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1、雅思写作模板作文法,By Caren,TASK ONE,1、Evaluation Subscales（评分标准）：TA：Task Achievement（完成度）CC：Cohorence and Cohesion（承接得当）LR：Lexical Resource（词汇量）*LR&GRA要求词汇和句型的多样及全面。GRA：Grammatical Resource and Accuracy（语法&精准度）2、Structure（文章形式）齐头式分段落。（开头不空格，每段空一行）语言要正式，不省略引导词不缩写单词。注意美式、英式单词拼写的统一重视客观。（小作文多为“客观数据报告”，即多使用无灵主语）
2、由Introduction、Body、（Conclusion）组成。在小作文当中一般不写最后一部分，但在大作文中必须加入。,3、题型分类：,给出图形形式：Line Chart（线图）Pie Chart（饼图）Bar Chart（柱形图）Table（表格）Map（地图）Flow Chart（流程图）图形变化特征：Trend（动态）Static data（静态）Mixture（Trend+Static）（混合）Picture（图形）,4、写作结构思路梳理,整体思路：明确文章逻辑（先写什么后写什么）+细化内容写出句子+选用恰当逻辑连接词或短语连接How to write Introduction?M
3、ethod:句子改写（1段）4 factors：Picture（图）：diagram，chart，graphWhen（时间）：in the year/in the year of/since/by the year of/until/fromto/betweenand/over,during the period fromto Where（地点）:in Australia=in the selected/certain countryAustralia.What happened（事件）:participation/involvement/taking part in/join in,Usef
4、ul sentence structures：,The graph shows+名词短语或句子 shows可以换成下列一些词：describe/illustrate/reveal/unfold/compare/summarize/suggest.接下来，(1)Change the structures of sentences（that从句）It is clear from It can be clear seen that(2)+complete sentence（as定从）As the graph shows As is shown by the graph According to th
5、e figure(3)+phrases.give information about.give a summary of.provide an overview of.(4)change the words of sentences,Sample:The graph compares the rates of smoking in some-land men and women from 1960 to 2000.It is clear that the rate of smoking in some-land both men and women made a stable decrease
6、 from 1980.,How to write Body?（23段）,线形图：4 factorsWhen（时间）数据变化趋势变化幅度Sentence structure 主体+show+a/an+adj+n+数据+时间 The number/percentage(of)show an(upward/downward)trend from to 在2004年到2006年间，咖啡的销售量呈现稳定增长的趋势。Eg：Sales of coffee showed a steady increase between 2004 and 2006.主体+V+adv+数据+时间 The number/perc
7、entage(of)+表示上升或下降的动词或短语+betweenandEg：Sales of coffee increased steadily between 2004 and 2006.,There be+a/an+adj+n.+数据+时间There is a+上升或下降的名词形式+in the number of/over the period of1965年到2005年间英国人购物时使用自带购物袋的人数在稳定下降。Eg：There was a steady fall in the number of British households using their own shopping
8、 bags when shopping between 1965 and 2005.sth作主语（适应单一趋势变化）限定修饰词+上升或下降的名词形式+can be found in the number/percentage offromto时间段+witness/experience/undergo+a/an+adj+n+数据(with)+时间The year of 1990 witnesses a+变化趋势名词形式+in the amount of,以“the percentage of international students in a certain university in S
9、ydney”变化趋势为例总结单一趋势图的写法A&BThe percentage of international students in Sydney showed a sharp rise from 10%in 1960 to 25%in 1980.The percentage of international students in Sydney went up slowly by 15%（10%to 25%）from 1960 to 1980.C、D&EThe percentage of international students in Sydney showed a moderate
10、 increase with some drastic fluctuations from 10%to 25%between 1960 and 1980.There was a moderate increase with some slight fluctuations from 10%to 25%during 20 years from 1960 to 1980.There was a moderate decrease with a fluctuation from 25%to 10%during the past 20 years(1960 to 1980).,F>he perce
11、ntage of international students in Sydney stayed at 15%with some fluctuations from 1960 to 1980.The percentage of international students in Sydney kept sdeadily at 20%brtween 1960 and 1980.H&I句型：level off atThe percentage of international students in Sydney went up sharply from 10%during the early f
