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1、动词的原形及用法,动词第三人称单数规则,动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同。,1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”stopstops s;makemakes sreadreads z;playplays z,2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，再加“es”读iz flyflies z；carrycarries zstudystudies z;worryworries,3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为iz teachteaches iz;watchwatches iz,4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读z gogoes z d
2、odoes z,1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。The sky is blue.I am a student.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。I get up at six every day.3.表示客观现实。The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。,一般现在时,动词原形涉及到一般现在时,一般现在时的构成,He is a worker.We study English.He gets up at 6:00 every morning.,当主语为第三人称单数时，要在动词后加-s或-es,第三人称,he,she,it,单个人名、地名 John Beijing,不
3、定代词someone,everything,不可数名词 water,milk,单数名词,He is a worker.变为疑问句Is he a worker?We study English.变为疑问句,否定句Do you study English?We dont study English.He gets up at 6:00 every morning.变为疑问句,否定句Does he get up at 6:00 every morning?He does not get up at 6:00 every morning,一般现在时的被动语态,1.The scientist inven
4、ts this machine.变为被动句,This machine is invented by the scientist.,一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词,2.We finish the work during two days.,The work is finished during two days by us.,动词的过去式，过去分词及用法,动词的过去式,动词的过去式变化可分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下,（1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 ed，如：workworked；playplayed；want wanted；actacted,（2）以不发音的 e 结尾
5、动词，动词词尾加 d，如：livelived；hopehopeddecidedecided；,（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed，如：studystudied trytried copycopied carrycarried（4）双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed，如：stopstopped begbegged dropdropped planplanned,不规则动词的过去式须记忆,过去式的用法,表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况。一般过去式通常和表示过去时间的词，词组，从句连用。如 yesterday,last week,two days ago 等,I work
6、ed in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工厂工作。I went to the LianHua Mountain yesterday.昨天我们去了莲花山。,涉及到一般过去式,否定句：He did not play football last week.一般疑问句：Did he play football last week?肯定回答：否定回答：,He played football last week.,主语+did not+动词原形,Did+主语+动词原形,Yes,he did.,No,he didnt.,否定句：He was not ill yesterday
7、.一般疑问句：Was he ill yesterday?肯定回答：否定回答：,He was ill yesterday.,主语+was/were+not,直接把was/were提到句首,Yes,he was.,No,he wasnt.,一般过去式的被动形式,涉及到动词的过去分词,规格变化和不规则变化,1.The scientist invented this machine,This machine was invented by the scientist.,变为被动句,2.We sent him to the hospital immediately after the accident.
8、,变为被动句,He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.,一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词,过去分词又涉及到现在完成时和过去完成时,现在完成时,We have cleaned our classroom.,Our classroom has been cleaned by us.,现在完成时的被动语态：,have/has+V-ed,变为被动句,has/have been V-ed,过去完成时,had+V-ed,We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last year.,变为被动句,2000 English words had been learned(by us)by the end of last year.,过去完成时的被动语态：,had been+V-ed,
