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1、folk:n.人们，家人(pl.)，双亲(pl.)；大伙儿(pl.)；adj.民间的，通俗的 folk dance 民族舞蹈，土风舞 folk music 民间音乐 folk singer 民歌手，民谣歌手 folk song 民歌，民谣Some folk/folks are too shy to speak in front of people.I am going home to see my folks.我打算回家看望我的父母。Well,folks,shall we go out this afternoon?唔,各位,今天下午我们出去吗?young folk/fisher folk/f
2、arming folk年轻人/渔民/农民,match:n.对手；火柴；比赛；相似/相配之物 v.相配；和.相配；相一致；较量 a box of matches strike a match a basketball matchThe blue shirt and gray tie are a good match.蓝衬衫和灰色领带很相称。That shirt is a perfect match for your blue skirt.That shirt and your blue skirt are a perfect match.那件衬衫和你的蓝裙子完全相配。,Im ready to m
3、atch my strength against yours.我已经准备好与你较量力气。The carpets should match the curtains.Your tie should match your shirt.你的领带要与衬衫相配。The two pieces of furniture dont match.那两件家具不搭配。You cant match him in knowledge of wild plants.在对野生植物的了解方面,你无法与他相比。No one can match Holden when it comes to winning an argumen
4、t.Match the animal pictures to the correct sounds.把动物图片与正确的声音相配对。,match 和相匹配；和相称 suit 指花色，款式，口味，性格，条件，时间、地位等适合 fit 大小形状适合 eg.Roses clothes and hat dont match.罗丝的衣服和帽子不协调。eg.Does the time suit you?这个时间对你合适吗？eg.The new shoes fit me well.这双鞋我穿着合适。,roll v 打滚，转动，使摇摆eg.The donkey rolled on the ground n 卷，
5、卷轴 a roll of一卷roll over 打滚，翻身 roll in 滚滚而来The waves rolled in to the beach.波浪滚滚涌上海滩。She is rolling in money.她非常有钱。roll up 卷起;到达；出现 Rolling up his trousers,he worked with the others in the fields.We rolled up to the front porch.我们坐车抵达前门廊。roll by 逝去，流逝The years rolled by.岁月流逝。,dream of=dream about 梦想；
6、梦见；设想eg.When she was a little girl,she dream of becoming a dancer.dream that 梦想;梦见 dream a dream 做了的梦 dream sth away 虚度（时间）；梦一样的过日子 dream sth up 凭空想出；虚拟出 ones dream has come true.=one has realized his/her dream.某人梦想成真。eg.I never dreamed that I would see you again.我没有想到会再次见到你。单词拓展：dreamer n 梦想家，空想家 d
7、reamland n 梦境，幻想世界dreamless adj 无梦的 dreamlike adj 如梦的，梦幻的,pretend v 自诩，自认为（常用于否定句和疑问句中）eg.I dont pretend that I know much about the subject.我不认为我对这个主题很了解。假装 that clause 假装 to do sth 假装做某事Pretend+to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 to have done sth 假装已经做了某事 sth 假装eg.Several young men pretended to be policemen,bu
8、t were caught at last.几个年轻人假装是警察，最后被抓了。eg.When I came in,he pretended to be typing.我进来时他假装正在打字。eg.My parents pretend not to have known the result yet.我父母假装还不知道结果。类似用法：seem/appear/happen,to be honest 说实在的，坦白的说（用作插入语，多用于句首）be honest with sb 对某人说实话 be honest about sth 对某事持诚实的态度 be honest in doing sth 在
9、做某事方面诚实eg.Im quite honest with you.我对你说的是实话.You should be honest about why you want the money.你应该坦率地说为什么要这些钱。插入语：to be frank 坦白的说=frankly speaking to be frank with you 对你说实话 to tell you the truth 说实话=to be honest/honestly speaking generally speaking 一般来说,attach to sth.认为有（重要性，责任等）importance 认为重要 sig
10、nificance to sth 认为有意义 attach value 认为有价值 weight 认为有分量We should attach importance to reading comprehension.我们必须重视阅读理解。You should attach importance to what he said.你必须重视他所说的话.附上，贴上，系上attach sth to sth 把某物固定在或附在某物上He attached labels to his luggage.Attach a stamp to the envelop and mail it.The flag is
11、attached to a pole.He attached his signature to the contract.他在合同书上签字。,be attached to附属于；喜欢；迷恋This institute is attached to the University of Texas.这个研究所附属于德州大学。The hospital is attached to that university.I am attached to spoken English.attach oneself to 和在一起，缠着He attached himself to me at the party
12、 and I couldnt get rid of him.在聚会上他总是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。He attached himself to the university where he worked nearly thirty years.他对那所大学依依不舍,因为他在那里工作了差不多30年。attach to sb/sth 与某人/某事物有关联 No blame attaches to him for the accident.此次意外不应怪罪于他。,form vt.vi.形成，构成；养成，想出，培养 n.形状，外形；表格 form the habit of 养成的习惯 fill(i
