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1、,欢迎来到冬瓜老师课堂,Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。,Part 1在非真实条件状语从句中 If,。1.与现在事实相反：If+主语+_,主语+_ _.If I _ time now,I _ with you.(have,go),had,would go,did/were,would/should/could/,might do,2.与过去事实相反：If+主语+_,主语+_.If I _ hard,I _ in the exam.(not study,fail),had not studied
2、,would have failed,had done,would/should/could,/might have done,3.与将来事实相反：If 主语+,主语+_ sth.1.If I _ live long enough to have a job,I _ to be a doctor,helping these AIDS patients.(choose)2.If there _ another flood,he _ his mistake.(realize),did/wereshould dowere to do,would/should/could/might do,were
3、to/should,would choose,should be,might realize,用法归纳:,虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,主从 句,构 成,时态,虚拟条件 从句(if),主 句,与现在事实相反的 假设,与过去事实相反的 假设,If+主语+did(be用 were),主语+would/should/could/might+do,If+主语+had done,主语+would/should/could/might have done,主从 句,构 成,虚拟条件从句(if),主 句,与将来情况相反的 假设,If+主语+did If+主语+were to do If+主语+should
4、 do,主语+would/should/could/might do,时态,Fill in the blanks with proper forms:1.If I _(have)more time,I_(learn)another foreign language.2.If he _(be)here now,he_(show)us how to perform the experiment.3.If I _(receive)your e mail then,I _ it.(answer),had,would learn,were,would show,had received,would ha
5、ve answered,Practice,5.If I _(tell)him tonight,he _(be)greatly surprised.6.I _(ask)him to ring you up if I _(see)him.7.If you _(get)back next week,we _(go)camping together.,told/were to tell/should tell,would be,would ask,saw/should see/were to see,got/should get/were to tell,would go,1.错综时间条件句,If y
6、ou had listened to me,you wouldnt be in such trouble now.If the doctor had come in time,Amy would still be alive.If he had received six more votes,he would be our chairman now.,几种特殊情况,2.If 可能被省略,从句要倒装,Were she in charge(=If she were in charge),she would do things differently.Had I known your address
7、(=If I had known your address),I would have written before.Should you change your mind(=If you should change your mind),no one would blame you.,3.不含条件从句,但有条件假设意义,Without your help,I couldnt have achieved all this.(If it hadnt been for your help)2.But for his pension,he would starve.(If it were not f
8、or his pension),1Without examinations，students today _(live)a much happier life.2.I was busy yesterday,or/otherwise I _(come)to help you.3.He_(succeed),but he was too careless.Note:有时不用条件状语从句,而用介词短语,or,otherwise 或but 引导的并列句等来表示某种假设的情况,叫做含蓄条件句。,would live,would have come,could have succeeded,1 If he
9、had not lost his money,he _ the piano last week.A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought2 If we were to be 200 years old,we _ everything.A will change B can change C could change D changed3 If you _ that film last night,you would not be so sleepy now.A didnt see B havent seen C wouldnt
10、seen D hadnt seen,4 You are late.If you _ a little minutes earlier,you _ him.A came,would meet B had come,would have met 5 But for the storm,we _ a pleasant journey.A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 _ earlier,I could have done something.A Have I been informed B Had I been inf
11、ormed C I had been informed,7 _ to do the work,I should do it some other day.A If were I B I were C Were I D Was I8 Without the computer,the problem _ in such a short time.A couldnt be solved B wouldnt have solved C couldnt have been solved 9 Without electricity,human life _ quite different today.A
12、will be B would be C is,Wish,In Subjunctive mood,Part2,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I were a butterfly.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish I hadnteaten so much watermelon.,1)as if/as though,as if/as though+past subjunctive,Part 3,He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.
13、,在 command,order,require,demand,request,insist,propose,suggest等动词后面的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用(should)+动词原形We suggest that we(should)have a meeting.We insisted that they(should)go with us.,记住：insist/suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should+do;Insist 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式
14、。Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。,1.He suggested that we _ it at once.(do)2.His pale face suggested that he _ ill.(be)3.We insisted that the meeting _ off.(put)4.Mike insisted that he _ nothing.(steal),should do,was,should be put,stole,虚拟语气用于表语从句，同位语从句中。名词advice,order,demand,proposal,command,requirement,in
15、sistence,suggestion,request等的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的构成是(should)+动词原形We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing for our summer vocation.,.在主语从句中，谓语动词可以用虚拟语气表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等主观的情感,其谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。1.It is important that we(should)clean the room every day.(necessary,natural,strange
16、,etc.)2.It is a pity that you(should)be so careless.(a shame,no wonder,etc.)3.It is suggested that Miss Liu(should)give a performance at the party.(decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc),It is(high)time that did/should do（should不可省）It is time that we left school.would rather that did/had doneI woul
17、d rather Tom played with me.-Can I smoke here?-Id rather you didnt.,I would rather he painted it blue.I would rather you had gone there.,.If only 意为：若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好If only I had arrived in time!If only she didnt drive so fast.,If only I were a bird.If only I had taken his advice,1.If it _(rai
18、n)tomorrow,we _(not go out).2._(be)I in good health,I _(go)with you tomorrow.,rained/should rain/were to rain,should not go out,Were,would/should/could/might go,EXERCISE,1.I wish I _(meet)him yesterday.2.He is not a pilot,but he wishes he_(be).3.He ordered the work _(start)at once.4.Id rather you _(stay)at home all day today.,were,had met,(should)be started,stayed,
