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1、英语国际音标,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。7.开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shine b)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map b)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,o
2、n,up,out,ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,1.音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其 上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中2.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一 样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。3.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，
3、没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。,音标的书写,元音音标学习,元音概述：元音是有噪音的语音。形成元音时，声带振动，气流经由咽腔和口腔逸出时，不受到任何阻碍，没有可以听得到的摩擦声。英语里共有20个元音（单元音1个，双元音个）。元音之间的差异，是由发音时各发音器官所采取的不同位置形成的。所谓“不同位置”，指的是舌头的高低与前后，牙床的开合程度，以及唇形的大小和圆扁。但其中决定的因素是舌头的位置：舌头是在口腔的前部、中部或者后部，决定所发的音是前元音、中元音还是后元音；舌身隆起的高度以及舌的哪一部分隆起最高，决定发出的元音是开口元音、半开元音、合口元音、还是半合元音。牙床开合的程度是由舌位的高低所决
4、定的，而双唇的圆扁和大小对形成不同的元音也有相当的影响。因此，描述一个元音的发音部位，主要是描述它的舌位和唇形。,元音音标学习,Lesson 1,元音i:i:学习,元音i:I:学习,i:发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee e:me be she he we evening ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pi
5、g star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay i:pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e:begin behind jacket basketball y:happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy ey:monkey money ay:Sunday Saturday Friday 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofa sit kick
6、lip 2.ink gift jam ship 3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly,:发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or er:her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear:early learn or:word work world根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2.bank king
7、 her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term,发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e ure:picture er:teacher brother dinner father sister ar:sugar or:doctor a:panda about above camera sofa China根据发音规则，找出发的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mother sofa road smile 2.sit father sister food 3.hair deer tiger China 4.suga
8、r soon ear leader,Lesson 2,音标:u:u学习,音标:u:u学习,:发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor a:water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall or:horse corn fork or short oor:floor door根据发音规则，找出发:的1个单词写在后面的横线上。1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare 3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk,发这个音的字母和字母组合o a o:fox coffee
9、dog shop dog doctor long a:watch 根据发音规则，找出发:的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog 3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl,u:发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui o:do who whose oo:food moon too ui:fruit juice u:ruler rude 根据发音规则，找出不发u:的单词。1.juice moon zoo panda 2.tooth broom eye spoon
10、3.head boot noodles pool 4.noon cool boot watch,u发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o:woman wolf oo:look good book foot wood u:bull bullet根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。1.mouth book look pull 2.push tape sugar foot 3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name,四.写出单词或音标。bru:m d:sit b:d fut wi:dg sist look do water good t
11、oo foot clock first work sister doctor sea五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hotblu:footballhuk blueki:s hookfutb:l kissht,Lesson 3,音标a:e 练习,音标a:e 练习,a:发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear a:grass glass class plant dance fast father last ar:car star arm March garden dark scarf au:laugh aunt ear:heart根据发音规则，圈出发a:的2个单词。1.arm lip
12、doctor card 2.cloud cart garden gate 3.ball scarf dark tiger 4.job lorry March park,发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou o:son come colour love money u:sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us ou:touch cousin country根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。1.hear cup bed air 2.voice boy duck ant 3.vase corn bear gun 4.cute boy money her,发这个音
13、的字母和字母组合a a:dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e:egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea:bread head breakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发e的单词。1.cat well leg p
14、en 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy,音标a:e 练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。a:：e：_二选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.car arm food garden()2.true jump bus cut()3.bag short map flag()4.egg pen head small()5.got clock bell dog()6.rabbit book wood foot()7.rat bat apple ten()8.gun star duck moneg三.写出单词或音标。p
15、a:st ru:m swet sit ft gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star head,四.选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（）里画,有两种读音的画,有三种的画()1.hat fast cook last()2.jeep door sun gum()3.dad cap hand map()4.star car cut from()5.skirt sheep bird her 五.改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词 like_(交通工具)hat _(动物)lake _(食品)nice _(数字)hot _(用品)well _(用品),Less
16、on 4,元音音标ei ai i au练习,音标ei ai i au练习,ei 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay a:cake make name game snake gate lazy ai:rain train wait ay:day May play taday way 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train,ai 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy i:kite bike nic
17、e tiger write knife y:by cry fly my sky try why ie:tie pie uy:buy根据发音规则，找出每组中发ai的2个单词.1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write small tennis kite,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy oi:oil boil coin oy:boy toy根据发音规则，找出每组中发i的2个单词.1.soil hear soy cold 2.rabbit bed boy noise 3.walk
