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1、Addition(增词法)(or amplification增益法),Addition means supplying necessary words in translation,making the version grammatically correct,semantically clear,rhetorically sound,logically acceptable,and culturally appropriate.Words thus supplied must be indispensable syntactically,semantically,stylistically
2、,and contextually.,Note:Words added should be necessary enough to make the version making the version grammatically correct,semantically clear,rhetorically sound,logically,acceptable,and culturally appropriate.增词法并非随意添油加醋,而是增加原文虽无但有其义的词,词组或者句子.,Addition for Semantic and Rhetoric purposes,Section one
3、 Adding VerbsHe left after dinner,but not go home.After the football match,hell got an important meeting.My work,my family,my friends were more than enough to fill my time.,4.The planet we live on is not just a ball of inert material.5.The behavior of a man is largely conditioned by his environment
4、and his education.6.Power carries great responsibility.7.A settlement and peace will remain elusive.8.This medicine will make you better.9.In 1945,he retuned to his Pars museum and teaching posts.10.Spring brings warm weather and flowers.11.The crops survived the drought.12.The shortest cut would ta
5、ke us five hours to get there.,13.He dismissed the meeting without closing speech.14.After the football match,the chairman has got an important meeting.,Section two Adding NounsI could knit when I was seven.He wanted to learn,to know and to teach.He never drinks before driving.Solution,madness,evolu
6、tion,innovation,redundancy,derivation.(category nouns范畴词)He reads Shakespeare.His father,red-faced and happy,was still reading the book.She was small and pale.The purpose of engineering is to create useful things,to make them better,cheaper and abundance.,9.In order to improve the kind of battery,Ed
7、ison spent almost ten years and made nearly 50,000 experiments.10.He has difficulty in sleeping,inability to concentrate.11.The rising unemployment was the most important at the congress.,Section three Addition in words to indicate nouns Plural FormsYou can swim and play games in the park.When bell
8、rang,students ran out of the classroom.Tom boasts that he could get rid of difficulties successfully.Personal tragedy hunted his life,in the deaths of loved ones.They did not talk over my suggestions until yesterday afternoon.,Section four Addition in words to indicate different TensesThe English la
9、nguage is in good shape.It is changing in its own undiscoverable way,but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree.Inflation was and still is No.1 problem for that country.The curtain has parted;the mystery is being dispelled.The problem to be solved is the development of sufficiently s
10、ensitive apparatus.We wont retreat;we never have never will.,Section five Addition of measure words,and mood auxiliary wordsA horse,a pen,a plane,a pig,a red sun,a steam.Do what you like!Section six Supplying summarizing words The word“wiser”and“loser”have many meanings.,Section seven Supplying illu
11、strative words or expressions for better understanding 1.You are not Robinson Crusoe.Your not alone,so dont so damned selfish.你有不是流落荒岛，与世隔绝的鲁滨逊，不要事事只为自己打算。,Section seven Supplying connectors for better cohesionCohesive ties:logical connectors,grammatical connectors,lexical connectors.,We wont retrea
12、t;we never have and never will.You cannot build a ship,a house,or a machine if you do not know how to make or read a design.Recourse to arms is not the best solution to a quarrel between countries.Divorce is increasing in this counties with growing urbanization.He was described as impressed by Dengs flexibility.At the same time,inequality has become worse.Footsteps announced his return.The application of plastics in automobile industry has brought about great increase of the consumption.Its more expensive than it was last time but not as good.,
