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1、Unit4Sharing,1relevant adj.有关的；切题的；重要的Her appearance is not relevant to whether she can be a good teacher.她的长相跟她能否当位好老师无关。“和有关”的表示方法：be relevant to.be related to.be concerned with.be involved in.be associated with.The essay is not relevant to the topic.这篇文章不切题。This point is really relevant and we ha
2、d better move on.这一点至关重要，我们还是接着谈吧。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空),Topics for compositions should be_to the experiences and interests of the students.Aconcerned BdependentCconcerning Drelevant,上一页,【解析】句意：作文的题目应与学生的经历和兴趣有关。be relevant to“与有关”；而concerning 是介词，相当于about，后面不加to。【答案】D,2adjust vt.&vi.调整；(使)适合Watch out for
3、sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.当心急转弯并相应调整车速。It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。,上一页,adjust oneself to.使自己适应于adjust to sth./doing sth.适应(作不及物动词时，to为介词)He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。,adjustme
4、nt n.调整；修正make an adjustment 作出调整 He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空),Something is wrong with his camera.It cant be_to take photos in cloudy conditions.Aadapted Badjusted Cadopted Dremedied,【解析】句意：他的相机出毛病了，在多云的天气里不能调节拍照了。adjust“调节；调整”，在此表示调节
5、照相机的速度、距离或光圈等；adapt“使适应”；adopt“采取；采用”；remedy“纠正”。【答案】B,上一页,3participate vi.参与；参加Several experts will participate as technical advisers.几位专家将作为技术顾问参加。,上一页,participate with sb.in sth.与某人分担/同某人参与某事participate in sth./doing sth.参加,I participate in your suffering and joy.我跟你同甘共苦。Everyone in class is expe
6、cted to participate in these discussions.希望全班同学都能参与这些讨论。,participate/attend/join/join in/take part in,(1)participate正式用语，常与in搭配，意为“参与；参加”。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加。(2)attend一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学、听课、听演讲或讲座等。(3)join 常用词，通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/party/team/club等。(4)join in 参加正在进行的活动，其宾
7、语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可用于join in(doing)sth./join sb.in(doing)sth.结构中。(5)take part in 指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如：take(an active)part in school/activities。,The teacher is easygoing，and she often_in the pupils games.(2011淮北高三检测)Aparticipates Bacts Cjoined Dtook part,学以致用(
8、单项填空),上一页,【解析】句意：这位老师很随和，她经常参加学生的游戏。由句中的一般现在时可排除C、D两项；根据句意表示的是“参加一个活动”可知，答案选A。【答案】A,上一页,4otherwise conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面Shut the window，otherwise itll get cold in here.把窗户关好，不然屋子里就太冷了。He says its genuine，but we think otherwise.他说这是真的，但我们不这样认为。The soup was cold，but it was otherwise an excellent m
9、eal.除了汤是凉的以外，那顿饭菜是很好的。,上一页,(1)otherwise用作副词或连词时，表示与前述内容相反的条件。这个条件可以是现实的，也可以是相反的(假象的、虚拟的)，在前一种情况下，含otherwise的分句谓语动词用陈述语气，在后一种情况下，用虚拟语气。当otherwise用作连词时，其用法和意义相当于连词or。We didnt know his telephone number；otherwise we would have telephoned him.我们不知道他的电话号码，不然我们就会给他打电话了。Seize the chance，otherwise/or you wil
10、l regret it.要抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。(2)otherwise用作副词，位置可以前置、后置或居中。,Make sure the gas is turned off after a bath，which would _ cause danger.Asomehow Bmeanwhile Cotherwise Dfurthermore,学以致用(单项填空),【解析】句意：确保洗澡后关上煤气，不然会带来危险的。otherwise“否则；不然”，符合句意。somehow“以某种方式”；meanwhile“同时；其间”；furthermore“而且；此外”。【答案】C,上一页,5dona
11、te vt.捐赠；赠送This van was donated to us by a local firm.这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。,上一页,上一页,donate sth.(to sb./sth.)捐赠；赠送(钱、物等),She donated a large sum of money to the charity.她捐了一大笔钱给慈善机构。All the teachers and schoolmates donate blood to the nation annually.全校师生每年都向国家献血。,donation n C捐赠物U捐赠；赠送give/make/present
12、a donation to.捐赠send a donation to.把捐款寄至,Would you like to make a donation to our charity appeal?你愿意响应我们慈善团体的呼吁来捐赠吗？,donate虽然是及物动词，但常与介词to搭配，且位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略。类似用法的词还有：introduce(introduce sb.to sb.)；explain(explain sth.to sb.)等。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空)If most breadwinners_a days pay to the Hope Project，then
13、it will be hopeful.Amanage Bdonate Cpresent Dgive,【解析】句意：如果大多数挣工资的人把一天的所得捐献给希望工程的话，那希望工程就有希望了。manage“设法；经营”；donate“捐献”；present“(作为礼物)赠送”；give“给予”。根据句意可知，答案选B。【答案】B,上一页,6purchase vt.&n买；购买；(以某种代价)换得The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.这对新婚夫妇花费
14、了一些钱购买新房子里必备的家具。He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.他给他儿子一些钱买课本。The farm was sold at ten years purchase.农场以相当于10年间土地收入的价钱售出。,上一页,make a purchase 采购leave sb.to his purchase 让某人自谋生路live on ones purchase 自谋生计；自找活路purchase and sale 买卖purchase price 买价；进货价格purchase freedom wit
15、h blood 以血的代价赢得自由purchase sth.from sb.向采购,上一页,purchase/shop/buy,三者都有“购买”的意思。(1)purchase正式用词，指大宗购货或购买重要东西。无感情色彩，强调物品的购得。(2)shop指上街到商店去购买物品。(3)buy普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购物也可指大的购买。buy可接双宾语，但purchase不可以。,It is what I purchased the other day(我前几天买来的一件东西),学以致用(单项填空),7distribute vt.分配；分发；分布 This species of butterfl
