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1、英语的时态（1）,一、一般现在时的用法,1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every,sometimes,at,on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.He cycles to work every day.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees.,3)表示格言或警句中。Pride goes befo
2、re a fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dont want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch
3、 me,I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。,知识扩展：一般现在时表将来1）下列动词：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：Here comes the bus.=The bus i
4、s coming.There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。When Bill comes(不是will come),ask him to wait for me.Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.,二、一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等。Where did you go just now?I saw Tom in the stree
5、t yesterday.I bought this TV set in Beijing last year.2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child,I often played football in the street.He always went to work by bus.He used to act like that.,三、一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first？Will you be
6、at home at seven this evening?2)be going to+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month.c.有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds;there is going to be a storm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.,4)b
7、e about to+不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。,be to和be going to 的用法之比较：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则表示主观的打算或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.(客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.(主观安排),四、现在进行时1.表示现在(指说
8、话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如：We are waiting for you.2.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.3.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.,五、过去进行时1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行
9、时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3)常用的时间状语有：this morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while 例句：My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station.When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was s
10、hining.,典型例题1)Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，玛丽在做衣服时提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2)As she _ the newspaper,Granny _ asleep.A.read;was fallingB.was reading;fell C.was reading;was fallingD.read;fell答案B.句中的as=when,while，意为当之时。描述一件
11、事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell(fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。,1.Look!How wonderful my car is!Oh,Jack.What are you thinking about?Dont you like it?Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time.I certainly think its smart.A.wasnt making B.dont makeC.wont makeD.didnt make2.To
12、 find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A.is changingB.has changedC.will have changedD.will change3.He _ quite well,but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A.will swim B.have swumC.swam D.swims4.Jimmy said that he would com
13、e to pick me up,but he _by now.A.hasnt turned up B.doesnt turn upC.wont turn up D.hadnt turned up,5.Im terribly sorry for being late,but I _ the wrong bus.A.catch B.had caughtC.caughtD.catching7.The truth,sir,is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A.was to walk B.had been walking
14、C.walked D.was walking8.I really dont think Rose will be upset,but I will go and see her in case she _.A.is B.does C.will beD.has been9.The computers made by our company sell best,but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A.were playingB.were to playC.had p
15、layed D.played,10.Kate is in hospital.Oh,really?I _._ visit her.A.didnt know;Ill go andB.dont know;Ill go andC.dont know;Im going toD.didnt know;Im going to11.Where _ the guidebook?I cant see it anywhere.I _ it right here,but now its gone.A.did you put;have putB.had you put;have putC.have you put;pu
16、tD.were you putting;put14.Do you live in this city?No,we _ it for holidays.A.just visit B.just visited C.are just visiting D.have visited15.How is the old man now?Sorry,he _ though they did all they could to save him.A.was deadB.had died C.has been dead D.died,16.The lake will be further polluted un
17、less some measures _.A.will be taken B.are takenC.were taken D.had been taken 17.Im afraid it will be two months _.A.when I come back B.when Ill come backC.before I come backD.before Ill come back18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A.had worked,had left B.were working;had left C.working;had leftD.had worked;left21.The notice _“No smoking”.A.is told B.readsC.tells D.is read,
