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1、,1.too to.：“太 而不能”2.not enough to：“做 而不够”3.sothat:“如此.以至于”4.suchthat“如此.以至于”,too to.;not enough to Step 1 利用提示词练说 tooto do 和not enough to do句 子。如：1.The snake/dangerous/hold./The boy not brave The snake is too dangerous to hold.The boy is not brave enough to hold it.tooto do意思是“太 而不能”not enough to do
2、“做 而不够”to do中的do 可否变换形式。在准确理解的基础上继续看图 说话。2.The girl/short/get on the elephant./she/not/tall.3.The elephant/heavy/carry./The boy/not strong.4.The elephant/fat/go through the gate./The gate/not wide.5.The monkey/far away/get the bananas./The bananas/not near.6.The cat/slow/catch the bird./It/cannot ru
3、n/fast.,Step 2 抛砖引玉 板书The snake is too dangerous to hold.The boy is not brave enough to hold it.(改为同义句)The snake is so dangerous that the boy _ hold it.学生在理解的基础上探求答案，在探求答案的过程中获得新知。板书 so that+含有cant/couldnt do的否定句等同于tooto do;not enough to do 同步操练：1.The girl is too short to get on the elephant.(改为同义句)
4、The girl _ to get on the elephant.The girl _that she _ get on the elephant.The elephant _ _ that the girl get on it.The elephant _ enough _ the girl _ get on.The elephant _tall _ the girl _ get on.,is not tall enough,is so short cant,is so tall cant,is not short for,to,is so that,cant,完成句子后求异：与原句比较后
5、发现：由too to do 结构转换为not enough to do 结构时，要找到句中形容词的反义词。与比较后发现：so that+含有cant/couldnt do的否定句结构的句子，若主从句的主语不一致时，改写为too to do 或not enough to do 结构时,要在不定式to do前添for sb，若主从句的主语一致，则不须添for sb。如：He is so young that he cant go to school.(改为同义句)He too young to go to school.He not old enough to go to school.观察、两句
6、可得：在too to do 或not enough to do 的句子中，若to do 的宾语与句子的主语相一致时，须省略it。发散思维：若把句子改为过去时，应该怎么办？1.The girl was too short to get on the elephant.(改为同义句)The elephant was so tall_ that the girl couldnt get on it.2.He ran very fast.He couldnt stop.He ran too fast to stop.He ran so fast that he couldnt stop.(方法是句型转
7、换时要注意时态一致。),Step 3 链接中考 The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.(改写为同一意思的句子)The hole _ such a fat panda to go through.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it.(改写为同一意思的句子)The ice on the lake was not _ enough _ people _.Mr.King is very busy at work.He cant take a h
8、oliday.(改为同义句)Mr.King is _ take a holiday.My grandfather is too old to travel around.(改为同义句)My grandfather is _ old _ he _ travel around any _,is not big enough for,thick for to skate on,too busy to,so that,cant country,Step 4 巩固练习My brother was so clever that he could work out the problem.(改为同义句)My
9、 brother _ work out the problem.The box isnt light enough for him to carry.(改为同义句)The box _ for him _ carry.He is very short.He cant reach the book on the shelf.(合并为一句)He is _ reach the book on the shelf.The water was so dirty.We cant drink it.(改为同义句)The water was too _.The water in this river is ve
10、ry dirty.Fishes cant live in it.The water in this river is _ that fishes _ in it.My brother got up late yesterday.He was late for school.My brother got up _ that he was late for school,is too clever to,is too heavy to,too short to,dirty for us to drink,so dirtycant live,so late,同样的tooto结构，不同样的含义“too
11、形容词/副词动词不定式”结构简称为“too.to”结构，是初中英语中一个十分重要的结构，同时也是中考英语考查的一个十分重要的考点，同学们在学习或复习时应注意以下几点：一、tooto结构表示否定含义表示否定意义，在翻译时，通常可译为“太而不能”、“太无法”。常用的句型有五种。1.“主语（人）+谓语动词+too形容词/副词to do sth.”这个句型是too.to结构最基本的常用句型。主语是动词不定式的执行者，too后接形容词或副词原级，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词，to后接动词原形。如：The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小，不
12、能上学。He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。,2“主语（物）+谓语动词+too形容词/副词+to do”这个句型也是too.to结构最基本的常用句型。主语是动词不定式的承受者，此时用主动式表示被动涵义。在这个句型中，句子的主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉。如：The hat is too large to wear.这帽子太大，没法戴。The tea is too hot to drink.茶太热，不能喝3“主语（物）+谓语动词+too形容词/副词+to be done”，这是“too.to”
13、结构中主语是不定式动作的承受者，动词不定式用被动式，后不能带宾语。如：The tea is too hot to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。,4当句子的主语与动词不定式的逻辑主语不一样时，要用句型“主语+谓语动词+too形容词/副词for sb+to do”，在这个句型中，句子主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉。如果句子的主语是物时，for sb.可以省略，并不会影响句子否定意义的表达。如：这个箱子太重，我搬不动。误：This box is too h
