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1、一、名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。（一）主语从句,名词从句,在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。连词：that，whether 连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever等。连接副词：when，where，how，why,1、由连词that，whether引导的主语从句。,连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用it做形式主语。,That they are going to build a mi
2、ddle school is certain.Whether we will go or not remains undecided.It occurred to him that he had forgotten to take his identity card.It wont make much difference whether you leave today or tomorrow.It doesnt seem likely that she will be here.,（1）_ was unimportant.A.Whether he enjoyed our dinner or
3、not B.No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C.If he enjoyed our dinner D.What he enjoyed our dinner(2000年40题）（2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.）地球是圆的，是个事实。,2、由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句,它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语it引导。What we need is more food
4、.Who is the monitor is still a secret.,Who let out the news remained unknown.（It remained unknown who let out the news.）谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。When well start is not clear.（It is not clear when well start.）我们何时出发还不清楚。Where the king was buried is still unknown.Which subject you may take depends on what you a
5、re interested in.,3、以关系代词what,whatever,whoever引导的主语从句。,What有时可以用来表示the thing which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为陈述句的语序。,Whatever books you borrow from the library should be returned in two weeks time.Whoever spits in p
6、ublic will be fined.Whoever fails to see this will make a big mistake.Whatever is said here must be kept secret.,（1）_ I saw was two men crossing the street.A.What B.Whom C.Who D.That(2001年38题）（2）_ was not the way the event happened.A.Which the press reported B.That the press reported C.what did the
7、press report D.What the press reported 1998年24题）,19.he says or does wont make me change my mind at all.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WhichD.How(2006.4),如何选择正确的关系词或连接词来引导主语从句,凡是以that引导的主语从句就属于事实性的主语从句。这些主语从句陈述的是个事实。其特点是可以在从句前加“The fact”。即：,That they are going to build a middle school is certain.The fact that
8、they are going to build a middle school is certain.That a production decision,in fact,depends on the information is clear.The fact that a production decision,in fact,depends on the information is clear.,凡是以whether,when,where,how,why含有疑问词的关系词或连接词引导的主语从句就属于疑问性的主语从句。其特点是这些主语从句前可以加“The question”或“The pr
9、oblem”。即：,Whether we will go or not remains undecided.The question whether we will go or not remains undecided.Who is the monitor is still a secret.The question who is the monitor is still a secret.,以what,whatever,whoever,whomever引导的主语从句不属于上面的两种类型。例如：,What we need is more food.我们需要的是更多的食物。Whoever fa
10、ils to see this will make a big mistake.不论谁不能看到这一点都将犯一个大错误。Whatever books you borrow from the library should be returned in two weeks time.你从图书馆借的任何书两周后都要还回。,4、句型It is desirable（suggested,necessary,requested,ordered,proposed,urgent）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。,（1）Its urgent that a meeting _ before
11、the final decision is made.A.will be arranged B.must be arranged C.be arranged D.would be arranged(2003年45题）（2）It is highly desirable that a new president _ for this university.A.is appointed B.will be appointed C.be appointed D.has been appointed(1997年52题）,（二）表语从句,1、在从句中做表语的从句叫表语从句。它位于主句中的系动词之后，常用的
12、关联词和主语从句相同。What is troubling me is that I dont have much experience in this kind of work.That is why we had to put off the sports meeting.This is what he wants.这就是他想要的东西。The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.问题是我们明天上午能否完成任务。,2、用suggestion等词表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪时，用虚拟语气，从句中用should
13、（可省略）+动词原形。例如：His proposal is that they（should）challenge the other groups to a friendly competition.他提议他们和别的组挑战进行一场友谊竞赛。My suggestion is that the dispute be settled by peaceful means.,（1）The generals command was that the soldiers _ their fort and carry out more important tasks.A.would leave B.leave
14、C.left D.have left（2002年48题）,（三）宾语从句,1、宾语从句用陈述句的语序 Can you tell me _ about the city that makes people love it so much?A.it is what B.what it is C.what is it D.is it what(1999年47题）2.No one doubts _ it is true.A.whether B.if C.that d.what I doubt whether/if我怀疑。I dont doubt that 我毫不怀疑。,2、介词后面的宾语从句,He t
15、alked about what we should do.Your happiness depends upon how little you want and how much you accomplish.,1.The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _ she had gone.A.where that B.of where C.of the place D.the place(1998年48题）2.He was a man of fine character in all po
16、ints _ he was rather timid.A.in that B.except that C.for that D.except for(1997年53题）,3、suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟语气。,His mother insisted that he _ the coat when going out.A.put on B.puts on C.to put D.putting on(1999年58题）,The doctor advised that Mr.Malan _ an operation righ
17、t away so as to save his life.A.had B.would have C.have D.was going to have（1998年28题）,区别：I doubt whether/if和I dont doubt that,I doubt whether/if表示“我怀疑”；I dont doubt that表示“我毫不怀疑”。这两个句型中的关系词不能变。例如：I dont doubt that you will pass the test.我不怀疑你会通过考试。I doubt whether Tom will come to my party.我怀疑汤姆是否会参加
18、我的聚会。,四、同位语从句,That引导的同位语从句常跟在下列名词之后：idea,fact,news,belief,doubt、proof,evidence等。如：,Have you got any proof that he was not at home last night?There can be no doubt that he is qualified for the job.I have no idea that he has quit his job.,22.Evidencecameup_specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyo
19、ungas6monthsold.A.whereB.that C.whichD.what(2005.4),27._ you dont know the rule wont be a sufficient excuse for your failure.A.It is B.That C.Because D.What34.After the war,a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when,36.A modern city has been set up
20、 in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.where47.The information which she was injured in the accident was given by Liz.,22._ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As26.No one here believes the reason _ he gave for his lateness.A.that B.w
21、hy C.for which D.what,28.After the fire,_ would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.A.that B.it C.which D.what 43.There is no doubt _ you will pass the exam this time.You have worked so hard in the past months.A.whether B.that C.if D.what,46.We are all for your proposal that the discussion is to be put off.,