12、ew years between 1960 and 1970 and it leveled off at 25%until 1980.句型：bottom out atThe percentage of international students in Sydney fell sharply from 25%during the early few years between 1960 and 1970 and it bottomed out at 10%until 1980.,JKL句型：reach a bottom(valley floor)of/atThe percentage of i
13、nternational students in sydney fell a little from 25%between 1960 and 1980 and it reached a bottom at 10%in 1970句型：reach a peak（summit/clim）of/atThe percentage of international students in Sydney went up a little from 10%during 20 years(1960 to 1980)and reached a peak at 25%in 1970.句型：reach a plate
14、au（highland/tableland）of/atThe percentage of international students in Sydney reached a plateau at 25%from 1960 to 1980.,线形图的思路总结：因为趋势是线形图的精髓，因此第一步是描述趋势先单独观察选定首先讨论的线的特征，然后分阶段讨论这一条线由于出线图时很少出现单一一条线，然而之所以出多条线是有“对比”的暗示，因此第三步是对比,饼图,4 factors：主要特征（如：占据最大）第二主要特征（如：占据最小）次要特征（如：较平均占据）特殊项独立成段（总体数据、另外数据）Senten
15、ce structure 主体+占据(v)+%+be+占据(ved)+by+主体%+goes to+某个方面%+of sb+v+sth表占据：occupy,comprise,constitute,account for,make up,take up表最大：biggest，hugest，largest，leading表最大句型：ranks the first place which occupies%表最小句型：ranks the last/final place which occupies%,1、“比较”的方法：“超过”：surpass，outnumber，exceed;“紧跟”：foll
16、ow；“排列”：rank（the first）在这30年间美国跑步的经营者的数量呈现急剧的增长形势，超过了中国的数量。Eg：The amount of runners in US showed a dramatic growth during these 30 years，outnumbering that of China.2、A take the largest amount,followed by B and CA occupied the largest amount with B and C,ranking the second and the third respectively,
17、柱图,有时间因素：数据随时间变化：写法约等于线形图（+同横坐标内数据的比较）时间参与数据比较：如剑6小图2，可以选择大小量对比或者趋势对比，但后者更优无时间因素：对比即可，注意导入数据导入数据的方法：1、介词：with、at、（）、to、by、fromto2、非谓语:，falling/increasing from to、，making up、，accounting for 20%、，amounting to3、定语从句：which falls、which is、which constitutes up、which account for,表示相似的词：Similarly,/likewise,
18、/the pattern is similar for/follow/tell the same pattern表示比较的词However,/in contrast,/in comparison,/on the contrary/while(连词)/by contrast,/compared with/On the other hand提示性的词：For/to/as for/as to/turning to/referring to/in terms of,/in regard to/when it comes tonumber的同义词：data（资料、材料），figure（数字、计算、算数）
19、，statistics（统计学、统计数据），amount（数量、总计），quantity（量、数量），digit（数字）percentage的同义词：percent，proportion，radio，share表达“比例”关系的句型：The radio of A to B is X to Y Eg:The radio of puils to teacher is 30:1.,stay的同义词：stable at，remain，stabilized at表示将来的句型：will do/be likely to/tend to(有某种倾向某种趋势)/be predicted(预言的)to do/b
20、e estimated(估计的)to do/be forecasted(预报预测)to do/be supported to do/be thought to do表示总分结构连接：to be more exact/specitic/precise=more exactly/specifically如何简化：用括号：the ramain part is cut into A(%)and B(%)非谓语：the rest is cut into two items namely A comprising%and B constituting%介词：the rest is divided into
21、 A with%and B with%,分段标准：有时间变化先按时间分段再主次数据模糊化：about、around、nearly、almost、roughly、approximately、a bit over数据准确化：precisely、exactly多于：above、over、slightly more than少于：below、under、slightly less than介词使用的例子：from 1960 at 数据 to 1980 at 数据from 数据 in 1960 to 数据 in 1980表示时间先后（用于在不同时间段内有不同变化趋势的图）Before、after、A f
22、ollowed by B.(A先发生)表示倍数：1、A+谓语部分+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B2、A+谓语部分+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B3、times+more+名词（可数或不可数）+than+被比对象4、times+over+被比对象5、times+compared with+被比对象,流程图首段常用句子,The following diagraph shows the structure ofThe picture illustratesThe whole procedure can be divided intostages.It mainly consists
