语法篇专题代词it的用法.ppt

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1、专题三代词(it的用法),英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。,附表:,【考点一】考查another,other,others,the other与the others的辨析another,other,others,the other与the others用法如下表:,【即学即练】单项填空If you want to change for a double room,youll have to pay _$15.A.another B.other C.more D.each 解析:选A。句意为:如果

2、你想换一间双人房间,你得再付15美元。“another+数词+复数可数名词”表示在原有基础上多出的数量。other,more也有“再、又”之意,但位置与another不同,应使用“数词+more/other+复数可数名词”结构。【考点二】考查some,any,(a)little,(a)few的用法(1)some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句。注意下列特殊情况:some后接单数可数名词,意为“某一”时,相当于“a certain+单数可数名词”。在表示请求或邀请的句子中,当期望对方给予一个肯定的答复时,通常用some,不用any。在肯定句中表示“任何,无论哪一个”,后接可数名词单数形式

3、时,通常用any,不用some。,Any book will do-I just want something to read on the train.用于肯定的条件句中,意为“什么,一个(些)”。He asked me if I had any books in my desk.if any是固定词组,意为“若有的话”。(2)few和little可用作代词和形容词。few和a few可以修饰或代替可数名词复数。few有否定含义,a few有肯定含义,little和a little可以修饰或代替不可数名词。little有否定含义,a little含肯定含义。Can we do our wor

4、k better with less money and few people?【考点三】考查复合不定代词some,any,every,no常与one,body,thing构成复合不定代词。这类不定代词有:something(某事,重要的人或事物),anything(什么事物,任何事物,无论什么事物),nothing(没有东西,什么也没有,不重要的人或事),everything(一切事,最重要的事),someone=somebody(某/有人,重要的人),everyone=everybody(每个人,所有人),anyone=anybody(任何人,无论谁,重要的人)等。,something,a

5、nything,nothing和everything指物,它们在句中作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式。somebody,anybody,nobody和everybody用以指人。它们还与别的词构成很多习语,如:for nothing(徒劳,免费),nothing but(仅仅,只不过),anything but(根本不,一点也不,绝非),all but(几乎,差不多),everything but(除了之外所有的)。nothing和nobody/no one表示全部否定。不定代词后跟else时,表示“另外的,其他的”;形容词修饰something/anything/nothing时,应置于不定代词

6、之后。【考点四】考查both,either,neither,all,any,none的辨析both,either,neither,all,any,none用法见下表:,【考点五】考查替代词it(them),one(ones),that(those)的用法,Mr.Zhang gave me a very valuable present,one(=a present)that I have never seen.Mr.Zhang gave me many valuable presents,ones(=many presents)that I have never seen.The book o

7、n the desk is better than that/the one under the desk.The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.【即学即练】单项填空The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.(2008宁夏)A.which B.what C.that D.the one解析:选C。句意为:在美国说的英语与在英国说的英语略有一点不同。为了避免重

8、复,要用替代词代替前面出现的同一事情,但此处English为抽象名词,也是不可数名词,要用that,而不用the one。the one代替可数名词时,可与that互换。,【考点六】考查it的用法,【难点】辨析none,nobody,no one,nothing用nobody,no one,nothing,none完成下列句子Whats in the box?_.Who is in the classroom?_.How many people are there in the park?_.【解析】nobody,no one,nothing和none常用作简略答语,一般情况下,nothing

9、回答what问句;nobody和no one回答who问句;none回答how many或how much问句。所以题填Nothing;题填Nobody或 No one;题填None。注意:none 后面可加of引导的介词短语,而something/anything/everything/nothing;someone/anyone/everyone/no one 却不能。,1.When you introduce me to Mr.Johnson,could you please say _ for me?(2010福建)A.everything B.anything C.something

10、 D.nothing解析:选C。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:当你向约翰逊先生引荐我的时候,请为我说些好话,好吗?something表示“某事,某物”。everything表示“任何事物,一切”;anything表示“任何事物”;nothing表示“没有什么”,都不合句意。2.If our parents do everything for us children,we wont learn to depend on_.(2010上海)A.themselves B.them C.us D.ourselves解析:选D。考查反身代词的用法。depend on oneself意为“自力更生”。主语为

11、we,因此应为ourselves。3.You are a team star!Working with _ is really your cup of tea.(2010安徽)A.both B.either C.others D.the other,解析:选C。考查代词的用法。句意为:你是一个有团队精神的人!与别人合作对你来说太容易了。others其他人;the other两个中的另一个;both两个都;either(两者之中)任一的。A、B、D三项均不符合句意。4.Helping others is a habit,_ you can learn even at an early age.(

12、2010山东)A.it B.that C.what D.one解析:选D。考查代词的用法。句意为:帮助别人是一种习惯,一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。句中“you can learn even at an early age”是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句,that在定语从句中作learn的宾语。空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系,one用来代替前面出现的泛指的单数名词a habit,避免重复。5._ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.(2010天津)A.Anything B

