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1、Friendship,Unit 3 Language in use,Grammar,宾语从句（二）,定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。(跟在谓语动词后面的一个句子叫做宾语从句）,宾语从句的分类1.that引导的宾语从句 2.whether/if引导的宾语从句3.疑问词引导的宾语从句,1、if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在ask，see，say，know和find out等动词（组）后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。如：Nobody knows whether/if it will rain tomorrow.没有人知道明天是否下雨。,2、if或w
2、hether引导宾语从句时，从句应用陈述句语序。“Do you know the way to the hospital?”the old woman asked me.（合并为宾语从句）,The old woman asked me if(whether)I knew the way to the hospital.老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。,3、whether与if通常情况下可以互换,但在下列情况下通常用whether而不用if。从句后有or not的情况。如:The teacher asks me whether I have finished my homework or not.
3、老师问我是否已经完成作业了。,注意,从句前有介词的情况。My parents are talking about whether we will go to Hong Kong for travelling.父母正在讨论是否去香港旅游。His father is worried about whether he will lost his work.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。,从句在句首的情况。Whether you like it,I dont mind.你是否喜欢,我不介意。在动词不定式之前只能用whether。I cant decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留
4、下。,who,whom,whose,what,when,why,where,which,how等引导的宾语从句，疑问词有词汇意义，且在宾从中充当成分，不能省略。Do you know who has won“Red Alert”game?你知道谁赢了这一局“红警”游戏吗？The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁们了解些什么。,中考宾从的三个方面：1、语序，宾从要用陈述语序；2、引导词，引导词有that,if/whether以及who,when,where,what,why等；3、时态，通常情况下，主句是过去时，宾
5、从要用过去的 某种时态。主句是现在时，宾从时态随句意。I said that I was doing my homework.我说我正在做作业。,注意,When did you do the model plane?(特殊疑问句)Can you tell me?(宾从)Why were you late for class yesterday?(特殊疑问句)Can you tell me?(宾从)How many boys are there in our class?(特殊疑问句)I want to know.(宾从)How do you go to school every day?(特殊
6、疑问句)I dont know.(宾从),when you did the model plane,why you were late for class yesterday,how many boys there are in our class,how you go to school every day,中考链接,1.Everyone can play an important part in society.As members,we should try our best to do _.A.what we should do B.what should we do C.how we
7、 should do D.how should we do 2.Im not sure _.Ill call to make sure.A.how he will be back B.that he has come back C.why he has come back D.if he has been back.,3.Could you tell me _?A.how many people have been out of hospital B.when is Thanksgiving Day C.which animal does he like best 4.Show me the
8、map,please.I wonder _.Look,its here,in the east of China,near Taiwan Province.A.where is Diaoyu Island B.where Diaoyu Island is C.what is Diaoyu Island like,5.The math problem is so hard.I really dont know_.A.how to do it B.how to do C.what to do it 6.Excuse me,could you tell me _ to get the post of
9、fice?Certainly.The No.15 bus.A.which bus I should take B.I should take which bus C.should I take which bus D.which bus should I take,7.Do you know _ Zunyi or not tomorrow?A.whether are they leaving for B.whether they are leaving for C.if they are leaving for D.if are they leaving for8.What about goi
10、ng to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend?OK.But Im not sure _ it will rain.A.why B.where C.when D.whether,9.They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not.A.that B.if C.whether10.Do you kow_the girl in blue is?Im not sure.Maybe a teacher.A.whose B.how C.what D.which,1.She wants t
11、o know _(if/who)you will study in America.2.The problem is _(whether/that)we can catch the bus or not.3.She says _(who/that)she will leave a message on the headmasters desk.4.The boy asked the shopkeeper _(if/when)Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.,Choose the correct words to complete the
12、sentences.,if,whether,that,if,5.Could you tell me _(what/when)she is looking for?6.Mr King doesnt know _(who/when)his son will go back.7.Im waiting for a letter.Do you know _(what/when)it will arrive?8.The girl asks _(where/why)they will take some food to the park.,what,when,when,why,Exercises,1 I a
13、sked her2 I do not remember3 I cannot find out 4 I do not understand 5 I could not decide,a)when I should call her.b)why he looks worried.c)if she would like to go with me.d)how long he would be away.e)where I met her for the first time.,1.Match the two parts of the sentences.There may be more than
14、one possibility.,Jo:Hi,Anna.Did you get the invitation to the end-of-term concert?Anna:Yes,I did.Jo:Could you tell me(1)_ youre going to come?Anna:Yes,Id love to.Jo:Thats great.What about Tony?Do you know(2)_ hes coming?Anna:Yes,hes coming.Dont forget,hes in the school band.,if/whether,2.Complete th
15、e conversation with if,what,when,whether,or why.,if/whether,Jo:So do you know(3)_the band will play at the concert?Anna:Of course!But I dont know(4)_ they will play?Jo:I think theyll play first.Anna:Do you know(5)_ Tony has written a new song for the concert?Jo:Yes,he told me that he had,but I think
16、 its a surprise.Anna:Ive heard that Arthur isnt going to play the piano at the concert.Do you know(6)_?Jo:Yes.Hes broken his arm.Anna:Oh,dear,thats terrible!,what,when,why,if/whether,I do not remember who _.I do not understand why _.3 I cannot decide where_.4 I want to know when _.5 I asked him whet
17、her _ _.,he is,he is not playing today,to put this,the basketball match starts,the teacher was coming today,or not,3.Complete the sentences so that they are true for you.,A:Good morning.This is 23456789.(1)_B:Hello.May I speak to Jack?A:Jack?(2)_B:Oh,sorry.A:Thats OK.,b,a,a)Im afraid you have the wr
18、ong number.b)Can I help you?c)Ill call back later.d)Jack isnt here right now.e)Whos calling,please?,4.Complete the conversations with the sentences in the box.,B:Hello.May I speak to Jack,please?C:(3)_B:Its Sally.C:Just hold the line,please.(A moment later.)Sorry,(4)_ Can I take a message?B:No,thank
19、s.(5)_,e,d,c,Now work in pairs.Act out the conversations.,hold te line“等一下，不挂断电话”也可以说：hold on.,include lonely suggestion trust worried,A:Why are you so(1)_?B:Im new here and the students in my class dont(2)_ me.I feel so(3)_.Can you help me?A:I see.It takes some time before they(4)_ new students in
20、their circle of friends.My(5)_ is:keep trying to make friends.B:OK.Ill try.,worried,trust,lonely,5.Complete the conversation with the words in the box.,include,suggestion,circle of friends follow treasure stay in touch,When my grandmother died,I felt my heart break.Many dark days(1)_,and I missed he
21、r so much.She was full of love for everyone in the family and every piece of advice she gave me was a(2)_.She had a wide(3)_ and they often came to see her.She(4)_ with them until her last days.,followed,6.Complete the passage with the correct form of the word and expressions in the box.,treasure,ci
22、rcle of friends,stayed in touch,be full of=be filled with“充满；装满”,not.until.“直到.才.”,My best friend has found a new best friend.My long-lasting friendship with someone is coming to an end.I have moved to a new school and Im lonely.My best friends parents dont like me.,7.Listen and choose the problems the speaker describes.,Talk about your feelings.Try to spend some time with your friend.Do something that is special to both of you.Forget about your friend.Nothing stays the same all the time.,8.Now listen and number the pieces of advice in the order you hear them.,
