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1、Unit 3 Tomorrows world,be set in a sense of happinessenable sb to do sth thousands of be connected to put forwardin realitybring history alivelast but not least,以为背景 幸福感使某人能做某事成千上万的与相连接提出（观点、议案等）实际上使历史再现最后但同样重要的,be accused of set upclose down leave sb withmake a profitgo on a virtual trip tobe respo
2、nsible formove round sign ones name forfall off,被控告犯有罪建立,竖立关闭，使倒闭给某人留下赚取利润虚拟旅行对负责四处移动给签名从上掉下来;脱落,take the risk of invest inpass onend in failuredraw a conclusion on displaytellfromconcentrate ongo bankrupt voice ones opinions,冒危险投资于传递以失败告终得出结论展览把和区分专注于破产表达某人的看法,在我看来遭遇,偶遇科幻小说讲述和保持(取得)联系被困在以的速度由于的帮助送进
3、发出(气味、热等);用完,耗光;筋疲力尽,in my opinioncome across science fictiontell of keep/get in touch withbe trapped in at a speed ofwith the help of deliver intogive out,be set in a sense of happinessenable sb to do sth thousands of be connected to put forwardin realitybring history alivelast but not least,以为背景 幸
4、福感 使某人能做某事成千上万的与相连接提出（观点、议案等）实际上使历史再现最后但同样重要的,be accused of set upclose down leave sb withmake a profitgo on a virtual trip tobe responsible formove round sign ones name forfall off,被控告犯有罪建立,竖立关闭，使倒闭给某人留下赚取利润虚拟旅行对负责四处移动给签名从上掉下来;脱落,take the risk of invest inpass onend in failuredraw a conclusion on d
5、isplaytellfromconcentrate ongo bankrupt voice ones opinions,冒危险投资于传递以失败告终得出结论展览把和区分专注于破产表达某人的看法,在我看来遭遇,偶遇科幻小说讲述和保持(取得)联系被困在以的速度由于的帮助送进发出(气味、热等);用完,耗光;筋疲力尽,in my opinioncome across science fictiontell of keep/get in touch withbe trapped in at a speed ofwith the help of deliver intogive out,besides pr
6、ep.除以外（还有）ad.还有，此外(一般用于句子之前)典型例句Besidesliterature,wehavetostudyhistoryandphilosophy.除了文学，我们还得学历史和哲学。Itstoolatetogotothefootballmatch now;besides,itsbeginningtosnow.现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了，何况，开始下雪了。,besides与beside的区别作介词时,两词词义有别。beside意为“在.旁边”。besides还可作副词,但beside只作介词。Idliketositbesideyou,youknow.你知道,我愿意坐在你旁边。B
7、esidesknowingsomeGreek,shewasfluentinItalian.她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。,besides与except、but以及except for的区别1）besides意为除.之外(包括后者在内)，通常与other，also等词连用。WhatotherlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?除了英语之外，你还懂什么语言?Besidesbeingwrong,yourproposedactionisalsounwise.你所建议的行动不仅是错误的，而且是很不明智的。,2)except意为除.之外(不包括后者在内)They
8、allwenttosleepexcepttheyoungFrenchman.除那个年轻的法国人外，他们都睡着了。注:在否定句中，当表达不包括后者在内时，也可用besides。Noonepassedexcept/besides Richard.除了理查德外,谁也没有考及格。此外，except后可接从句作宾语，也可接不定式作宾语。当其前的动词是实义动词do及其变化形式时，不定式常省去to。,Hehasntchangedatallexceptthatheisnolongersotalkative.他一点也没有变，只是不像以前那样爱说话了。Shealwaysgoestoschoolbybikeexce
9、ptwhenit rains.除非天下雨，她总是骑自行车上学。Thebearhasnochoiceexcepttoliedownandsleep.熊没有别的选择，只好躺下睡觉。Icouldntdoanythingexceptjustto sitdownandhope.我坐在那儿盼着，简直毫无办法。,3）but与except同义，表示排除，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything，anywhere，nobody等词以后及all，none之后。Everybodywasinvitedtotheeveningpartybut/exceptme.除我之外，所有
10、人都被邀请参加那次晚会。Yesterdayevening,Ihadnothingto dobut/except watchTV.昨晚除了看电视,我无事可做,4）exceptfor意为除去.之外;只是，表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价，然后就其局部提出一点看法，所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。Yourcompositionisquitegoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了有几个拼写错误外，你的文章写得很好。,besides与apart from的区别与besides不同之处，apart from既可表示排除;例外的含义(相当于except)，也可以表示包括;补充
11、的含义(相当于besides)。Thechildrenhardlyseeanyone apartfromtheirparents.除了他们的父母，孩子们很少看见其他人。Apartfrombeingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.除了是有趣和很好的身体锻炼之外，游泳还是一个很有用的技能。,2.impress vt.留下极深的印象impression n.印象，感觉impressive adj.予人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的短语搭配be impressed by/at/with 被深深打动/感动impress sth on/upon
12、sb=impress sb with sth 使某人将某事物铭记在心impress sth in/on ones memory 使某事铭记在某人心中,The book impressed a lot of people.这本书在很多人心中留下深刻印象。I was deeply impressed by his speech.他的演讲给我留下深刻印象。My father impressed on me the value of hard work.我父亲让我铭记勤劳的价值。I impressed on him the importance of his work.=I impressed him
13、 with the importance of his work.我向他强调了他的工作的重要性。,3.announce vt.宣布，宣告announcement n.通告，通知announcer n.播音员make an announcement 通告，通知词语辨析announce更接近于汉语“公布”、“告知”的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事，后接名词或代词或that宾语从句，如：The accident was announced to his family by telephone.已将事故用电话告诉了他的家属。declare含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方
14、所不知道的，除接名词、代词和that宾语从句以外，还可接复合宾语等结构。,如：The accused declared himself to be innocent.被告宣称自己无罪。Soon Germany declared war on France.不久德国对法宣战。以上各句中的announce与declare不可互换。但有时两个词用在同一句中都说得通。如：The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment.委员会宣布了实验的结果。简单地说,同样表示宣布的意思，announce用法较为普遍，declare 只用于正
