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1、Adverbial Clause,Because of the rain,he took a taxi.,He often begins doing his homework at eight.,He went on his holiday in the U.S.,He often begins doing his homework when it is eight.,He went on his holiday where economy develops fast.,Because it rained,he took a taxi.,Time clauses,Time clauses ar
2、e introduced by conjunctions of time such as:(homework)After when/whenever every/each time before while next time Asthe first/last timeimmediately any time as soon asHardlywhen till/until the minute no soonerthan since the moment 一就一就(注意句子结构,以及倒装时的用法),When/while1)When+非延续性动词/延续性动词 While+延续性动词_ he le
3、ft the house,I was sitting in the garden.,2)When=just at that time 可翻译成“突然”We were having a meeting when someone broke in.I was about to swim when the tour guide shouted to me.,3)While=thoughWhile I understand what you say,I dont agree with you.,When在名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句中的使用He will go to Beijing _ it is
4、hot in Shenzhen.The question is _ we should leave.I always think of the time _ we were university students.,WheneverCome whenever you like.无论何时Whenever I see him,I smile to him.每当,AsAs+延续动词=When,while,as，三者可互换e.g.When/While/As I was walking along the street,I came across an old friend of mine.,2)As+
5、延续性动词，表伴随进行，翻译成“边边”John sings as he works.,3)As 作介词+身份“当”As a young man(=when he was a young man),he was fond of hunting.这种情况仅限于系表结构。Q:当他年轻的时候，as he was a young man.?,4)As 作介词+身份“作为”He works as a teacher./like 区别,Till,until,notuntil 直到He watched TV till/until his father came home.He didnt watch TV t
6、ill/until his father came home.Q:He went to bed until his father came home.?与unless区别,came,Not until的倒装、强调句,I didnt realize it until yesterday.I didnt realize it until you told me.,Not until yesterday did I realize it.Not until you told me did I realize it.It was not until yesterday that I realized
7、it.,Before/sinceThey fought for four years _ they won the war.Before 的时态很灵活Please write it down before you forget it.She left before I expressed my love.,before,since,Since+一般过去时搭配,主句用现在完成时Since two years ago/then/I graduated,Since 表“自从”还可当连词Since graduation/leaving school/breakfast.,Adverbial Claus
8、es of Place,These are introduced by where,wherever,My books are put on the clean shelf.My books are put where is clean.?,Where在定语从句和状语从句中的区别I live in a city _ it is warm.I live _ it is warm.,I will follow you wherever you go.无论什么地方,Adverbial Clause of Reason,These are introduced by because,since,as,
9、for(句中),seeing/considering that,now that,in that(句中),Because 表示直接的理由，强调别人未知的事实since,as引导的原因状语从句一般表示已知的事实，强调引起的后果。for 1)=because 但不能放句首,2)补充说明理由(实际上是结果),The ground is wet,for it rained last night.可与because互换It rained last night,for the ground is wet.,参考P109表格,表原因的介词短语:because of,thanks to,due to,owin
10、g to,as a result of,on account of,Seeing/considering thatNow thatSinceas,because,ForIn that,Because 引导的从句可以带修饰语just,only,mainly,chiefly,partly也可以用于强调句或not but并列结构，但since,as则不能,The officer punished the boy just/only because he wanted to teach him a lesson.,The girl learned to play the piano not becau
11、se she like to play the piano but because her parents forced her to.,It was because he lost it that he found it more valuable than ever.,Because,Adverbial Clause of Manner,These are introduced by as,as if/as though(好像),the way,e.g.Do exactly as the doctor says.He knows our city well as though he had
12、 been here for years.It sounds as if it is going to rain,I dont like the way(in which/that/)he addresses the audience.The way he ran was funny.He always thinks(in)a different way.,the way的用法,Adverbial Clause of Result,Usual constructions:So+adj./adv.+thate.g.The theory was so advanced that few peopl
13、e could understand it.,2.Such+a(n)+adj.+n.,e.g.I had such a good experience that I would always remember it.,参照P110,大括号,注意such a(n)that结构可以转换为soadj.a(n)n.that,The elephant has so strong a body that it can do heavy work for people.,若名词前的修饰语为many,few,little,much,则惯用so不用such,e.g.There were so many peop
