The mountains were enclosed by mist.en-使,成为encourage endanger enslave,enclosure:n.,n.清静，隐居-I dont want my priv
11、acy to be disturbed.n隐私individual privacy right of privacy,privacy:n.,skiing sleigh 雪橇snowboarding 滑雪板skateboard 滑板slide 滑梯，幻灯片,skier:n.滑雪者,Detailed Study of the text,The Great St.Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.At 2,473 metres,it is the highest mountain pass in Europe.The famous monaster
12、y of St.Bernard,which was founded in eleventh century,lies about a mile away.For hundreds of years,St.Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.These friendly dogs,which were first brought from Asia,were used as watchdogs even in Roman times.,named after Bernard,use
13、d in mountain rescue work,Bernard,Meaning:,St.Bernard of Menthon:,St.Bernard dog:,bear,Strong or Brave as a bear,a saint of mountaineers,St.Bernard dog with barrelThe St.Bernards were bred(养）large enough to traverse(穿越)deep snow and to scent(嗅出的气)out lost persons.,Pass n.1.a place through mountains
14、which is very difficult to cross关口；关隘；山路2.a successful result in an exam 及格，通过3.an official document or ticket the shows you have the right to enter 通行证-The Jiayu pass is one of the most dangerous.-She got a pass in French.她法语考试及格了。-No one is allowed to enter without a pass.,Pass v.1:to go by 2:give
15、 sth to sb by putting it into their hands 3:to go beyond;surpass,exceed 4:to go through(as a test)successfully 5:to give approval to 6:to let(as time or a period of time)go by 7:to emit or discharge from a bodily part-They pass the library every morning on their way to school.-He passed the ball to
16、Owen.-She passed two other runners just before the finish line.-She hasnt passed the driving test yet.-The committee passed the law.-The hours passed quickly.-The drug passes quickly into the bloodstream.,Connect1.to join or fasten together usually by something 2.to place or establish in relationshi
17、p.-A hallway connects the two rooms.-Its the major highway connecting the two towns.-The two bones connect at the elbow.-I never connect you with that group of people.,1.connectto 把.与连接在一起 翻译：北京和上海之间有一条铁路相连。There is a railway connecting Beijing to Shanghai.2.connect.with 把.与某事联系在一起 我不能把这张照片和Mary联系起来
18、。I cant connect this picture with Mary.这两门学科紧密相连。The two subjects are closely connected.,connect,connect v.连接(万能)contact n./v.(与人联系)relate v.联系（抽象）keep in contact/lose contact with sb.eye contact lenses-犯罪率的上升和失业率上升紧密相连。-The rise in crimes relates closely to the increase in unemployment.,connect/con
19、tact/relate,Lie（lay,lain)1.to be or to stay in a position；to be situated in a particular place-He was lying on his back.-The town lies in a valley.-His real interest lies in music.lie v.(lies,lying,lied,lied)(to sb)(about sth)to say or write sth that you know is not true说谎，撒谎lay v.(laid,laid)to put
20、sb./sth in a particular position,especially when it is down gently or carefully(尤指轻轻地或小心地)放置，安放,watchdog n.a fierce dog kept to guard property看门狗，看家狗a person or organization that tries to guard against stealing,wasteful use of public money,undesirable practices,etc.监视者；监视机构e.g.监督电视广告是否符合标准的政府机构 a go
21、vernment watchdog on television advertising standards,watchdog,-watchdog-n.看家狗-watch-hour-n.值班时间-watchhouse-n.哨所,岗亭-watchman-n.看守人,警卫员-watchroom-n.值班室-watchtower-n.岗楼,了望塔-keep watch 值班,看守,照料-keep close watch on密切注视-on watch值班,监视,Lead a dogs life Die a dogs deathKeep/walk a dogWork like a dogTreat sb
22、 like a dog Barking dogs do not bite.Love me,love my dog.Beat the dog before the lion.Every dog has his day.,过穷困潦倒的生活惨死养、溜狗拼命工作不把某人当人看吠狗不咬人爱屋及乌杀鸡儆猴大家都有走运,A luck dog,幸运儿,Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains,the Pass is less dangerous,but each year,the dogs are still sent out into th
23、e snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty.Despite the new tunnel,there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.,now that conj.because the thing mentioned is happening or has just happened 既然；由于,e.g.1)Now that the kids have left home we have got a lot of extra space.孩子们
24、都离开家了，我们住着就更宽绰了。2)既然约翰来了，我们就可以开始了。Now(that)Johns arrived,we can begin.3)既然你长大了,就不应该依靠你的父母。Now that you are grown up,you should not rely on your parents.,-Now that youve grown up,I can tell you about that.-The monastery is very busy,for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars.
