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1、主谓一致,主谓一致是指:,1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。The number of students in our school is 1,700.Mary and Kelly look alike.2)意义上要一致,The crowd were running for their lives.单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、staff、police、cattle等。形复意单的单词有news、works(工厂)、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、politics、economics等。3)就近原则,例如:There is much water in t
2、he thermos.Not onlybut also,Neithernor,Either or,就远原则-谓语动词与前面的主语一致,当主语有with,together with,along with,as well as,combined with,accompanied by,including,rather than,but、except、besides、in addition to等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:教师和一些学生在参观工厂。The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
3、他和我想去划船。He as well as I wants to go boating.,谓语需用单数,1)当主语是国名,机构名,宗教,军队,书籍时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.The Navy accepts people of 18 years or older.2)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如:Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
4、,3)不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,如:Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.4)如果主语有more than one,或many a one and a half构成,从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词用单数形式。More than one student has seen the play.Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.特例“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语用复数。,5)a series of a port
5、ion of a species of a kind of a chain of a piece of a set ofRecently a series of accidents has occurred on highways.6)名词所有格之后的名词被省略作主语时,动词一般用单数。My uncles is not for from here.常见的省略名词有the bakers、the barbers、the Zhangs等。特例表示店铺的名词用作主语时,谓语用复数。如:Richardsons have a lot of old goods to sell.,7)动名词、不定式、从句做主
6、语时Learning English is a hard job.To be successful needs efforts.What we need is more money.,谓语动词一定是复数,1)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。A pair of shoes was on the desk.,谓语动词一定是复数
7、,2)如果主语由“the+形容词(或分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。指人如表抽象的也可以用单数,如the unknown、the beautiful等。3)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。The crowd were running for their lives.单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、staff、cattle等。,谓语的单复数视情况而定,1)代词what,who,none,some,any,more,mos
8、t,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如:All is right.All are present.2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee、police等例如:His family isnt very large.His family are music lovers.提醒集合名词people,police,staff,cattle等在任何情况下都用复数形式。,3)单复数同形原本单数形式的A sheep is over there.Some sheep are ov
9、er there.Chinese、Japanese 原本复数形式的单、复数同形means、works、species,4)并列结构作主语时,Reading and writing are very important.The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor is asked to make a speech at the meeting.注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示单一的概念,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。Truth
10、and honesty is the best policy.To love and to be loved is the great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.When and where has not yet been decided.,5)“分数或百分数+名词”由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,half of,part of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致如:Lots of damage was caused by flood.A number of students have gone to the countryside.,特别注意:,Each,one of,