14、le in the room that I couldnt get in.,He is _ a little boy that he can hardly lift the heavy box.,Adverbial Clauses of Purpose,These are introduced by(so)that,in order that,in case=for fear that=lest恐怕,以免.,e.g.He walks fast(so)that he can catch the bus.,注意so that引导目的状语从句与so that引导的结果状语从句的区别。,1)目的状语从
15、句中一般含有情态动词can/could,may/might,will/would,should,而结果状语从句中则没有。,e.g.He worked very hard so that he passed the test.He worked very hard so that he might pass the test.,We speak slowly for fear that they dont understand.,I wrote as clearly as possible so that I could get high marks.I wrote as clearly as
16、possible,so that I got high marks.,He stopped for a minute so that the students could think his question over.He stopped for a minute so that the students had time to think his question over.,purpose,result,purpose,result,So that he stopped his truck,the policeman waved to the driver.The policeman w
17、aved to the driver,so that he stopped his truck.,Result,Soas to 到程度So as to=in order toHe is so kind as to get me a cab.热心到帮我叫车的程度I walked fast so as to catch the early bus.,Adverbial Clauses of Condition,These are introduced by if,unless,in case,as/so long as,once,on condition that,suppose/supposin
18、g，provided that,In case it rains,the path up the hill will be slippery.,Once you taste the noodles,you will never forget their delicious flavor.,You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.A.Even ifB.as ifC.as long asD.unless,Supposing(that)they refuse us,what shall we do?,Adverbial Clauses of
19、 Concession,1.although,though,even if,even though,while,e.g.Although he lacks experience,(yet,still,nevertheless)he is ready to do the job.Though she drinks a lot,she is in good health.,Though做副词用在句尾.She is in good health.She drinks a lot,though.,Even if可以跟虚拟语气,也可用陈述语气,As倒装结构Smart as he isAs he is s
20、mart,n./adj./adv./v.+as+subject+predicate=though,Short as she was(=Though she was short),she played the best in her team.Student of English as he is,he cant understand the English film.Much as we tried,we failed to get the expected result.Search as they would,they could find nobody in the house.,状语从
21、句的省略,1.Dont speak until you are spoken to.2.Once it is seen,it will never be seen.3.While I was in BJ,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.4.Pressure can be reduced when it is needed.5.I prefer my milk a little sweetened whenever it is possible.6.When he was a child,he was a good swimmer.7.He often m
22、akes mistakes when he is speaking English.8.She always sings while she is doing her homework.,状语从句的省略,1.时间状语从句的省略,Dont speak until spoken to.Once seen,it will never be seen.While in BJ,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.Pressure can be reduced when needed.I prefer my milk a little sweetened wheneve
23、r possible.As a child,he was a good swimmer.(when)He often makes mistakes when speaking English.She always sings while doing her homework.,Come tomorrow if it is possible.If it is so,you must go back.I will buy a TV set if it is necessary.He has no money.If he has any,he will give us.The girl never
24、gave in unless she was wrong.Unless it is repaired,the machine is of no use.,2.条件状语从句的省略,Come tomorrow if possible.If so,you must go back.I will buy a TV set if necessary.He has no money.If any,he will give us.The girl never gave in unless wrong.Unless repaired,the machine is of no use.,3.方式状语从句的省略,
25、Some flowers shut up at night as if they are to sleep.She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.The inspector looked around,as if he was in search of something.Jane seemed as if she was good at everything.,3.方式状语从句的省略,Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep.She stood at the gate a
26、s if waiting for someone.The inspector looked around,as if in search of something.Jane seemed as if good at everything.,3.方式状语从句的省略,Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep.She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone.The inspector looked around,as if in search of something.Jane seemed as if good at everything.,Though it was cold,he still wore a shirt.Fill in the blanks with articles where it is necessary.,3.其他状语从句的省略,Though cold,he still wore a shirt.Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.,