13、n)the form 填表格 in the form of 以的形式 in(good)form 情况良好,健康状况良好 in(bad)form 情况不好 be out of form 处于不良状态 take the form of 采取的形式，以的形式呈现单词拓展：formal adj 正式的，形式的 informal adj 非正式的formally adv 形式地，正式地 formless adj 无规定形式的former adj 以前的，前者的 latter n.adj.后者,earn vt.挣钱；获得，赢得,博得earnings n.薪水，工资earn money=make money
14、 挣钱earn ones/a living=make ones/a living 谋生Edison earned his living by selling newspapers when he was young.She earns a good salary.His achievements earned respect and admiration for him.他的成就使他受人尊敬和钦佩。His fair dealing earned our confidence.他待人公正,赢得了我们的信任。,medical instruments 医疗仪器 musical instruments
15、 乐器perform vt.vi.上演，扮演；完成，做，履行，实行；运转，表现正常功能performance n.上演，实行，履行；成果，成绩performer n.表演者，演奏者，行为者 perform a part in a play 在剧中扮演角色 perform ones promise 履行诺言 perform ones duty 尽职责 perform an operation 做手术 perform an experiment 做实验give/put on a performance 举行一场演出 Most students performed very poorly even
16、though they had taken the test before.尽管他们参加过这个测试，大多数学生还是考的很差。,The pianist gave a fine performance.His performance in the exams was not very good.他考得不很好。He is excellent in the performance of his duties.他的工作表现极为出色。in cash用现金 by cheque/check用支票by credit card用信用卡合成名词，将主体词变为复数形式。若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词加s：pass
17、er(s)-by（过路人）brother(s)-in-law（姐夫）sister(s)-in-law（嫂子）fathers-in-law岳父 grown-ups(成年人)letter-boxes(信箱)shoe-makers鞋匠 lookers-on 旁观者go-betweens 中间人，媒人,Play jokes on sb=play a joke on sb play tricks on sb=play a trick on sb 开某人的玩笑，戏弄某人（通常是善意的）make fun of sb=laugh at sb 嘲笑某人，取笑某人有关joke 的短语：tell jokes 讲笑话
18、make a joke/jokes about sth 拿开玩笑rely on=rely upondepend on=depend uponcount on=count upon 依赖，依靠；信任，信赖It(just/all)depends.那要看情况而定。,rely on it that.相信，指望 rely on sb/sth 依赖信赖某人rely on sb/sth to do sth 依赖信赖做某事rely on sb/sth doing sth 依赖做某事rely on sb/sth for sth 依赖提供某物 你可以相信她不会迟到。You may rely on it that
19、she wont be late.=You may rely on her not being late.=You may rely on her not to be late.You may not rely on the weather report.You can rely on him.=He can be relied on.We cant rely on her for help.,familiar adj.熟悉的，通晓的；熟知的 be familiar with 熟悉be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知Lucy.通晓英语。Lucy is familiar with E
20、nglish.我熟悉这首歌。This song is familiar to me.=I am familiar with this song.or so 大约；左右；上下(位于数词后）大约：about,around,some 位于数词之前。It took us half a year or so to complete the project.大约5元钱about/around/some five yuan=five yuan or so,break up 分解，拆开（多指物理变化），破碎Sentences can be broken up into clauses.Break up an
21、old ship.When does the ice break up on the river?河里的冰什么时候融化?驱散，解散The police came and broke up the surrounding people.The meeting broke up.（学期）结束，放假；This term has already broken up.When does your school break up?（关系）毁坏，破坏，结束，终止，分手Their marriage has broken up.What broke up their friendship?,break down
22、（机械等）故障，毁坏The bridge/car/telephone broke down.(身体)出毛病，健康衰弱Your health will break down if you work too hard.如果你过分辛劳,会把身体搞垮。The old mans health broke down after a serious illness.那位老人生一场大病后,健康衰退了。(计划等)失败Our plans have broken down.His plan broke down when it was put into practice because he had not giv
23、en enough attention to details.（情绪失去控制的）崩溃，情不自禁地哭起来 She broke down at the news of her mothers death.瓦解（多指化学过程）分解Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。,break into 破门而入;突然开始（笑、唱）break into our housebreak into loud applause爆发出热烈的掌声break into laughter/tearsbreak in 闯入（vi 词组）；插话，打断Do
24、nt break in when he is telling the story.We were watching TV when he broke in.break away from 脱离The criminal broke away from the policemen who were holding him.He broke away from his family and has gone to live in Australia.,break into pieces 破成碎片break ones word/promise 不守诺言，食言break through 突破The st
