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1、非谓语动词在句子中充当除了谓语以外的其他句子成分，它由to do;doing;done 以及他们的变化形式构成.,非谓语动词,谓语动词是由各种时态和语态构成的.,1.The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.（is hanging;hangs;hanging)2._ the new juice,and you will like it.(Try;Trying;to try)3.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.(invited;inviting;was i
2、nvited,to be invited),非,谓,非,4.The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(written;was written)5.He _ not to see me when I passed by.(pretended;pretending),非,谓,动词不定式to do,1.概述 动词不定式由to加动词原形构成,在某些情况下可以省略to,相当于名词,形容词和副词,在句中可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,补语,状语和独立成分.,2
3、.形式:主动形式 被动形式一般式进行式 完成式完成进行式,to do to be done,to be doing,to have doing to have been done,to have been doing,(1).to do I am sorry to hear the news.He is determined to work harder next term.(2).to be doing They seemed to be talking about something important.,表示与谓语动词同时或之后发生,与谓语动词同时发生,发生在谓语动词之前,(3).to
4、have doneIm sorry to have kept you waiting.He is said to have gone abroad.(4).to have been doing He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years.,表示动作在谓语动词之前就已经发生,并且一直进行着,3.不定式的否定式He got up early in order not to miss the bus.He promised never to make such a stupid mistake.,4.不定式在句中的
5、作用,(1).主语To save time is to lengthen life.Its+形容词of(for)somebody to do.Its nice of you to help me.Its necessary for us to follow his advice.,(2).His job is to teach English.,(3).宾语decide,want,agree,choose,hope,manage,expect,pretend,offer.to doHe offered to go with us.不定式可以和疑问词一起构成宾语。I dont know what
6、 to do.He taught me how to swim.it 做形式宾语，把真正宾语放在句子后面。I found it interesting to study English.We thought it better to start earlier.,表语,(4).宾语(或主语)补足语1)ask/tell/order/promise sb to do sthI asked him to give us a lecture.2)四看：see/watch/observe/look at 三让：let/have/make 两听：hear/listen to一注意，一感觉：notice/f
7、eel/3)help sb(to)do sthThe murderer was seen _the building.,sb do sth,to enter,(5)定语He had a meeting to attend.Give me a piece of paper to write on.He is looking for a place to live(in).She was the first to think of the idea.The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.I have somet
8、hing to type.I have something to be typed.,to be produced,(6).状语1)He got up early to catch the first busso as to,in order to2)He hurried to the station,only to find the train had gone.He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.He went abroad,never to return.3)Im glad to see youWere proud to be young people of China.,.(目的),.(一般表意外的结果),.(原因),(7).独立结构To tell(you)the truth,I fell asleep in the middle of her talk.To begin with,I found it tiring.,
