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1、A person lives and dies, but as long as you live, you must live in the best way.（页眉可删）小学英语语法知识总结 小学英语语法知识总结1一般过去时态(a) be 动词的过去式:I/He/she/it was(not). You/we/they were.一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。(b) 动词过去式：肯定句： I watched cartoons.She visited the zoo.一般疑问句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn
2、t.Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didnt.否定句： They didnt go the the part yesterday.He didnt make model ships last week.动词过去式变化规则：1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-e
3、d，如：study-studied5.不规则动词过去式：am，is-was， are-were， do-did， see-saw， say-said， give-gave， get-got， go-went， come-came， have-had， eat-ate， take-took， run-ran， sing-sang， put-put， make-made， read-read， write-wrote， draw-drew， drink-drank， swim-swam， sit-sat小学英语语法知识总结2动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cook
4、ing2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时，用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。结构是：be (am, is, are)+动词现在分词形式，几种句型：一、陈述句(肯定句)主语+be(am, is, are)+现在分词，如：I am reading English.我正在读英语。He is writing.他正在写字。You are running.你正在跑步。二、一般疑问句Be(Am, Is, A
5、re)+主语+现在分词，如：1. -Are you singing?你正在唱歌吗?-Yes, I am.是的，我在唱歌。(No, Im not.不，我不在唱歌。)2. -Is he (she) listening to music?他(她)在听音乐吗?-Yes, he (she) is.是的，他(她)在听音乐。No, he (she) isnt.不，他(她)不在听音乐。三、特殊疑问句疑问词+be (am, is, are)+主语+现在分词，如：1. -What are you doing?你正在干什么?-I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。2. -What is he
6、(she) doing?他(她)正在干什么?-He (She) is riding a bike.他(她)正在骑自行车。与现在进行时连用的词：look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在)，Look! Jack is swimming.看!杰克正在游泳。Listen! She is singing.听!她正在唱歌。I am cleaning my room now.现在我正在打扫房间。小学英语语法知识总结3一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我
7、每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +
8、主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要
9、用does构成一般疑问句。如：Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?小结：通常用时间状语 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。肯定句：I go to school on foot every day.She goes to school on foot every day.一般疑问句:Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.D
10、oes he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.否定句： We dont go to school on Sundays.My mother doesnt like watching TV in the evening.小学英语语法知识总结4形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2.形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ;如：tall-taller以字母e 结尾，加r ;f
11、ine- finer以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除ow结尾)，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ;如：big-bigger以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。如;happy- happier(5)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more 如：beautiful-more beautiful3.不规则形容词比较级：Good/well-better， bad/ill worse , much /many more , little less, few fewer , far further宾语宾语一般用在及物动词的后面，表示行为动词所涉及的对象。一、名词作宾语Sho
12、w your passport, please.请出示护照。二、代词作宾语He didnt say anything.他什么也没说。三、数词作宾语How many do you want? - I want two.你要几个?- 我要两个。四、名词化的形容词作宾语They sent the injured to hospital.他们把伤员送到医院。五、不定式或ing形式作宾语They asked to see my passport.他们要求看我的护照。I enjoy working with you.我和你们一道工作很愉快。六、从句作宾语Did you write down what he
13、 said?你把他的话记下了没有?小学英语语法知识总结5系动词亦称联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。He fell off the ladder.他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, rem
14、ain, stay, lie,stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。3)表像系动词用来表示;看起来像;这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累。He seems very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4)感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。This flo
15、wer smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5)变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get,go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。6)终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达;证实;，;变成;之意，例如：The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。The search proved difficul
16、t. 搜查证实很难。His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。小学英语语法知识总结61.人称代词主格： I we you she he it they宾格： me us you her him it them形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs2.形容词和副词的比较级(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc(2) 多音节词前+more more interesting
17、, etc.(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc.(4) 把y变i，再+er heavier, earlier(5) 不规则变化： well-better, much/many-more, etc.3.可数词的复数形式Most nouns + s a book booksNouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a storystoriesNouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glassglasses a watch-watchesNouns ending in o +s or +e
18、s a pianopianos a mangomangoesNouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife knives a shelf-shelves4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)bread, rice, water ,juice etc.5. 缩略形式Im = I amyoure = you areshes = she ishes = he isits = it iswhos =who iscant =can notisnt=is not etc6. a/ana book,a peachan eggan hour7. Preposition:
19、on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示时间： at six oclock, at Christmas, at breakfaston Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter8. 基数词和序数词one first two-second twenty-twentieth9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brother
20、s or sisters?10. be 动词(1) Basic form: am/are/is(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.My eyes are(not) small.My hair is(not) long.(3)一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you arent.Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.11. there be 结构 肯定句：There is a Th
21、ere are 一般疑问句:Is there ? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Are there?Yes, there are. /No, there arent.否定句： There isnt . There arent.12. 祈使句 Sit down please Dont sit down, please.13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”. 形式：be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.
22、动词 ing 的形式Most verbs +ing walkwalkingVerbs ending in e -e + ing comecomingShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonantrun running swimswimming14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。肯定句： I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day.一般疑问句: Do you jump high? Yes, I
23、 do. / No, I dont. Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.否定句： We dont go to school on Sundays. My mother doesnt like watching TV in the evening.15. (情态)动词can,must, should 后面直接用动词原形。eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing.2.You should keep quiet in the library.16. 一般过去时态(a) be 动词的过去式: I/He/she
24、/it was(not). You/we/they were.一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。(b) 动词过去式：肯定句： I watched cartoons. She visited the zoo.一般疑问句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didnt. 否定句： They didnt go the the part yesterday. He didnt make model ships l
25、ast week.(3)动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。Verbs ending in a consonant +y -y +iedeg : studystudied Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonanteg: stop -stopped不规则动词的变化：is/amwas,arewere,dodid,have/hashad,makemade,fly-flew/u:/ eatate,taketook,runran,singsang,drinkdrank 等等17. “Wh-” questions.What are you doing? What colour is it?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?How much is the toy bear?小学英语语法知识总结