18、voise boil word 4.tea enjoy toy milk,au 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow ou:house mouse mouth trousers ow:flower cow how now down根据发音规则，选出不发au的单词。1mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth 3.town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby,音标ei ai i au练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。ei：ai：i：au：_ 二.选出下列没有发相同发音的词()1.cake egg
19、 rain May()2.kite cry broom fly()3.boy joy cat noise()4.blouse sun cow house()5.tower flower mouth arm三.读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。klaud set kin kr:s c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s flg trein desk smail f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _leAa Kk Ii Yy hi boy cow nowtoy bike house mycake face how nice,四.把下列单词下正确的音标连接起
20、来 bow bau gate pai tray geit pie trei poison pizn五.看图、填空、标号h_t s_n e_ _s_ r r_l_ _ c_k_ m_ _th,Lesson 5,元音音标u i e u的练习,音标u i e u的练习,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow o:nose rose poen over oa:boat coat soap goat ow:show window snow bowl 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的2个单词。1coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3.your wh
21、ite row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear:ear hear tear eer:deer beer根据发音规则，圈出每组中发i的1个单词。1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4.ring king here three,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear air:hair chair pair ear:pear bear wear根据发音规则，圈出每组中发e的1个单词。1.bear idea pineappl
22、e tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4.ring king hare three,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure oor:poor our:tour ure:sure pure根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的1个单词。1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower air 4.voice king pure engineer,音标u i e u的练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。u：i：e：u：_ 二
23、.选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.mouth coat goat window()2.dear beer cake teacher()3.pair boy air hare()4.poor tour Europe cry()5.boat bike side fly三.写出单词或音标。nuz said i kau pe pu bt wu:d go ear photo deer near nose hear五.把下列单词与音标用线连起来。ruz theater it rose skwe tour tu square pleisiz places,Practice,辅音爆破音：ptk bdg摩擦音
24、：f v s z 破擦音：tr dr ts dz t d3 鼻辅音：m n 舌侧音：1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之 间的音 w j3 h r,Lesson 6,辅音音标p b t d练习,辅音音标p b t d练习,p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p:piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp:apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发p的单词。1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3
25、.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truck,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b:book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规则，圈出发b的2个单词。1.cab gift beach love 2.pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress baby,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t:table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt:butter matt
26、er根据发音规则，圈出没有发t的1个单词。1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d:duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed:smiled opened played根据发音规则，圈出没有发d的1个单词。1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape,音标p b t d练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。p：b：t：d：_ 二.选出下列没有相同发音的词(
27、)1.pear ship coat pig()2.taxi bean cab cabbage()3.hat sea ticket wallet()4.seed dance hand full()5.pick pen sit pineapple()6.cold find door chair()7.cloth purple pool push()8.eat fan quiet set三.写出单词或音标。pnd kt di:p klaud apple pear rabbit read四.改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。short_(衣物)sea_（感官动词）pet _(蔬菜)ten_(
28、动物),Lesson 7,辅音音标k g s z学习,辅音音标k g s z学习,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c:cap cook cup car can class k:cook milk key desk kite cake ck:clock sock cock neck从下列单词中找出一个发sk的单词。1.cake car desk neck 2.mask rock ink clock 3.disk truck silk duck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g:glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg:egg 根据发音规则，圈出发g的
29、单词。gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s:star sun snake sea see c:pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss:grass glass class boss ce:face race rice nice根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发s的单词。1.whose juice lick student 2.those case scarf shoes 3.spac
30、e nose science meat 4.tears piece bus nose,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z:zero zebra zoo s:bags photos sisters se:nose rose根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发z的单词。1.zoo freeze lick case 2.game play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4.tears peanut eagle zero,音标k g s z的练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。k：g：s：z：_ 二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.car stay neck clo
31、ck()2.gas give drive bag()3.sea boss rice cook()4.lick zoo rose zero()5.tears freeze desk busy三.写出单词或音标。rais nuz sneik gra:s _ _ _ _ glf gla:s kk ki:_ _ _ _ leg cake rice mouse _ _ _ _ nose bag get kite_ _ _ _,四.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks gigl giggle gust ghost sks face ti:z cheese feis五.根据翻译提示。（1）Daisy i
32、s the desk on dancing Miss._Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞。（2）name sneik is My._我的名字叫做蛇。（3）a bi:Im busy._我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。,Lesson 8,辅音音标 3 t d3练习,辅音音标 3 t d3练习,发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s:sugar sure sh:ship sheep wash cash shop she根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的2个单词。1.shell ship watch desk 2.truck shirt skirt ship 3.brush carrat sheep sleep 4.
