《现在完成时解析.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《现在完成时解析.ppt（34页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、春天还会远吗?will it still be far in spring?,冬天已经来了,Winter has already come,现在完成时态,Winter has already come.,now,past,future,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情,现在完成时用法1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或结果。e.g.Have you had your lunch yet?Yes,I have.Ive just had it.(现在我不饿了。)2.表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。Eg.She
2、 has learning English for three years.,4,(2)现在完成时的句型构成：肯定结构：主语+_+_+其他.主语是第三人称单数时助动词用_,主语是其他人称时助动词用_。,have/has,动词的过去分词,has,have,4,5,否定结构：主语+have/has+_+动词的过去分词+其他 注意：have not=havent；has not=hasnt,not,5,6,一般疑问句结构：_+主语+动词的过去分词+其他肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+havent/hasnt.,Have/Has,6,1.I have visited t
3、he nature museum.（变一般疑问句并作否定回答）_ you _ the nature museum?No,_ _.2.Tina has already read Treasure Island.（变否定句）Tina _ _ Treasure Island_.3.Mary has gone to Beijing.（对划线部分提问）_ _ Mary _?,现炒现卖,Have,visited,I,havent,hasnt,read,yet,Where,has,gone,一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick picked picked;wis
4、h wished wished;stay stayed stayed2.以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like liked liked;hope hoped hoped;phone phoned phoned,3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied;hurry hurried hurried;reply replied replied4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped;plan planned planned,不规则变化：5.以不变应万变。如：l
5、et let let;put put put;read read read6.若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：feel felt felt;keep kept kept;sleep slept slept,7.结尾的字母d变t。如：lend lent lent;build built built;send sent sent8.变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy bought bought;bring brought brought;catch caught caught;teach taught taught,活学活用,1.Write the forms of
6、 the past tense and past participle:drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _ leave _ _ tell _ _,drank drunk,saw seen,found found,left left,told told,13,(3)现在完成时的标志词：常与already(已经),yet(仍),never(从不),ever(曾经),just(刚刚),before(以前),so far(到目前为止)twice(两次)recently(最近)等连用,强调动作的完成,不强调动作的持续。Eg.I have never argued with my par
7、ents.I have read Oliver Twist twice.,13,14,常与“for+时间段,since+过去的时间 点;since+时间段+ago;since+一般过去 时态的句子;in the past/last ten years(在过去十年)”等连用,强调动作的持续。Eg.I have lived here for 30 years.=I have lived here since 30 years ago.=I have lived here since 1986.I have lived here since I was only two.,14,Why is Mr.
8、Yang still in the teachers office?Maybe he _ his work yet.A.doesnt finish B.hasnt finished C.havent finished,B,现炒现卖,()【2013广西贵港】Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand?Yes.I _ it twice.Its funny.A.saw B.see C.have seen D.will see,C,中考链接,()【2013黑龙江牡丹江】Lunch?No,thanks.I_.A.will eat B.am eating C.have e
9、aten()【2013 湖北黄冈】Where is Tom?We cant find him anywhere.Perhaps he _ home.A.has come B.is going C.went D.was going,C,A,现在完成时与一般过去时的比较,1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。,I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）,2）一般过去时 常与具体的表
10、示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。,一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,last week，ago,in1990,in October,just now,-具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past few years,recently,-模糊的时间状语,判断正误Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.Tom wrote a letter to his par
11、ents last night.,对,错,3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married等。,She joined the League three years ago.(加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years(since three years ago).(在团内的状态可延续)She has been a Leag
12、ue member for three years(since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续),since 用来说明动作起始时间“自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度“长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.,比较since和for,注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的
13、句子都用现在完成时 I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。)I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。),He has gone to Shanghai.他(已经)去上海了。,He has been to Shanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。,比较 have/has been to have/has gone to,He went to Shanghai last week.,他(曾经)到/去过上海 在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了,他已经去上海
14、了 也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里,上周他做了一件事:那就是去了上海,He has been to Shanghai.,He has gone to Shanghai.,He has been in Shanghai for 10 years.,他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 现在还在上海没有离开呢,辨析这些句子由时态导致的含义上的差别,He died 10 years ago.-He _ _ _ for 10 years/since 10 years ago.2.He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.-He _ _ the book
15、for 2 weeks.3.He bought the motorbike a month ago.-He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4.He arrived here three days ago.-He _ _ here since three days ago.5.They turned off the light 2 hours ago.-The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.,延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化,He died 10 years ago.-He has been dead for 10 years/since 10 y
16、ears ago.2.He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.-He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3.He bought the motorbike a month ago.-He has had the motorbike for a month.4.He arrived here three days ago.-He has been here since three days ago.5.They turned on the light 2 hours ago.-The light has been on for 2 hours.
17、,延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化(keys),6.He left here 2 years ago.-He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7.The film began 30 minutes ago.-The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8.They opened the door an hour ago.-The door _ _ _ for an hour.9.They closed the door an hour ago.-The door _ _ _ for an hour.10.He joined the army last y
18、ear.-He _ _ a _ for a year.-He _ _ _ the army for a year.-It _ a year _ he joined the army.,6.He left here 2 years ago.-He has been away from here for 2 years.7.The film began 30 minutes ago.-The film has been on for 30 minutes.8.They opened the door an hour ago.-The door has been open for an hour.9
19、.They closed the door an hour ago.-The door has been closed for an hour.10.He joined the army last year.-He has been a soldier for a year.-He has been in the army for a year.-It is a year since he joined the army.,e.g.I havent seen her these days.Ive known Bob for three years.Ive been at this school
20、 for over two years.,时间状语already,yet,just,ever,never,before,构成现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。,动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。(注：例子中单词的变化顺序为：动词原形 动词的过去式 动词的过去分词),句式1.肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词(+其他)2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去 分词(+其他)3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+过去 分词(+其他),4.特
21、殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(不是句子主语)+have/has+主语+过去分词(+其他)2)特殊疑问词(是句子主语)+have/has+过去分词(+其他),already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。already一般用于肯定句中。如：We have already cleaned up our classroom.注意：already用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如：Have you finished your homework already?I cant believe it.,yet一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如：Have you seen her yet?The bus hasnt come yet.,