16、y is widely distributed over our country.这种蝴蝶广泛分布于我们国家。,上一页,distribute sth.to把某物分配/分发给distribute sth.among在中分发/分配某物 The teacher has distributed the text books to his students.老师把教材分发给他的学生。The money was distributed among schools in the area.这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。,学以致用(单项填空)Some blood types are quite commo
17、n，others are regionally_，and still others are rare everywhere.Adistributed BcontributedCobtained Dconvinced,上一页,【解析】句意：有些血型很常见，有一些是区域性分布，还有一些在任何地方都罕见。distribute“分布”，符合句意。contribute“贡献”；obtain“获得”；convince“使信服”。【答案】A,8operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作The medicine operated quickly.这药很快就起作用了。The computer didnt op
18、erate properly.这台电脑无法正常运转。This is a new model machine which is very easy to operate.这是一台很容易操作的新型机器。operate a business/shop经营一家企业/开商店operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术I went to see him in the hospital on Friday when he was operated on.我星期五去医院看他了，就在那一天他动了手术。,上一页,come/go into operation开始工作/运转；生效put/bring into o
19、peration 实施；施行；使运转do/perform/carry out an operation 实施行动be in operation 运转着；在操作中,上一页,学以致用(单项填空)The doctor said that the patient had_at once.Ato operate Bto be operatedCoperated Dto be operated on,上一页,【解析】句意：医生说这个病人必须马上动手术。operate作“动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，所以表示“给某人动手术”用短语operate on sb.，其在被动语态中介词on应该保留。【答案】D,上一页
20、,9(be)dying to极想；渴望She is dying to know where you have been.她极想知道你去了哪儿。I am dying to begin my career as soon as possible.我真希望早日开始自己的事业。,上一页,“渴望”的表示方法：be dying/thirsty for sth.be eager/anxious to do sth.desire to do sth.have a strong desire for sth.long to do sth./for sth.starve for sth.have an urge
21、to do sth.be keen to do sth./be keen on doing sth.,上一页,She was anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找份工作。After a long dry season the trees are dying/thirsty for water.经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。,学以致用(单项填空)Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education，though he is_to get one to support his family.A
22、dying Blooking forwardCfighting Dwanting,上一页,【解析】句意：杰克因为文化程度太低而没有找到工作，尽管他很想找一份工作养家。be dying to do sth.“极想；渴望做某事”；look forward to doing sth.“渴望；盼望做某事”。【答案】A,上一页,10in need 在困难中；在危急中We must reach out to those in need.我们必须对有需要的人伸以援手。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。She always gives seats to
23、 people in need on the bus.她总是在公共汽车上把座位让给有需要的人。,上一页,(1)in need of需要There is no need for sth.不需要某物There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事(2)介词in可用来表示状态或状况in danger处于危险中in trouble在困境中in pain在痛苦中 in despair 在绝望中in condition身体状况 in prison在服刑 中,学以致用(单项填空)Many Chinese universities provided scholarship
24、s for students_financial aid.(2008天津高考)Ain favour of Bin honour ofCin face of Din need of,上一页,【解析】句意：很多中国的大学对需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金。in need of“需要”，符合句意。in favour of“支持”；in honour of“为纪念；为庆祝”；in face of“面对”。【答案】D,上一页,11We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from_where w
25、e had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge，关系副词where前一般不加介词，但from where却是个例外。,There are many websites，from where you can find almost all the necessary information.有许多网址，从那里你能够找到几乎所有你所需要的信息。China
26、is the birthplace of kites，from where kiteflying spreads to Japan，Korea and India.中国是风筝的故乡，从那里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜和印度。We could have a good view of the lake from where we lived.从我们住的地方可以看到湖的美景。,学以致用(单项填空),The following are some popular websites_people can sell goods to others.Awhere BwhichCwhen Dwhose,【解析】句意：
27、后面是一些常用网站，人们可在这些网站上卖东西给其他人。where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，意为“在这些网站上”。【答案】A,12The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些的确有需要的人一项志愿性捐助。,(1)your loved one keeps是定语从句，修饰先行词something；who really need i
28、t是定语从句，修饰先行词people。主句的表语有两个，即something和volunteer contribution，由not.but.并列词组连接。(2)not.but.连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。He does not work but play all day.他整天不学习只知道玩耍。Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.电话找的是你不是他。(1)not only.but(also).，either.or.，neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。(2)as
29、well as连接主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。Not only you but also he has to leave.不只是你，他也得离开。The teacher as well as the students is painting.老师和学生们在画画。,学以致用(单项填空),It is often said that the joy of travelling is_in arriving at your destination_in the journey itself.(2008江苏高考)A/；but B/；or Cnot；or Dnot；but,【解析】句意：我们常说旅游的乐趣不在于你最终所到达的目的地，而在于旅途本身的过程。not.but.“不是而是”，连接连个并列成分，符合句意。【答案】D,