23、ofIt works as follows.It always involves following steps.,流程图,关于流程图步骤的衔接短语：首先：In the first stage/step、To begain/start with、First of all接着：In the following stage、Afterward、From then on、after that同时：At the same time、meanwhile、simultaneous最后：In the final stage/At last/Finally/Eventually解决流程图的关键：辨明方向分解步
24、骤抓住步骤间的联系句子的多样化：定语从句，非谓语，被动语态,The diagram below shows the process of glass recycling.,范文 1：This diagram illustrates the recycling process of glass bottles.The whole process is a cycle which can be divided into three main stages.In the first stage,used bottles are collected at a recycling point ready
25、 to be transported by a truck.The second stage starts in a cleaning plant,where these recycled bottles are sorted by color into green,brown and clear ones and washed by high-pressurized water.When the cleaning is done,the bottles are conveyed to a glass factory where they are cut into glass pieces w
26、hich are then poured into a furnace.After being heated in the furnace,the broken glasses are melted into liquid,which flows into a glass mold.Here glass liquid from other sources is added and the molding process takes place.In the final stage,new,empty bottles are filled with liquid,then packed and
27、dispatched to the supermarket ready to be picked by consumers.At this point,a cycle has been completed and a new cycle will begin.,表格题,4 factors：找出最大值，最小值，以及一般值进行分析比较，找出近似值和相差很大的数值常用句式1.a is nearly/more thantimes as much/many/large as b.a是b的倍。2.be the same as与相同3.表原因的句子：(1).cause-effect(较常用)：XXX lea
28、d to/bring about/result in/account for，therefore/thus/hence/as a result/consequently/(and)so(2).effect-cause(较常用)XXX be caused by/result from/be the result of/be the effect of/be the consequence of,because it is adj.that it is unimaginable that it is undeniable that it is interesting to discover tha
29、t,Country of Origin of International Students in 2000 and 2005,The table illustrates the number of students from four different countries who attended tertiary institutions in a western country in 2000 and 2005.Overall,the number of international students dropped slightly over this five year period,
30、And in particular there was a significant decrease in numbers from China,although it still remained the largest group.There was a four fold rise in Brazilian student enrollments.In 2000,the number of students who came from China,at 35,000,was more than twice the number of Indian students,at 15,000.S
31、mall numbers came from Japan and Brazil,at 6,000 and 2,000 respectively.In 2005,the proportion of students changed considerably.Chinese student numbers decreased to 22,000,but there was a dramatic increase in the number of Brazilian students,which went from 2,000 to 8,000.Indian student numbers stay
32、ed mostly unchanged,at 16,000 and there was a small decrease in the number of Japanese students,from 6,000 in 2000 to 4,000 in 2005.,Analysis:分时间论述四国,进行比较(横向和纵向),Different Ethnic Groups Making up the Population of Atlantis City over Two Decades,地图题,地图题分两种，一种为地理变迁题，一种为选址题。首先我们来看地理变迁题，它描述的是一个地方（多为一个城镇
