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1、,第一讲,名 词Noun,普通名词,专有名词（人名、地名）,可数名词,不可数名词,名词,考点一 名词的分类,名词单数的表达 一般可用a，an，one来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book*an English book*an hour,flower,flowers,找规律,总结规则,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf-leaves,box,es,NOUN.,名词的复数形式 1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dog dogs*book books(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/*
2、box boxes*watch watches,(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/*country countries*factory factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boy boys holiday-holidays*monkey monkeys,(4)以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es”/vz/*half halves*shelf shelves*knife knives*leaf leaves,要点考点聚焦,找规律,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,NOUN.,英雄想吃马铃薯和西红柿,pia
3、nos,(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外*piano pianos*zoo zoos potato potatoes tomato tomatoes,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形Chinese Chinese fish fish Japanese Japanese sheepsheep(2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth teeth foot feet,(3).变man为 men man men woman women policeman p
4、olicemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人)Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面),(4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*My clothes are newer than yours.,3.可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of,a lot of，some等修饰*There are a few people in the park.*How many
5、 knives are there in your pencil-box?,1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are talking about_.Awoman;children Bwoman;child Cwomen;children2.There are three in my family.A.people B.person C.child3.Some _ came to our school for a visit that day.A.Germans B.Germen C.Germany D.Germanies,C,A,A,
6、4.In the picture there are many_ and two_.A.sheeps;knifes B.sheeps;knife C.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife 5.There are four_and two_in the group.A.Japanese，Germen B.Japaneses，Germen C.Japanese，German D.Japanese，Germans,D,C,不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat 等。work chalk time space music money w
7、eather homework wood information news medicine,1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*Some bread is over there.*No news is good news.,2.不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,lots of,some,any等修饰*They had much money.*He does little housework at home.*a rice(X)two bread(X),3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单
8、位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变*a bag of apples*a piece of paper*three glasses of orange,4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃)a glass(玻璃杯)work(工作)a work(著作)time(时间)times(次数),1.Please give me _ paper.A.one B.a pieces C.a pieceD.a piece of2.This table is made of_.A.many glass B.some glasse
9、s C.glasses D.glass3.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two_.A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks4.We can do the work better with_money and _ people.A.less,fewer B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few,few,D,D,C,A,名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s”Kangka
10、ngs father Lucys book 2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可 Teachers office The Greens house,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*Children s Day*men s shoes 4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语*the color of the wall*a picture of the classroom,1.June 1st is _Day.All the Children enjoy it very much.A.Children B.Childrens C.Childrens D.
11、Child2.The two bedroom are the _.A.twins B.twins C.twins D.twins,C,C,重难点突破,小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因Our hospital needs two_doctors,Mrs.Li.You can ask your son to have a try.A.women B.man C.woman D.men,D,名词的用法 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*There are three banana trees over there.2.man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*We need a ma
12、n teacher.*They are all women workers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*a sports star*a clothes shop,2.This pair of shorts_too expensive.I cant afford_.are,them B.are,itC.is,them D.is,it,重难点突破,C,当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。This pair of shoes is nice.比较：The shoes are nice.Here are two pieces of news.比
13、较：The news is wonderful.,3.The model plane was made by a _ boy.A.ten-years-old B.ten-year-older C.ten-year-old D.ten-year old,重难点突破,C,5.Where is Tom?-He has gone to the _.A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers,重难点突破,D,名词所有格的几个注意点 可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*my aunts(home）(我姑姑家）*go to the teachers(offi
14、ce）(去老师办公室）,6.Lucy is _ sister.A.Mary and Jack B.Marys and Jacks C.Mary and Jacks D.Mary and Jacks,重难点突破,D,8.Its _from our school to my home.A.ten minutes walk B.ten minutes walkC.ten minute walk D.ten minutes walk,重难点突破,A,名词所有格（s）也可以用于无生命的东西，主要用于时间，度量衡等名词之后two months vacation a miles distance此表达可以和
15、合成形容词互换two months vacation=two-month vacation,1.Could you please get me some _?Im hungry.（2011年重庆中考第24题）A.appleB.water C.bread D.egg2.Something is wrong with my_.I cant see anything around me.（2010年重庆中考第22题）A.nose B.ears C.eyes D.mouth3.Mr.White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it.（2009年重庆中考第23
16、题）A.flowers B.grass C.villages D.water,直击中考,C,C,A,4.-How far is your cousins home from here?-Its about two _ drive.（2009年重庆中考第34题）A.hours B.hours C.hours D.hour5.Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday.He is my favorite _（2008年重庆中考第25题）A.worker B.teacher C.dancer D.player,直击中考,C,D,6.All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday.（2007年重庆中考第24题）Aman B.men C.woman D.women,直击中考,D,考 点四 名词的句法功能,Sum up,What have you learnt this lesson?,Thank you!,