25、-As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.-The dogs have greater freedom,too,for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure.,【辨】because,since,as,for,now that,because，since，as均表“因为，由于”1)其中because语气最强，since次之，as最弱；回答why的问题只能用because。e.g.-So why worry？-B
26、ecause its my responsibility.,2)Since常表已知事实“既然”，引导从句多置于主句前,作“自从”后面还可以跟完成时。Since you know its just number，you will not add this QQ number.,3)As 较口语化，原因更明显，引导从句置于主句前。(L 12)As there were so many people about，the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.,4）for 常用于书面语，于句尾，语气弱。（L11）During the summer mo
27、nths,the monastery is very busy,for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars.5）now that 既然，由于（引导原因状语从句）-Now（that）Im here,Id better stay.(句首，在口语中that可省),1.(07陕西18)when has the country been open to international trade?1978，I suppose.A.Since B.In C.From D.After2.(08北京23)Did you r
28、eturn Freds call?I didnt need to-Ill see him tomorrow.A.though B.unless C.when D.because,A,D,despite=in spite of prep.不管，不论，尽管e.g.Despite/In spite of the bad weather,they went out as planned.She went to the party despite the fact that the doctor had told her to rest.He had a big lunch despite having
29、 just had breakfast.,though 连词(接句子)Though it was raining,they went out as planned.,whenever=no matter when 无论什么时候wherever,however,whoever,whichever,whatevere.g.1)You can call me whenever you like.你可以随时打电话给我。2)无论谁来都会受到欢迎。Whoever comes,he will be welcomed.,3)不管发生什么事，都不要改变你的计划。Whatever happens,dont cha
30、nge your plan.4)每当我不高兴时，他都会给我鼓劲。Whenever I am unhappy,he will cheer me up.5)无论我走到哪里，她都跟着我。Wherever I go,she will follow me.,in difficulty 处境困难,有困难；陷入困境 e.g.We should help those who are in difficulty.我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。be in+n.表示“处于状态”e.g.be in luxury/misery 生活奢华/悲惨处在麻烦中欠债绝望地沮丧地哭着身体好状况好爱上某人,in trouble in
31、debt in despair in dismayin tears in good health in good conditionin love with sb.,in difficulty 处境困难,有困难；陷入困境 e.g.We should help those who are in difficulty.我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。词组：have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难。without difficulty 毫不费劲地翻译：1)I had no difficulty(in)making myself understood.我毫不费力地表达了自己的
32、意思。2)我们轻而易举就找到了这所房子。We found the house without difficulty.,attempt,attempt to do v.努力；尝试=try to doe.g.(1)我将努力回答你的全部问题。I will attempt to answer all your questions.(2)不要试图自己修理这块手表。Do not attempt to repair this watch yourself.attempt+n.(3)囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。The prisoners attempted an escape,but failed.n.make
33、an to do sth.e.g.他们企图逃跑。They made an attempt to escape.,During the summer months,the monastery is very busy,for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars.As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.In winter,however,life at the monastery is
34、 quite different.The temperature drops to-30 o and very few people attempt to cross the Pass.,As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.about adv.在近处，附近；近旁,look aboutgo aboutrun aboutwander about,到处看 到处走 到处跑 到处闲逛,=around,The temperature drops to-30 and very fe
35、w people attempt to cross the Pass.drop v.下降表数量减少：decrease/decline/descend/fall表数量增加：increase/rise/jump/rocket,e.g.The temperature of summer in Chongqing jumps to 40 centigrade and very few people attempt to go out.,The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy.The dogs have greater fr