33、）在一段时间的发展变化。如2006年9月A 类 TASK 1，剑1TEST 4。就这些图形，我们来总结地理变迁题的写作要点。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。Thecarparkhasbeenremovedandreplacedbyatheatre.城镇A的家庭数量从1937年到2020年将翻一番。ThenumberofhomesinTownAislikelytodouble.(isl
34、ikelyto=ispredictedto/isestimatedto/isprojectedto/isexpectedto)又可为：ItislikelythatthenumberofhomesinTownAwilldouble.(itislikelythat=itispredicted/estimated/projected/expectedthat.),The map below is of the town of Garlsdon.A new supermarket(S)is planned for the town.The map shows two possible sites fo
35、r the supermarket.,细节变化地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节语态地图题用被动语态如：2000年在城镇A新建了一个医院。AnewhospitalwasestablishedinTownAin2000.地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序如2006年9月A类TASK1ThemapshowsthedevelopmentofthevillageofKelsbeybetween1780and2000.,A在B的东方/西方/南方/北方Ais/lies/islocated/issituatedin/on/totheeast/west/south/northofB(in表A在B内部
36、，ON表A和B接壤，TO表A和B分开)A在B内部的某个部位Aisintheeastern/southern/western/northernpartofB.A在B西北部的120千米处。Alies120kmtothenorthwestofB.A在B.角落Aisat/inthesouth-easterncornerofB(at表示A在B外部，in表A在B内部),在河流或道路的南边/北边等Onthesouth/southernsideoftheriverOnbothsidesoftheroadOntheotherside临近马路的地区Theareaadjacentto/near/nextto/jus
37、tofftheroad在道路或河流的最南端AtthesouthernendoftheriverA在B的对面AisontheoppositesideofBAisoppositeBA在B东部的边界上（A在B外部）AisontheeasternborderofBA在B东部边缘上（A在B内部）Aison/alongtheeasternedgeofB,“变化”词汇地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化”词汇必须过关。变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。我们先看图形原有事物的改变：原有事物可说成：Theoriginal/previous/formergarden原有事物尺寸上变大/变小：Th
38、esizeofthelibraryhasbeenenlarged/extended/halved/reducedbyhalf.原有事物在数量上增多或减少：Thenumberofhomeshasincreased/risen/grown/reduced/decreased/dropped/fallen/doubled/tripled/quadrupledto500.,原有事物没了：Thefarmscompletelydisappeared/wereremoved.原有事物被改为：AbecomesBAistransformed/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted
39、/changed/turnedoverto/intoBAisreplaced/substitutedbyB=AgiveswaytoB图形新添事物Anewly-builtroadAnewcarparkwasbuilt/established/setup/constructed/completedandopenedinthemiddleofBAnewITcentrehasbeenaddedtothelibraryTheyear2000sawtwoadditionstotheland:apondinthenorthernpartandavegetablegardenontheoppositeside
40、.,模板句式造句练习,转述以下题目内容1.The charts below show US spending patterns from 1966 to 1996.(pie charts)The pie charts show changes in American spending patterns b/t 1966 to 1996.2.The chart below shows the amount of money per week spent on fast foods in Britain.The bar chart shows how much money was spent on
41、 fast foods per week in the UK over 20 years from 1970 to 1990.3.The following table gives statistics showing the aspects of quality of life in five countries.(in 1982,four aspects)The table illustrates four aspects of life in five countries in 1982.4.The bar chart below shows the number of overseas
42、 students enrolled in a second year Graphic Design course at an Australian college.The bar chart suggests the amount of international students registering Graphic Design course at an Australian university in a second year.,用至少三种句型翻译以下句子：,1.自1980到1995年间，用于谷物种植的土地数量有了逐步的提升。From 1980 to 1995 there was a gradual decrease in the amount of land used for grain cultivation.2.从2004到2006年咖啡的销售量在持续增加。Sales of coffee showed a steady increase between.to.3.从图表中我们可以知道，中国的留学生比例在显著下降。It is clear from the chart,the percentage of international students from China has a dramatic fall.,
