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1、高级口译,笔记,中国国家机关名称中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名 中国一些流行词语的英文表达与学校相关词汇,中国国家机关名称,全国人民代表大会National Peoples Congress(NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affair
2、s Committee外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education,Science,Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee,法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions 宪法修改委员会Commi
3、ttee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席President of the Peoples Republic of China中央军事委员会Central Military Commission最高人民法院Supreme Peoples Court最高人民检察院Supreme Peoples Procuratorate国务院State Council（1）国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防
4、部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology,国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公
5、安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of State Security监察部 Ministry of Supervision民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部 Ministry of Justice财政部 Ministry of Finance人事部 Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁路
6、部 Ministry of Railways交通部 Ministry of Communications信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources,对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行Peoples Bank of China国家
7、审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室R
8、esearch Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office,(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局
9、State Administration of Radio,Film and Television国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Qualit
10、y and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration(SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office(SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council,(
11、4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismo
12、logical Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRS),(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve(Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal
13、 Trade国家煤炭工业局 State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Buildin
14、g Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission),中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名,中共中央总书记 General Secretary,the CPC Central Committee 政治局常委 Member,Standing Committee of Political Bureau,th
15、e CPC Central Committee 政治局委员 Member,Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member,secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委员 Member,Central Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member 省委/市委书记 Secretary,Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC 党组书记 secretary,Party Leadership Group 中华人民共和国主席/副主席
16、 President/Vice President,the Peoples Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman,National Peoples Congress 秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member,（地方人大）主任 Chairman,Local Peoples Congress 人大代表 Deputy to the Peoples Congress 国务院总理 Premier,State Council 国务委员 State Councilor 秘书长 Secret
17、ary-General（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长 Minister 部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长 Governor 常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor 自治区人民政府主席 Chairman,Autonomous Regional Peoples Government 地区专员 Commissioner,prefecture 香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive,Hong Kong Special
18、 Administrative Region,市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor 区长 Chief Executive,District Government 县长 Chief Executive,County Government 乡镇长 Chief Executive,Township Government 秘书长 Secretary-General 办公厅主任 Director,General Office（部委办）主任 Director 处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief 科长/股长 Section Chief 科员 Cl
19、erk/Officer 发言人 Spokesman 顾问 Adviser 参事 Counselor 巡视员 Inspector/Monitor 特派员 Commissioner 人民法院院长 President,Peoples Courts 人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge,Peoples Tribunals,审判长 Chief Judge 审判员 Judge 书记 Clerk of the Court 法医 Legal Medical Expert 法警 Judicial Policeman 人民检察院检察长 Procurator-General,Peoples procuratorat
20、es 监狱长 Warden 律师 Lawyer 公证员 Notary Public 总警监 Commissioner General 警监 Commissioner 警督 Supervisor 警司 Superintendent 警员 Constable,中国一些流行词语的英文表达,1.素质教育：Quality Education 2.EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3.保险业：the insurance industry 4.保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority area
21、s 5.补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6.不良贷款：non-per FORMing loan 7.层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8.城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9.城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents 10.城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insu
22、rance for urban workers,11.出口信贷：export credit 12.贷款质量：loan quality 13.贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14.防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15.防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16.非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17.非贸易收汇：foreign ex
23、change earnings through nontrade channels 18.非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19.费改税：transFORM administrative fees into taxes 20.跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21.工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22.国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23.过度开垦：excess reclamation 24.合同管理制度：the contract sy
24、stem for governing projects 25.积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy,26.基本生活费：basic allowance 27.解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28.金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29.经济安全：economic security 30.靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31.扩大国内需求：the expansion
25、of domestic demand 32.拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33.粮食仓库：grain depot 34.粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35.粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36.粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37.劣质工程：shoddy engineering 38.乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines39.骗汇
26、、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses,not turnover foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 40.融资渠道：financing channels,41.商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit 42.社会保险机构：social security institution 43.失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits 44.偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion,t
27、ax fraud and refusal to pay taxes 45.外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending 46.安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents 47.信息化：inFORMation-based;inFORMationization 48.智力密集型：concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive 49.外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises 50.下岗职工：laid-off workers 51