33、hero shape street shelf,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s s:television,usually,Asia measure a garage,an unusual collision;a great decision;my pleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发3的2个单词。1.shell ship garage desk 2.truck shirt pleasure ship 3.brush casual sheep sleep 4.hero shape leisure shelf,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch:teacher peach che
34、rry chair tch:watch match 根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发t的单词，并抄下来。chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catch,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g:ginger giraffe j:jump job jam ge:orange cabbage cage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发d3的单词。egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orange
35、 drug jeans gun,音标 3 t d3练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。：3：t：d3：_ 二.选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shell watch ship see()2.shell pleasure sick treasure()3.chair China Monkey dream()4.job gift door cabbage()5.grass chick start jeans三.写出单词或音标。d3m pi:t ip w _ _ _ _ fish sheep she catch _ _ _ _ peach chick shoes watch_ _ _ _,Lesson
36、 9,音标f v 的练习,音标f v 的练习,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f:five fan flower fish four leaf ff:giraffe ph:phone elephant photo gh:laugh选出下列单词中不发f的单词，写在横线上。knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf,independent,独立自主,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v:video vase vest ve:five love violin根据发音规则,在不发v的单词上打 violin move
37、 vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th:three thin third teeth mouth根据发音规则，圈出不发的单词。1father three maths thirsty 2.mouth throat Thursday brother 3.think thirsty mother thousand 4.thin thick they teeth,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th:father mother brother clothes weather根据发音规则，圈出
38、每组中发 的1个单词。1than sister brother three 2.weather thank night good 3.tie look teeth they 4.thin father throat watch,音标f v 的练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。f：v：_ 二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.foot knife pick fish()2.window move vote vase()3.three fan thousand thin()4.father them brother watch()5.finish van fool fat三.写出单词或音标。br k
39、eid3 vest he kk ti:zi:p la:f five seven foot fat mouth thirty three father四.选出下列每题中有几种读音。A.一种 B.二种 C.三种 D.四种()1.foot room leaf vase()2.vest five like love()3.ship pea pick hike()4.thumb cut brother mother()5.they thin maths mouth,Lesson 10,辅音音标tsdz tr dr的练习,音标tsdz tr dr的练习,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts:s
40、eats goats coats cats pets eats tes:gates kites dates tastes 根据发音规则，找出发ts的4个单词写在后面的横线上。sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids,dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds:seeds woods friends birds beds des:rides 根据发音规则，找出发dz的5个单词写在后面的横线上。coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats
41、 horse sands gates,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr:tree truck trousers strawberry trick根据发音规则，找出没有发tr的3个单词写在后面的横线上。seats truck train trash tractor drink street drug trousers,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr:draw drink driver dragon dry 根据发音规则，找出每组中发dr的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.dream duck dress rain 2.rat drain drug door 3.tree treas
42、ure drawer drink 4.truck dragon dish drum,一.抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。ts：dz：tr：dr：_ 二.选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。()()1.dream shoes drink popcorn()()2.truck thirsty bath trash()()3.beds pets words gates()()4.birds boots rats friends()()5.drug drain rain dish三.写出单词或音标。draiv train wuds kaits tr dr:guts frendz hats its hands
43、 shirts beds birds heads tree dress try cats carrots四.把下列单词和音标用线连起来。kuts trousers si:dz coats tr seeds draiv trash trauzz driver,音标tsdz tr dr的练习,Lesson 11,辅音音标hrlm的练习,辅音音标hrlm的练习,h发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh h:he her head heart hair ham wh:who whose 根据发音规则，把下列单词中不发h的找出来。1.ham hat white()2.horse whale who()3.wh
44、eat hole hair(),r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r:rice room ride road rose rr:mirror carrot parrot wr:write wrong wrap根据发音规则，选出发r的单词，打。1.bread driver wrong rain worker 2.river father robot rope sister 3.write fruit rabbit crown drum,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l:look light lock lucky lion tail ll:ball pull dollar tell
45、根据发音规则，选出每组中不发l的单词。1.lamp nail flag woman()2.yellow fruit lion lychee()3.grape bull laugh lake()4.dumpling moon wheel whale(),m 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m:mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb:climb comb thumb,音标hrlm的练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。h：r：l：m：_ 二.写出单词或音标。hed rait lait teil ku:l ri mu:nhm heart hair horse r
46、oom school late like ball laugh noodle home ham三.把下列单词用线连接起来。parrotprt heartlk lockha:t dollarklaim climbd l 四.读下列单词，选出发r音的单词，并写在下面的横线上。white hair wrong drum father lion rabbit laugh whale drivecombmirror swim 五.将下列单词连成句子，并将音标部分写成单词。(1)hear riv I can the(2)Lilly to and laugh little krai loves,Lesson
47、 12,音标n w j的练习,音标n w j的练习,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gnn:nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane downkn:knee knife knock gn:sign 根据发音规则，找出发n的单词并抄下来。1.mirror wheel yes knock 2.mall hen laugh nut 3.earrings plane wing bread,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ngn:ink bank tank fingerng:sing hang song king reading running 根据发音规
48、则，从下列每组中找出2个发的单词。1net ring finger meat 2.tennis mouth song swing 3.dumpling wing run nail 4.hang swim ink note,w发这个音的字母和字母组合w:winter window watch water well would wh:white where which when why wheel whale根据发音规则，选出每组中不发w音的1个单词。1.wood write wheel which2.wheat snow wet woman3.white window now why4.whal
49、e water watch row,j发这个音的字母和字母组合yy:yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your根据发音规则，找出发j的单词写在下面横线上。cry you your sky yellow lorry money jelly toy boy yogurt soy,音标n w j的练习一抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。n：w：j：_ 二.写出单词或音标。nais wt w:t bk ri ja:d jip net bank think nose rain swing king wet where what yard yes your三.把下列单词用线连起来。knee h h
50、ang ni:yolk juk whale ik ink weil四.在下列单词中找出发n音的单词并抄下来。knock bread mirror bank nut ink plane neck row sky noodle nose boys cry water knee park he五.看图，根据下列所给音标填单词。,m fn maus pi:t _ _ _ _,Lesson 13语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。3、