25、rikers struggled to break through the police line.The sun broke through the clouds.Scientists think they have broken through in their fight against cancer.break out 突然爆发（vi 词组)A fire broke out during the midnight and soon the whole building was in flames.break off断开；折断,停顿，中断Many branches broke off i
26、n the strong wind.Mary broke off some of the chocolate to give to the children.,In addition 另外，也（可单独用于句首，通常用逗号与句子分开，也可用于句末，不用逗号）此外，而且：in addition/whats more/moreover/futhermorein addition to=as well as;besides 除了之外还He likes swimming.In addition,he also likes skating.他喜欢游泳。另外，他也喜欢滑冰。In addition to sw
27、imming,she likes tennis.除游泳外，她还喜欢打网球。in addition to.除以外还as well as.还；既又；也besides.除之外(包括在内)；况且；此外except.除之外(不包括在内)except for.除之外(强调美中不足)except that.除了(后跟从句)apart from.除之外,sort out 分类，整理；解决She spent a whole afternoon sorting out her stamps.她花了整整一个下午整理邮票。If you mix up those papers,it will be difficult
28、for you to sort them out.如果你弄乱了这些文件,你将很难将它们分类整理好.He would sort out his own problems,in time.他早晚会解决自己的问题。拓展：a sort of 一种 a cheap sort of paperall sorts of 各种各样的sort of=kind of 有几分，有点（放在修饰的v,adj,adv 之前）I sort of thought this might happen.我多少猜到了这件事会发生。,hit n.受欢迎的事物His novel was a great hit.他的小说很受欢迎。You
29、r play will surely become a hit.The song is one of the hits of the year.这是今年最受欢迎的歌曲之一。pick out 挑出，辨认出Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。Lets pick out the bad potatoes from the basket.让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来.,confident adj 自信的confidence n.about/of sth 对有信心 be con
30、fident that 对有信心 in 在方面充满信心他有信心能赢得比赛。He is confident of winning the race.=He is confident that she will win the race.He is confident in his ability to achieve success.他坚信自己有能力取得成功。与about相连的词组：be crazy/curious/careful/particular about 对痴迷/好奇/小心/挑剔,knock into sb.撞到某人身上，偶遇，撞上feel down 感到沮丧；情绪消沉on a tou
31、r 在游览，在参观,在巡回演出brief adj.暂时的，简短的 n 摘要，概要总之 in brief/in short/in a/one word all in all/to be brief 简单说;扼要地说 to be brief with you a brief life 短暂的一生a brief summary of the story 故事的简略大意His explanation was brief and to the point.他的说明既简洁又切中问题要点。,devotion n.挚爱，关爱；奉献，忠诚(+to sth./to doing sth.)devote.to(doi
32、ng)sth.vt.be devoted to(doing)sth.adj.His devotion to his wife and family is touching.Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.an invitation to the party 参加晚会的邀请go wrong 出错，发生故障,sensitive adj.敏感的；灵敏的；易受伤害的be sensitive to 对敏感的；对体贴的be sensitive about 对神经过敏的，易生气的My teeth are really s
33、ensitive_ hot and cold.我的牙齿对冷热非常敏感。Nurses have to be sensitive _ patients needs.护士必须善于体察病人的需要。She is very sensitive _ her weight.她对自己的体重非常的敏感。辨析：sensible adj 明智的，理智的,to,to,about,What if 如果会什么样？（紧张的态度）即使又有什么关系（不在乎的态度）how come?怎么回事？（表示惊讶）how about？=what about怎么样？（询问语气）what for?=why?what of it?那又有什么关系呢
34、？_ the rumor is true?如果谣言是真的会什么样？You said you dont care about me._ I have no job?你说过你不在乎我，即使我没有工作又有什么关系呢？_ you get back so early?你怎么这么早就回来了？_ going for a walk after supper?晚饭后散散步怎么样？Yes,I wrote the article._?是的，文章是我写的。那又有什么关系 呢？,What if,What if,How come,What about/How about,What of it,be honored to
35、do sth./that.做某事感到荣幸I am honored to be asked to speak here.受邀请在这儿发言我感到非常荣幸。I am honored that you should ask me to speak.agree on sth.达成一致，商定，协定agree to sth.同意某事（不仅指其主语与对方看法一致，而且 暗含自己也愿合作、承担义务或效法的意味）agree with sb.同意某人/某人的看法（仅表示看法或意见 一 致，没有愿意进行合作或效法的含义）agree to a plan/an arrangement/a suggestioncome u
36、p with/bring up/put forward 提出come up 被提出,stick to sth.坚持，遵守We must stick to our task till it is finished.You must stick to your promise.你必须遵守诺言。above all 首要的是，最重要的是first of all 首先 at all 根本，全然after all 毕竟 in all 总共，全部all but 几乎 all along 一直all over 到处 all the same 尽管如此Above all,just have fun!最重要的是，快乐些！Max is fair,hardworking,and above all honest.麦克斯公正、勤劳，最重要的是诚实。,