28、.分流：reposition of redundant personnel 52.素质教育：education for all-round development 53.豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects 54.社会治安情况：law-and-order situation 55.民族国家：nation state,56.“台独”：independence of Taiwan57.台湾当局：Taiwan authorities 58.台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots 59.台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part
29、of the Chinese territory.60.西部大开发：Development of the West Regions 61.可持续性发展：sustainable development 62.风险投资：risk investment 63.通货紧缩：deflation 64.扩大内需：to expand domestic demand 65.计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction(CAI)66.网络空间：cyberspace 67.虚拟现实：virtual reality 68.网民：netizen(net citizen)69.电脑犯罪：co
30、mputer crime 70.电子商务：the e-business 71.网上购物：shopping online 72.应试教育：exam-oriented education 73.学生减负：to reduce study load,74.“厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75.“拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76.“智商”：（IQ）77.“情商”：（EQ）78.“第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）79“第四产业”：（quaternary/inFORMation indus
31、try）79.“军嫂”：（military spouse）80.“峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)81.“克隆”：clone 82.“冰毒”：ice 83.“摇头丸”：dancing outreach 84.“传销”：multi level marketing 85.“（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year,k for kilo or thousand)86.“白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book)87.“傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相
32、机)；88.“白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）,89.“巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。90.“减员增效”：increase efficiency by downsizing staff；91.“抓大放小”：manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones；92.“市政府要办的X件实事”：x major projects that should be given top p
33、riority as designated on the municipal governments working agenda；93.“两个基本点”：two focal points，two of the major points of the line set by the 13th Congress of the CPC，I.e.upholding the four cardinal principles and the policies reFORM，opening to the outside world and invigorating domestic economy。94.“
34、投资热点”：a region attractive to investors，a muchsought piece of hand，popular investment spot 95.“移动电话”：本系cellular（有时简作cel）或mobile（tele）phone 96.“三角债”：chain debts或debt chains 97.“拳头产品”：knockout product,98.“投诉热线”：dial-a-cheat confidential hotline（打电话告诉一件欺诈事件）99.“三通”的现译文three links：link of trade，travel an
35、d post 100.“外资”：overseas investments 101.“开放”：open to the outside world 102.“联防”：community/teampolicing（一种由警察和辖区居民共同参与的治安管理）103.“三陪服务”：escort services（陪伴服务）。104.“五讲四美”：five stresses and four points of beauty 105.“暴利”：excessive/extravagant/exorbitant/sudden huge profit(windfall profit也好)106.“暴发户”：ups
36、tart，parvenu，noov（e），nouveau riche（new rich），jumped-up people(口语)107.“快餐”：snack（food），quick meal，fast（food，meal），takeaway，carryout，MRE（meals ready to eat）“一次（性/用）”108.一次处理：single/primary treatment；109.一次污染：primary pollution；,110.一次冻透：straight；freez-ing；111.一次空气：fresh/primary air；112.一次爆破：onepull；113
37、.一次付清：pay in full；114.一次消费：one-time-consumption；115.一次误差：first-order error；116.一次成像照片：a Polaroid picture；117.一次偿还信贷：non-in-stallment；118.一次性杯子：sanitary cup；119.一次性筷子：disposable chopsticks；120.一次性收入：lump-sum payment；121.一次用包装：non-returnable container；122.一次用相机：single-use camera 123.西部开发：Develop Weste
38、rn Regions 124.假日经济：Holiday Economy 125.手机的利与弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cell Phone 126.传呼机不久将会被淘汰吗？：Can Beepers Be Soon Out of Use?127.电脑病毒：Computer Viruses 128.网上犯罪：Cyber Crimes,129.旅游热：Tourism Wave 130.打拐：Cracking Down on the Abduction of Women and Children 131.反毒斗争：Anti-drug Battle 132
39、.黑客：Hackers 133.减负：Reduction of Students Study Load 134.中国加入世贸组织：Chinas Entry into the WTO 135.沙尘暴：Sandstorms 136.告别1999：Farewell to the Special Year 1999 137.千年虫：The Millennium Bug 138.千禧年的梦想：My Millennium Dreams 139.拥抱新千年：Embracing the New Millennium 140.网上购物：Shopping on the Net 141.参考书的负面效应：My Vi
40、ew on the Negative Effects of Reference Books 142.因特网的利与弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Internet 143.人类第一张基因草图的意义：The Significance of the First Working Draft of Human Genome Map 144.高校合并：The Merging of Universities 145.网上求职：Hunting for A Job on Internet,146.何为新世纪的好老师？：What Is a Good Teacher in th
41、e Next Century?147.中国的外资：Chinas foreign Investment 148.中国的人才流失：The Talent Flight in China 149.性教育：Sex Education 150.明天的因特网：The Future Tomorrows Internet 151.课堂是以教师为中心还是以学生为中心？：A Teacher-centered Class or A Student-centered Class?152.现有的考试制度的利与弊：The Positive and Negative Aspects of Exams and the Exis
42、ting Examination System 153.中国的因特网：Internet in China 154.中国的电脑：Computers in China 155.中国的大学英语教学：College English Teaching in China 156.新的收费政策把学生拒之门外了吗？：Does New Tuition Policy Keep Students Away?157.家教的利与弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Home Tutoring 158.教师，国家的未来：Teachers,A Nations Future,159.电子词典：
43、Electronic Dictionaries 160.教育应是应试教育还是素质教育：Education:Examination-oriented or Quality-oriented 161.提倡创新精神：Develop Our Creative Mind 162.计算机辅助教学：CAI/Computer Assisted Instruction 163.自动取款机的利与弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the ATM 164.展望廿一世纪：Looking Forward to the 21st Century 165.盗版问题：Problem of Pi
44、racy 166.学会如何学习：Learn How to Learn 167.假文凭：Fake Diplomas 168.书的不良影响：My View on the Negative Effects of Books 169.人们为什么热衷于摸彩票？：Why Do People Like to Try Their Luck on Lottery?170.兼职工作：My View on a Part-time Job 171.无偿献血：Blood Donation without Repayment 172.留学海外：Studying Abroad 173.发展经济还是保护环境？：Develop
45、ing Economy or Protecting the Environment?174.电子邮件：The Internet E-mail,与学校相关词汇,instruction,education 教育 culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three Rs 读、写、算school year 学年term,trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科disc
46、ipline 纪律timetable 课程表class,lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习,dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short)course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime,break 课间,休息to play truant,to play hooky 逃学,旷课course(of study)学业student body 学生(总称)classmate,schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot,gri
47、nd 用功的学生old boy 老生grant,scholarship,fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant,scholar,fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服,teaching staff 教育工作者(总称)teachers 教师(总称)primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster,deputy head 副校长rec
48、tor 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant,lab assistant 实验员beadle,porter 门房,学校工友games master,gym teacher,gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称)of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll,to enroll 予以注册to take lessons(学生)上课to teach(老师)上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住
49、,掌握to revise,to go over 复习competitive examination 答辩考试,test 考试to test 考试to take an examination,to sit an examination,to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral,written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trot)to pass an exam
50、ination(或exam),通过考试pass,passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project,thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma)holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a h