15、式场合。但有时会有大词小用的情况，即英语里的夸张修辞,这时用declare可代替announce。,4.therefore ad.因此，所以therefore和so的用法比较therefore 在英语中比so更正式化，多用于书面语，是副词，表示“因此，所以”，如：He has never studied English before,and therefore we should give him more help.他以前从来没有学过英语，因此我们应该给他更多帮助。so 是连词，通常用于口语中比较随便的场合，表示“因而，所以”。如：He has never studied English b
16、efore,so we should give him more help.他以前从来没有学过英语，所以我们应该给他更多的帮助。,5.force vt.强迫，迫使 n.力量短语搭配force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事典型例句The porter had to force the window open.门房只好用力硬把窗户打开。Dont force your child to play the piano if he doesnt want to.如果你小孩不想弹钢琴就不要强迫她。,force,power,energy和strength的用法比较force 多指外力，如武力，暴
17、力，魄力,势力，用于复数表示军队。如：The Qing Dynasty was finally overthrown by the people by force.清朝政府最终被人们用武力推翻了。Our forces have at last defeated the enemy.我们的军队最终战胜了敌人。power多指势力、能力、本事；也可指功率、动力、电力等。如：The manager in the company has special power to deal with urgent affairs alone.这家公司的经理有特权独自处理紧急事务。,Nowadays,any peo
18、ple in the world are opposed to the use of nuclear power.如今，世界上许多人反对使用核能。energy 主要指精力，能量，多指自然能量,如natural gas,wind,solar等。如:After their holidays,these students are full of energy to deal with their studies.放假回来后，学生们精力充沛地应对学习任务。strength 主要指力量，强度，尤指身体、精神或道德上的坚强力量或活力，如反抗力、意志力、忍耐性等。如：His granny was badly
19、 ill that she didnt even have the strength to stand up.他的奶奶病得厉害，她连站起来的力气都没有。,单项填空。1.My money is beginning to _ at the end of this month,so I have to ask my parents to give me more.give in B.give out C.give up D.give off2.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguage_French?A.except B.but C.besides D.beside3.W
20、e were most impressed _ her influent English.A.in B.on C.with D.upon,4.A robber with a mask over his face _ her to hand over her necklace and money.A.let B.forced C.forbade D.made5.I decided to put your name _ for basketball club secretary.A.on B.in C.forward D.through6.Pass the book _ to me when yo
21、uve finished with it.A.out B.by C.on D.over 7.It is said that the fingerprints found on the floor will be used to _ the murderer.A.accuse B.blame C.scold D.show,8.Several new events _ the programme in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.added B.were added C.added to D.were added to9.Practising Yoga _ me
22、to become confident and open-minded.A.lets B.forces C.allows D.enables10.How did you find him out?I _ his name by chance on a list.came down B.came about C.came up D.came across,完成译文。（每空限填一个词）1.有人指控这年轻人犯了谋杀罪。The young man _ _ _ murder.2.每个人都应该通过自己的行为为下一代树立榜样。Everybody should _ an _ to the next gener
23、ation via his own behavior.3.最后但同样重要的是我要感谢我的家人一直以来的支持和帮助。Last _ _ least,I want to thank my family for their support and help.,was accused of,set example,but not,4.一到达山顶你就会体验到一种幸福感。_ _ the top of the mountain,a feeling of happiness will be experienced.5.老师通过将学生置身于一场著名的战役使历史再现。Teachers could _ _ _ by
24、placing students in a famous battle.6.由于感到恐惧和寒冷，这位时空旅行者开始回到现在。_ _ _,the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.,Upon reaching,bring history alive,Scared and cold,被动语态 被动语态的构成方式：be+过去分词，口语只也有用get/become+过去分词表示。被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时使用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。1 使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。
25、1)主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)2)短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。The children were taken good care of(by her).Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.,3)当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、re
26、port等时，被动语态有两种形式：（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。如：People say he is a smart boy.It is said that he is a smart boy.He is said to be a smart boy.People know paper was made in China first.It is known that paper was made in China first.Paper was known to be made in China first.类似句型有:I
27、t is said/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thought that,2 不能用被动语态的几种情况。1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。2）有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock、record等。3 主动形式表被动意义。1）当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。The fish smells good.
28、鱼闻起来香。This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。These novels wont sell well.这些小说不畅销。My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。The door wont lock.门锁不上。,2）want,require,need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。3）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。4）在“be+形容词+to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。This kind of water isnt fit to drink.The girl isnt easy to get along with.另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。4 被动语态与系表结构的区别 被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。如：The book was sold by a certain bookstore.The book is well sold.,(被动语态),(系表结构),