13、.Nothing C.Everything D.Something解析:选B。考查复合不定代词的用法。句意为:没有什么能像第一次参观故宫博物院一样给我留下如此深刻的印象。从题中so.as.搭配来看,空白处需要否定词,而A、C、D三项均表示肯定意义。,6.The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.(2010陕西)A.that B.this C.it D.one 解析:选A。考查代词的用法。句意为:西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。所填词用于比较状

14、语从句中,指代句子的主语the cost,即指代不可数名词,用that。7.On my desk is a photo that my father took of _ when I was a baby.(2010四川)A.him B.his C.me D.mine解析:选C。考查代词的用法。句意为:我桌上有一张我父亲在我小时给我拍的照片。take a photo of sb.意为“给某人照相”,此处应用人称代词的宾格。8.Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.(

15、2010全国)A.others B.the other C.another D.one other 解析:选B。考查不定代词的用法。neither含有“两者都不”之意,一方对应另一方,应用the other指“两者中的另一个”。,9.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them again.(2010重庆)A.neither B.either C.each D.all解析:选B。考查代词的用法。句意为:在战争年代他脾性大变,身体也垮了,并且再也没有恢复过来。由“his temper and

16、health”可以排除C项和D项,由后面的never表示否定,可知,选either。never either是全部否定,相当于neither。10.Swimming is my favorite sport.There is _ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.(2010江西)A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything解析:选C。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的一种方式,没有什么比游泳更好的了。“there is nothing like.”意思是“没有比更好的”。1

17、1._ thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.(2010浙江)A.One B.All C.Everything D.Anything,解析:选B。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:重要的是你正在努力并且朝着正确的方向前行。分析四个选项的意思,all后加that引导的定语从句,符合语境。12.The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.(2010全国)A.this B.that C.one D.it

18、解析:选D。考查代词it的用法。句意为:医生认为度假对你有好处。代词it用作形式主语,代替后面真正的主语“to have a holiday”。this,that,one都不可用作形式主语。13.The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country.(2010辽宁)A so B.much C.that D.it解析:选D。考查代词it的用法。句意为:她是外国人这一事实使她在那个国家中很难找到一份工作。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词

19、不定式的复合结构作made的宾语,difficult是宾语补足语,此处要用it作形式宾语。so,much和that均不能作形式宾语。14.His advertisement income this year is about$36 million,over threes times _ of last year.(2010山东省济南市高三第一次模,拟考试)A.that B.what C.those D.ones解析:选A。考查代词的用法。that替代前面的不可数名词advertisement income,其他选项均无此用法。15.This young man is very clever;h

20、e may be _ Edison.(2010潍坊市3月高考模拟考试)A.the one B.the other C.another D.one解析:选C。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:这年轻人非常聪明;他可能成为又一个爱迪生。another表示“又一,再一”。the one这个,表特指;the other表示“(两者中)另外一个”;one一个,表泛指。16.How do you usually keep in touch with your friends,by email or letter?_.I use telephone only.(2010福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)A.None

21、B.Neither C.Any D.Either解析:选B。考查不定代词的用法。分析句子可知,问句是选择疑问句,并且是在两者中进行选择。根据应答的后一分句可知,两,者都不选。17.When I moved to a new community,I found it different from _ I had stayed in before.(2010合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)one B.that C.it D.the one解析:选D。考查代词的用法。句意为:当搬到新社区时,我发现它与我原来待的那个社区不一样。空白处后有一个去掉关系代词that的定语从句,故选择the one。18.B

22、arack Obamas victory is a historic victory and _ that promised change and overcame centuries of prejudice.(2010临沂质检)A.one B.it C.the one D.that解析:选A。考查代词用法。代词“one”替代同类可数名词,作“a historical victory”的同位语。one后跟了由that引导的定语从句。,19.The old man was the only person that died in the car crash._ else was rescued

23、.(2010安徽合肥质检)A.Everyone B.Anyone C.Someone D.None解析:选A。考查代词的辨析。句意为:只有一位老人死于那次汽车碰撞事故中,其他人都被救了。everyone else其他人,其他所有的人;everyone每个人,人人;anyone任何人;someone有人,某人;none一个也没有。20.Could you please buy me an MP4 as well as a digital camera,Mum?You can choose_,not both,my dear.(2010福建毕业班质检)A.each B.any C.either D.none解析:选C。考查代词辨析。句意为:妈妈,你可以给我买一个MP4和一部数码照相机吗?宝贝儿,你只能选择一件,但不能两个全买。题干给出了两件东西(an MP4 as well as a digital camera),故排除any和none;each表示“两个或两个以上中的每一个”,根据句意,也被排除;只有C项either表示“两者中之一”符合语境。,

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