36、eedom,too,for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure.The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter.These young people,who love the peace of mountains,always receive a warm welcome at St.Bernards monastery.,The monks prefer
37、 winter to summer for they have more privacy.prefer A to B prefer doing A to doing BPrefer to do/doingPrefer to do sth.rather than do/doing,-Forrest prefers to running rather than walk.宁死不屈prefer to die rather than surrender,Privacy:1.the state of being alone or not disturbed by other people.-An ind
38、ividuals right to privacy should be protected.-I need some privacy to finish my paper.in the privacy 私下地,Wander:1.to move about anywhere without a purpose-I was just wandering around the house.-They wandered down the street.-Students were wandering the halls.,The dogs have greater freedom,too,for th
39、ey are allowed to wander outside their enclosure.,Compare:wander,roam&ramble1)wander-vi.漫步闲逛（无目的或固定路线的闲荡，可以指人或物）-wander about over the world漫游世界-wander through the woods徘徊于林中2)roam-v.漫游,闲逛,徜徉（长时间无目的）-“Herds of horses and cattle roamed at will over the plain”“大群牛马无拘无束地在草原上漫步”3)ramble-v.漫游（无目的漫步；讲话离题）
40、-They would go off together,rambling along the river”“他们将一同出发，沿着河流漫步”,The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter.A party of 一群 A community of monks A flood of refugees A galaxy of beauties,Regular 1.orderly;done or happening often,
41、均匀的呼吸,正常的心跳,定期会议,常事,惯犯,常客,稳定的工作,regular breathing,regular heartbeat,regular meeting,regular occurrence,regular offenders,regular customers,固定的收入,a regular job,a regular income,Party:1:a social occasion,at which people eat,drink,talk,dance and enjoy themselves.2.a political organization whose members
42、 have the same aims and ideas.3.a group of people who are doing sth together such as travelling or visiting somewhere.4.one of people or groups of people involved in a legal agreement.-A birthday party/the Labour Party/A party of tourists/the two parties in the marriage contract-We are having a high
43、 school dance party.-The parties in the lawsuit reached a settlement.,Easter:the Sunday in March or April when Christians remember the death of Jesus Christ and his return to life(Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his death).Easter Sunday/Easter Day.Easter is a moveable feast.Easter cu
44、stoms vary across the Christian world,but decorating Easter eggs is common.,an Easter egg=an egg made of chocolate that is given as present and eaten at Easter an Easter basket=a basket of candy,toys,etc.,that is given to children at Easter,Egg hunting,location,connects Switzerland to ItalyAt 2,475
45、meters,it is the highest mountain pass a tunnel has been built through the mountains.the dogs are still sent out into As there are so many people about,the dogs have to be,Summary writing,Points1 St.Bernards Pass visited thousands of people summer 2 People cross Pass in cars3 Dogs special enclosure
46、so many people about4 Temperature in winter 305 Few visitors6 Monks prefer winter season7 Dogs free to wander outside enclosure8Young skiers regularly visit monastery in winter9 Christmas and Easter Warmly welcome,TheSt.BernardsPassisvisitedbythousandsofpeopleinsummer,whocrossthePassincars.Becauseth
47、erearesomanypeopleabout,thedogsarekeptinaspecialenclosure.Asthetemperatureinwinterfallsto-30,therearefewvisitors,sothemonkspreferthisseason.Thedogsarealsofreetowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.Partiesofyoungskiersregularlyvisitthemonasteryinwinter,duringChristmasandEasterwhentheyarewarmlywelcomed.(80words),Possible answer,