14、eavy for me to carry it.正：This box is too heavy for me to carry.这辆小汽车太贵，他买不起。误：The car is too expensive for him to buy it.正：The car is too expensive for him(to buy).5tooadj.a(an)n.to do/to be done，这个句型在too形容词后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放在形容词后，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词“a/an”。当句子主语是动词不定式的执行者时，用to
15、do主动式，当主语是动词不定式的承受者时，则用to be done被动式。如：Hes too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.As an artist hes too experienced to mind what the critics say.他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。,二、tooto结构表示否定
16、含义时，可以与enough to.结构及so.that.结构相互转换。1将too.to.结构转换为enough to.结构时，要注意：enough 前的形容词或副词应是too后面形容词或副词的反义词；enough to.句式须用否定式；too.to.结构有逻辑主语时，enough to.结构也要加上逻辑主语。如：She is too young to do the work.=She isnt old enough to do the work.The problem is too hard for him to work out.=The problem isnt easy enough f
17、or him to work out.2将too.to.结构转换为so.that.结构时，要注意：so.that.结构是复合句，so后面接too后的形容词或副词，that后面接从句，tooto结构中没有逻辑主语时，that后面从句的主语要用原tooto结构中的主语；too.to.结构有逻辑主语时，逻辑主语就变成that从句的主语。,that后面的从句要用否定形式。如：She is too young to go to school.=She is so young that she cant go to school.The problem is too hard for him to wor
18、k out.=The problem is so hard that he cant work out.三、too.to结构表示肯定意义：1“too.to”结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常、十分、实在、真是太”等。如：I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。We are only too happy to live in China.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.他们很乐意地去做这项工作。Youre never
19、 too old to enjoy a Christmas stocking.你绝对不会老得不能获得圣诞长袜带来的快乐。English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不难学。,2“too.to”结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready,apt,eager,satisfied,inclined,kind,willing,easy,anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。如：Comrade Lei Feng was too read
20、y to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。The old woman is too apt to forget.这位老太太太健忘了。We are too willing to be scientists.我们太想当科学家了。He is too inclined to be cheated.他很容易上当受骗。He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想干这件工作。She is too hard to deal with.她极难相处。I am too eager to have a world travel.我很想有一次环球旅行。Its too kind
21、of you to tell me that.You are very kind to tell me that.你告诉我那件事真是太好了。,3在“too.to”结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为“非常（很，太，那么）不会不（必定能，所以能）”，表示肯定意义。如：He is too kind not to help you.他很善良，不会不帮助你。The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能干好那件事。综上所述，“too.to”结构具有表示否定、肯定两种意义的功能。因此，在遇到“too.to”结构的句子时，必须根据上下
22、文的意思支理解，在特定的环境中，弄通各种成分之间的内在关系，灵活而具体地处理，才能掌握比较准确的意义，死板地将一些特别的语言现象去套某某公式，难免出现认识上的僵化，理解也常会出错，不能达到灵活掌握和运用英语的教学效果。,一、变换下列句型：1、The boy is so young that he cant look after himself.The boy is _ young _ _ after himself.2.a.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.b.The box is _ heavy_ _ _ carry.c.The box is
23、not _ _ for me to carry.3.a.The maths problem isnt easy enough for me to work out.b.The maths problem is _ difficult _ I cant work it out.c.The maths problem is _ difficult _ _ _work out.4.a.The book is interesting enough foreverybody to read.b.The book is _ interesting_ everybody likes to readit,to
24、o to look,too for me to,light enough,so that,too for me,to,so that,二、根据中文意思完成下列句子。1.这箱子太重,我搬不动。The box is _ heavy for me _ _.The box is _ heavy _ I _ carry_。The box is _light_ _ me _ _.2.这屋子太小了，五个人住不下。The room is _ _ _five people cant _ _ _.The room is _ big _ _ five people _ _.The room is _ small _
25、 five people _,too to carry,so that cant it,not enough for to carry,so small that live in it,not enough for to live in,too for to live in,3.这道题太难了，我解不出来。The problem is _ difficult _ _ _ _ out.The problem is not _ _ _ _ _ _ out.The problem is _ hard _ I _ _ _ out.4.玛丽太容易生气了。Mary is _ _ _ get angry.,too for me to work,easy enough for me to work,so that cant work it,easy enough to,
